1. Cell Cycle/DNA Damage Apoptosis Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
  2. DNA/RNA Synthesis Apoptosis Cytochrome P450
  3. Polθ-IN-10

Polθ-IN-10 is an orally active Polθ-pol inhibitor (with a human IC50 of 1.3 nM) that exhibits oral bioavailability in mice and rats. Polθ-IN-10 binds to the allosteric site of Polθ-pol, disrupts the microhomology-mediated end-joining DNA repair pathway, and inhibits CYP2C9 (IC50=1.63 μM). Polθ-IN-10 selectively inhibits the proliferation of HR-deficient cancer cells and induces apoptosis. Polθ-IN-10 is applicable to the research of HR-deficient cancers.

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Polθ-IN-10

Polθ-IN-10 Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 3068829-46-6

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Description

Polθ-IN-10 is an orally active Polθ-pol inhibitor (with a human IC50 of 1.3 nM) that exhibits oral bioavailability in mice and rats. Polθ-IN-10 binds to the allosteric site of Polθ-pol, disrupts the microhomology-mediated end-joining DNA repair pathway, and inhibits CYP2C9 (IC50=1.63 μM). Polθ-IN-10 selectively inhibits the proliferation of HR-deficient cancer cells and induces apoptosis. Polθ-IN-10 is applicable to the research of HR-deficient cancers[1].

IC50 & Target

CYP2C9

1.63 μM (IC50)

In Vitro

Polθ-IN-10 (Compound 20) (10-60 min) potently and selectively inhibits the polymerase activity of human Polθ, with an IC50 of 1.3 nM, and does not inhibit other human DNA polymerases at a concentration of 10 μM[1].
Polθ-IN-10 (3-10 d) selectively inhibits the proliferation of HR-deficient cancer cell lines with an IC50 value ranging from 2.49 to 5.60 μM, while exerting minimal effects on HR-proficient cancer cell lines and normal cell lines[1].
Polθ-IN-10 (0-50.0 μM) preferentially inhibits CYP2C9 with an IC50 of 1.63 μM; it shows weak inhibitory activity against other CYP subtypes and exhibits no inhibitory effect on CYP1A2 even at concentrations as high as 50 μM[1].
Polθ-IN-10 (1.25-20 μM; 3-14 d) selectively and dose-dependently inhibits colony formation in HR-deficient MDA-MB-436 cells, while exerting no significant effect on normal MCF10A cells[1].
Polθ-IN-10 (5-20 μM; 7 d) dose-dependently induces apoptosis in HR-deficient MDA-MB-436 cells[1].
Polθ-IN-10 (1.25-10 μM; 2-48 h) induces time- and dose-dependent DNA damage in homologous recombination-deficient MDA-MB-436 cells[1].
Polθ-IN-10 (100 μM; 30 min) directly binds to Polθ protein in MDA-MB-436 cells and enhances its thermal stability[1].
Polθ-IN-10 (1 μM; 60 min) exhibits excellent metabolic stability in human, mouse and rat liver microsomes, with a half-life ranging from 121.6 to 247.5 min[1].
Polθ-IN-10 (30 μM; acute exposure) exhibits weak inhibitory activity against hERG channels, inducing only 24.0% inhibition at the concentration of 30 μM, which suggests that it possesses favorable cardiac safety profiles[1].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Cell Viability Assay[1]

Cell Line: HR-deficient cancer cell lines (MDA-MB-436, Capan-1, DLD-1 BRCA2-/-); HR-proficient/normal cell lines (DLD-1 BRCA2WT, MCF10A)
Concentration: Serial dilutions
Incubation Time: 7 days (MDA-MB-436, Capan-1); 10 days (DLD-1 BRCA2-/-); 3 days (MCF10A)
Result: Exhibited antiproliferative activity with IC50 values of 2.49 μM in MDA-MB-436 cells, 5.60 μM in Capan-1 cells, and 4.63 μM in DLD-1 BRCA2-/- cells.
Showed minimal activity with an IC50 >20 μM in DLD-1 BRCA2WT and MCF10A cells.

Apoptosis Analysis[1]

Cell Line: HR-deficient breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-436
Concentration: 5-20 μM
Incubation Time: 7 days
Result: Induced apoptosis in 24.7%, 33.1%, and 57.8% of MDA-MB-436 cells at concentrations of 5, 10, and 20 μM respectively, compared to the control group.

Western Blot Analysis[1]

Cell Line: HR-deficient breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-436
Concentration: 5 μM (time-dependent assay); 1.25-10 μM (dose-dependent assay)
Incubation Time: 2-12 h (time-dependent assay); 48 h (dose-dependent assay)
Result: Induced a time-dependent increase in γH2AX levels, with significant upregulation observed at 4 h and sustained through 12 h at 5 μM.
Also induced a dose-dependent increase in γH2AX levels, with significant upregulation at concentrations ≥2.5 μM after 48 h.
Parmacokinetics
Species Dose Route Cmax Tmax T1/2 MRT0-t MRT0-∞ AUC0-t AUC0-∞ F CL Vd
Mice[1] 2 mg/kg i.v. 2580 ng/mL / 2.22 h 2.03 h 2.37 h 4330 ng·h/mL 4470 ng·h/mL / 0.45 L/h/kg 1.06 L/kg
Mice[1] 10 mg/kg p.o. 7560 ng/mL 0.50 h 1.65 h 2.45 h 2.59 h 22800 ng·h/mL 23100 ng·h/mL 103.36 % / /
Rat[1] 3 mg/kg i.v. 949 ng/mL / 1.48 h 1.73 h 1.73 h 911 ng·h/mL 911 ng·h/mL / 3.51 L/h/kg 7.46 L/kg
Rat[1] 30 mg/kg p.o. 1361 ng/mL 1.00 h 4.34 h 4.02 h 4.86 h 5640 ng·h/mL 5803 ng·h/mL 63.71 % / /
In Vivo

Polθ-IN-10 (Compound 20) (25-100 mg/kg; p.o.; once daily; 28 days) significantly inhibits MDA-MB-436 xenograft tumor growth in a dose-dependent manner, achieving a maximum TGI of 61.14% at 100 mg/kg, with no evident in vivo toxicity[1].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model: NSG mice (female, 18-20 g, subcutaneous xenograft of MDA-MB-436 BRCA1 mutant human breast cancer cells)[1]
Dosage: 25 mg/kg; 50 mg/kg; 100 mg/kg
Administration: p.o.; once daily; 28 days
Result: Achieved tumor growth inhibition (TGI) rates of 45.49%, 51.99%, and 61.14% at doses of 25 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg, and 100 mg/kg, respectively.
Showed no significant mouse body weight loss across all treatment doses.
Detected a significant, dose-dependent increase in γH2AX (a DNA damage marker) expression in tumor tissue from treated mice.
Revealed no significant toxicity in histological analysis of heart, liver, spleen, lungs, and kidneys.
Molecular Weight

556.51

Formula

C27H24F4N6O3

CAS No.
SMILES

O=C(N(CC#CC1=NN=C(C=C1)C(O)(C)C)C2=CC=C(C=C2)F)[C@@H](N3C4=NC(C)=CC(C(F)(F)F)=C4)CNC3=O

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Purity & Documentation
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