2. GPCR/G Protein Neuronal Signaling Apoptosis
  3. Dopamine Receptor Apoptosis
  4. MPTP

MPTP (1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine) is a brain penetrant dopamine neurotoxin. MPTP can be used to induce Parkinson’s Disease model. MPTP, a precusor of MPP+, induces apoptosis.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

CAS No. : 28289-54-5

Size Price Stock Quantity
Solid + Solvent (Highly Recommended)
10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO
ready for reconstitution
 In-stock
Solution
10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO In-stock
Solid
50 mg In-stock
100 mg In-stock
250 mg In-stock
500 mg In-stock
1 g In-stock
5 g   Get quote  
10 g   Get quote  

* Please select Quantity before adding items.

This product is a controlled substance and not for sale in your territory.

Customer Review

Based on 86 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Other Forms of MPTP:

MPTP Related Antibodies

Top Publications Citing Use of Products

86 Publications Citing Use of MCE MPTP

WB
IHC
IF

    MPTP purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Brain Res. 2019 Jul 15:1715:203-212.  [Abstract]

    Immunofluorescence for TH. The intranigral Apelin-13 injection significantly inhibits MPTP-induced the neurodegeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the SNpc.

    MPTP purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2019 Feb:177:1-11.  [Abstract]

    Effect of treatment with Rapamycin, trehalose, or their combination on autophagy activity measured by quantified immunoreactivity of LC3-II in the s. nigra. MPTP is administered at the dose of 20 mg/kg (i.p., daily) for 4 days to induce PD-like pathology.

    MPTP purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2019 Feb:177:1-11.  [Abstract]

    Effect of treatment with Rapamycin, trehalose, or their combination on tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) expression in the striatum in MPTP-induced mouse model of Parkinson’s disease.

    MPTP purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Brain Res. 2016 Jul 1:1642:546-552.  [Abstract]

    RNA 5hmC decreases in a MPTP-induced Parkinson's disease mouse model. MPTP (i.p. 60 mg/kg) is injected to induce Parkinson's disease model in mice. At 24 h after last MPTP injection, open field test is performed. After behavioral tests, the hippocampus (Hipo), the substantia nigra (SN), the striatum (Str), and the cortex (Ctx) are collected and total RNA is extracted. Total 100 ng RNA is used for dot blot analysis to detect 5hmC abundance in RNA samples from different brain regions. Methylene bl

    View All Dopamine Receptor Isoform Specific Products:

    View All Isoforms
    Dopamine Receptor D1 Receptor D2 Receptor D3 Receptor D4 Receptor D5 Receptor

    • Biological Activity

    • Protocol

    • Purity & Documentation

    • References

    • Customer Review

    Description

    MPTP (1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine) is a brain penetrant dopamine neurotoxin. MPTP can be used to induce Parkinson’s Disease model. MPTP, a precusor of MPP+, induces apoptosis[1][2][3].

    In Vitro

    Pretreatment with 50 mM 4-phenylpyridine, reduces IC50 (concentration for 50% inhibition of twitch amplitude) values of MPTP from 53 to 18 mM and d-tubocurarine from 0.7 to 0.3 mM, respectively, in mouse phrenic nerve-diaphragm[2].

    MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

    MPTP Related Antibodies
    In Vivo

    MPTP can be used in animal modeling to create Parkinson's disease models. MPTP replicates naturally occurring neurodegeneration and is useful for studying dopaminergic neuronal degeneration, mitochondrial dysfunction, and neuroinflammation. After injection, MPTP is rapidly metabolized to MPP+, which has a serum half-life of approximately 6 days in sheep.

    Induction of Parkinsonism model[4][5][6][7]
    Background
    MPTP is free to cross the blood-brain barrier and enter the brain, where it is metabolized by monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) in astrocytes into MPP+, its active & toxic form. MPP+ is taken up by dopamine neurons via a dopamine transporter (DAT), blocking Complex I in the electron transport chain of mitochondria, triggering oxidative stress and mitochondrial breakdown, and finally leading to neuron apoptosis. In Parkinson's disease, it is the loss of neurons in the substantia nigra, the dopamine-producing part of the substantia nigrostriatum system, that causes the disease. Due to the toxic effects of MPTP, it will cause the death of dopamine neurons in the substantia nigra, causing symptoms similar to Parkinson's disease.
    Specific Modeling Methods
    Mice: C57BL/6 • male • 8-12 week-old (period: 2 weeks), older mice may be more sensitive
    Administration:
    Acute model: 14-20 mg/kg • ip • 4 times a day, two hours apart
    Sub-acute model: 20-30 mg/kg • ip • once daily for 5 days
    Note
    1. After administration, we can observe whether the mice have symptoms such as reduced activity, staggering walking, twitching, fried hair, increased urination, etc. This behavior may last for 24-48 hours, after which the mice behave basically normally.
    2. MPTP is usually sold as MPTP hydrochloride. The molecular weight of MPTP hydrochloride is 209.7. Therefore, it is recommended to take into account the presence of hydrochloride (HCl) when preparing injectable solutions. HCl has a molecular weight of 35.4 and accounts for 17% of MPTP. Thus, if a 20 mg/kg dose of MPTP is to be prepared, the MPTP hydrochloride dose administered is 20 mg kg* 1.17% = 23.4 mg/kg.
    3. If multiple injections are given within 1 day, it is best to alternate the injections on both sides. If injected every day, it should be done at the same time. Before each injection, the mice need to be weighed and the dosage volume should be adjusted.
    4. Modeling mice may not show behavioral defects of Parkinson's disease. Mice may show individual differences, and the success rate of modeling is generally difficult to reach 100%. Therefore nigrostriatal damage associated with gliosis should be mainly monitored in MPTP mouse studies.
    5. High drug dosage/mice weighing less than 22 g/mixing of drugs from different batches/mice not adapting in advance/animal room being too cold may result in a number of deaths. It is recommended that the number of animals in each group be increased, and adjust to the optimal dose according to experimental conditions.
    Modeling Indicators
    Nigrostriatal injury: Tyrosine hydroxylase in the substantia nigra and striatum is reduced after successful modeling (IHC, IF, WB, etc.);
    Other markers: reduction of brain neurotransmitters (DA, DOPAC, 5-HT, HVA, etc.) (detected by HPLC);
    Nigrostriatal microglia (IBA1+ cells) and astrocytes (GFAP+ cells) are activated, and the number of α-syn aggregates in the substantia nigra .
    Opposite Product(s): HY-W013494

    MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
    Molecular Weight

    173.25

    Formula

    C12H15N
    CAS No.
    Appearance

    Solid

    Color

    Off-white to light yellow

    SMILES

    CN1CC=C(CC1)C2=CC=CC=C2
    Shipping

    Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
    Storage

    RT, protect from light

    In solvent -80°C 1 year
    -20°C 6 months
    Solvent & Solubility
    In Vitro: 

    DMSO : 50 mg/mL (288.60 mM; Need ultrasonic and warming; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

    Preparing
    Stock Solutions
    Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
    1 mM 5.7720 mL 28.8600 mL 57.7201 mL
    5 mM 1.1544 mL 5.7720 mL 11.5440 mL
    View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

    * Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
    Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 1 year. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 6 months.

    • Molarity Calculator

    • Dilution Calculator

    Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

    Mass
    =
    Concentration
    ×
    Volume
    ×
    Molecular Weight *

    Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

    This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

    Concentration (start)

    C1

    ×
    Volume (start)

    V1

    =
    Concentration (final)

    C2

    ×
    Volume (final)

    V2

    In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
    Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

    Dosage

    mg/kg

    Animal weight
    (per animal)

    g

    Dosing volume
    (per animal)

    μL

    Number of animals

    Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
    Calculation results:
    Working solution concentration: mg/mL
    Purity & Documentation

    Purity: 99.78%

    SDS (393 KB)

    COA (248 KB) HNMR (116 KB) RP-HPLC (126 KB) LCMS (140 KB)

    Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
    References
    Animal Administration
    [3]

    For the preparation of the LPS rat model and the MPTP mouse model, the treatments of the animals are performed. Briefly, adult rats receive unilateral injections of LPS (0.5 μL of 10 μg/μL diluted in 0.9% saline) into the medial forebrain bundle (MFB) at the following coordinates, AP-4.2 mm, L 1.5 mm, and V 7.8 mm, and into the contralateral side with the same volume of 0.9% saline. Adult mice are administered intraperitoneal injections of MPTP of 25 mg/kg per day for five continuous days, and the same volume of saline is injected as a control. All the animals are sacrificed at week 1, 2, 3, or 4 after the LPS or MPTP injections. The brain samples are collected for the subsequent immunohistochemistry and western blot experiments.

    MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
    References

    Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

    * Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
    Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 1 year. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 6 months.

    Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
    DMSO 1 mM 5.7720 mL 28.8600 mL 57.7201 mL 144.3001 mL
    5 mM 1.1544 mL 5.7720 mL 11.5440 mL 28.8600 mL
    10 mM 0.5772 mL 2.8860 mL 5.7720 mL 14.4300 mL
    15 mM 0.3848 mL 1.9240 mL 3.8480 mL 9.6200 mL
    20 mM 0.2886 mL 1.4430 mL 2.8860 mL 7.2150 mL
    25 mM 0.2309 mL 1.1544 mL 2.3088 mL 5.7720 mL
    30 mM 0.1924 mL 0.9620 mL 1.9240 mL 4.8100 mL
    40 mM 0.1443 mL 0.7215 mL 1.4430 mL 3.6075 mL
    50 mM 0.1154 mL 0.5772 mL 1.1544 mL 2.8860 mL
    60 mM 0.0962 mL 0.4810 mL 0.9620 mL 2.4050 mL
    80 mM 0.0722 mL 0.3608 mL 0.7215 mL 1.8038 mL
    100 mM 0.0577 mL 0.2886 mL 0.5772 mL 1.4430 mL
    • No file chosen (Maximum size is: 1024 Kb)
    • If you have published this work, please enter the PubMed ID.
    • Your name will appear on the site.

    MPTP Related Classifications

    Help & FAQs
    • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

      Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

    Keywords:

    MPTP28289-54-5Dopamine ReceptorApoptosisbrainpenetrantneurotoxinParkinson’sDiseaseInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

    Your Recently Viewed Products:

    Inquiry Online

    Your information is safe with us. * Required Fields.

    Product Name

    		  

    Requested Quantity *

    Applicant Name *

    		 

    Salutation

    Email Address *

    		 

    Phone Number *

    Department

    		 

    Organization Name *

    City

    State

    Country or Region *

    		      

    Remarks

    Bulk Inquiry

    Inquiry Information

    Product Name:
    MPTP
    Cat. No.:
    HY-W114750
    Quantity:
    MCE Japan Authorized Agent:

    Customer Review

    Thank You for Your Feedback!

    Request for HNMR Report

    Please fill out this form to request the QC report. We will send it to your Email address shortly.

    Your information is safe with us. * Required Fields.

    Product Name

    		  

    Lot #

    Applicant Name *

    		 

    Email Address *

    Phone Number

    		 

    Department *

    Organization Name *

    		 

    Country or Region *

    Remarks

    SAFETY DATA SHEET (SDS)

    English - EN (393 KB) Français - FR (393 KB) Deutsch - DE (393 KB) Norwegian - NO (393 KB) Español - ES (393 KB) Swedish - SV (393 KB) Italian - IT (393 KB) Korean - KR (393 KB) Portuguese - PT (393 KB)

    Request for HNMR Report

    We have received your request and will respond to you as soon as possible.