Pyridoxine-dependent epilepsy
Definition:
Pyridoxine-dependent epilepsy (PDE) is an autosomal recessive epileptic encephalopathy characterized by a therapeutic response to pharmacological dosages of pyridoxine hydrochloride (vitamin B6) and resistance to conventional antiepileptic treatment. Antiquitin (ATQ) deficiency is the main cause of PDE. Antiquitin is encoded by ALDH7A1 gene, and functions in the lysine degradation pathway. Its deficiency results in accumulation of alpha-aminoadipic semialdehyde (AASA), piperideine-6-carboxylate (P6C) and pipecolic acid, which serve as diagnostic markers in urine, plasma, and CSF.
References:
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[1]. Philippa B Mills, et al. Mutations in antiquitin in individuals with pyridoxine-dependent seizures. Nat Med. 2006 Mar;12(3):307-9. [Content Brief]
[2]. Sylvia Stockler, et al. Pyridoxine dependent epilepsy and antiquitin deficiency: clinical and molecular characteristics and recommendations for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Mol Genet Metab. 2011 Sep-Oct;104(1-2):48-60. [Content Brief]
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