2. Anti-infection Apoptosis Stem Cell/Wnt MAPK/ERK Pathway
  3. Bacterial Apoptosis ERK TNF Receptor
  4. 6:2 Fluorotelomer alcohol

6:2 Fluorotelomer alcohol  (Synonyms: 6:2 FTOH; 1H,1H,2H,2H-Perfluoro-1-octanol; 2-(Perfluorohexyl)ethanol)

Cat. No.: HY-W002199 Purity: 99.96%
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6:2 Fluorotelomer alcohol (6:2 FTOH) is an orally active, blood-brain barrier-permeable modulator of cyclin D1 and ETS1. 6:2 Fluorotelomer alcohol downregulates cyclin D1 expression, upregulates ETS1 via the TNF-α/ERK 1/2 pathway, impairs mitochondrial membrane potential and respiratory function, increases reactive oxygen species levels, disrupts calcium homeostasis and activates endoplasmic reticulum stress markers, and induces cell proliferation inhibition and endothelial-mesenchymal transition. Furthermore, 6:2 Fluorotelomer alcohol induces morphological abnormalities in zebrafish embryos and liver developmental damage, while disrupting the brain immune microenvironment in mice, causing systemic toxicity and delayed pup maturation in CD-1 mice. 6:2 Fluorotelomer alcohol also induces cortical neuron apoptosis, glial cell activation, synaptic abnormalities, colonic barrier damage, intestinal dysbiosis and autism spectrum disorder-like symptoms in mice. 6:2 Fluorotelomer alcohol shows no mutagenic, clastogenic, primary skin/eye irritation or skin sensitizing effects, exhibits no selective reproductive toxicity in CD-1 mice, and is classified as GHS Category 4 for acute oral toxicity. 6:2 Fluorotelomer alcohol can be used in studies of neurodevelopmental disorders and autism spectrum disorders.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

6:2 Fluorotelomer alcohol

6:2 Fluorotelomer alcohol Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 647-42-7

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6:2 Fluorotelomer alcohol Related Antibodies

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Description

6:2 Fluorotelomer alcohol (6:2 FTOH) is an orally active, blood-brain barrier-permeable modulator of cyclin D1 and ETS1. 6:2 Fluorotelomer alcohol downregulates cyclin D1 expression, upregulates ETS1 via the TNF-α/ERK 1/2 pathway, impairs mitochondrial membrane potential and respiratory function, increases reactive oxygen species levels, disrupts calcium homeostasis and activates endoplasmic reticulum stress markers, and induces cell proliferation inhibition and endothelial-mesenchymal transition. Furthermore, 6:2 Fluorotelomer alcohol induces morphological abnormalities in zebrafish embryos and liver developmental damage, while disrupting the brain immune microenvironment in mice, causing systemic toxicity and delayed pup maturation in CD-1 mice. 6:2 Fluorotelomer alcohol also induces cortical neuron apoptosis, glial cell activation, synaptic abnormalities, colonic barrier damage, intestinal dysbiosis and autism spectrum disorder-like symptoms in mice. 6:2 Fluorotelomer alcohol shows no mutagenic, clastogenic, primary skin/eye irritation or skin sensitizing effects, exhibits no selective reproductive toxicity in CD-1 mice, and is classified as GHS Category 4 for acute oral toxicity. 6:2 Fluorotelomer alcohol can be used in studies of neurodevelopmental disorders and autism spectrum disorders[1][2][3][4][5].

In Vitro

6:2 FTOH (50-200 μg/mL) dose-dependently inhibits proliferation and downregulates cyclin D1 expression in HaCaT human keratinocytes and HDF human dermal fibroblasts, with cyclin D1 reduced at 200 μg/mL in HaCaT cells and at 100 and 200 μg/mL in HDF cells[1].
6:2 FTOH (50-200 μg/mL) activates ER stress signaling in HaCaT human keratinocytes and HDF human dermal fibroblasts, with dose-dependent increases in GRP78/BiP and CHOP in both cell types, and cell-specific phospho-eIF2α regulation[1].
6:2 Fluorotelomer alcohol (0.1-1 μM; 24 h) significantly increases the viability of mouse cerebral microvascular endothelial bEnd.3 cells[2].
6:2 Fluorotelomer alcohol (0.1-1 μM) significantly increases the proliferation rate of mouse cerebral microvascular endothelial bEnd.3 cells, as measured by EdU incorporation[2].
6:2 Fluorotelomer alcohol (0.1-1 μM) reduces tight junction protein (ZO-1) expression, increases Occludin degradation, upregulates mesenchymal marker (N-cadherin) expression, and downregulates endothelial marker (VE-cadherin) expression in mouse cerebral microvascular endothelial bEnd.3 cells, indicating EndMT induction and tight junction disruption[2].
6:2 Fluorotelomer alcohol (0.1-1 μM) increases the expression of glycolysis-related proteins (GLUT1, GLUT3, LDHA) in mouse cerebral microvascular endothelial bEnd.3 cells, confirming enhanced glycolysis[2].
6:2 Fluorotelomer alcohol (0.1-1 μM) significantly upregulates the mRNA expression of inflammation-related genes (IL-1β, TNF-α, COX-2, iNOS) in mouse cerebral microvascular endothelial bEnd.3 cells[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

6:2 Fluorotelomer alcohol Related Antibodies

Cell Viability Assay[2]

Cell Line: mouse cerebral microvascular endothelial bEnd.3 cells
Concentration: 0.1-1 μM
Incubation Time: 24 h
Result: Significantly increased bEnd.3 cell viability at both tested concentrations, with statistically significant elevations relative to control.
In Vivo

6:2 FTOH (aqueous exposure; continuous exposure; 24 hours to 96 hpf) induces dose-dependent developmental toxicity in zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos, including morphological defects, apoptosis, oxidative stress, and impaired liver development. Significant effects are observed at doses as low as 50 μg/mL, with strong toxicity observed at 200 μg/mL[1]
6:2 Fluorotelomer alcohol (5-125 mg/kg, oral administration daily; from gestational day 8.5 to delivery) impairs blood-brain barrier function in male BALB/c mouse offspring, alters the brain immune microenvironment, and induces endothelial-mesenchymal transition in brain microvascular endothelial cells via upregulating ETS1[2].
The no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) for systemic toxicity of 6:2 fluorotelomer alcohol (100 mg/kg/day; oral administration daily) is 25 mg/kg/day in male mice, 5 mg/kg/day in female mice, >100 mg/kg/day for reproductive toxicity, and 25 mg/kg/day for offspring survival and growth. Its primary target organ is the liver[3].
6:2 Fluorotelomer alcohol (25 mg/kg/day; oral gavage; once daily; from gestational day 8.5 to parturition) induces autism spectrum disorder-like behaviors, brain histopathological damage, intestinal barrier dysfunction, and gut microbiota dysbiosis in male mouse offspring via the microbiota-gut-brain axis[4].
6:2 Fluorotelomer alcohol (175-5000 mg/kg; p.o./dermal; single or 90-day exposure) exhibits acute oral toxicity with an LD50 of 1750 mg/kg; its acute dermal LD50 is >5000 mg/kg; subchronic oral toxicity occurs in brown rats at ≥25 mg/kg/day; its no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) is 5 mg/kg/day[5].
6:2 Fluorotelomer alcohol (up to 100%) does not induce skin sensitization in mice[5].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model: Danio rerio; Tg(fabp10a;dsRed)[1]
Dosage: 50 µg/mL; 100 µg/mL; 200 µg/mL (general developmental toxicity); 200 µg/mL (liver development assessment)
Administration: aqueous exposure; continuous; 24 hours (starting at 24 hpf, general developmental toxicity); continuous until 96 hpf (liver development assessment)
Result: Caused significant reduction in eye size, significant increase in yolk size, marked reduction in brain size, shortened heartbeat interval, and significantly enlarged heart size at 200 µg/mL.
Induced a significant increase in acridine orange-positive apoptotic/necrotic cells in the head and yolk regions, and significantly elevated ROS levels in embryos at 200 µg/mL.
Caused a marked reduction in DsRed fluorescence intensity and visibly smaller liver field in Tg(fabp10a;dsRed) embryos, with significant decreases in both liver fluorescence intensity and liver size compared to controls at 200 µg/mL.
Caused a significant increase in yolk size at 50 µg/mL.
Molecular Weight

364.10

Formula

C8H5F13O
CAS No.
Appearance

Liquid (Density: 1.65 g/cm3)

Color

Colorless to light yellow

SMILES

OCCC(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage

Store at room temperature 3 years

In solvent -80°C 2 years
-20°C 1 year
Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro: 

DMSO : 100 mg/mL (274.65 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

Preparing
Stock Solutions
Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 2.7465 mL 13.7325 mL 27.4650 mL
5 mM 0.5493 mL 2.7465 mL 5.4930 mL
View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 1 year. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 6 months.

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Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

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Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

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In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

  • Protocol 1

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% Saline

    Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (6.87 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

    Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
  • Protocol 2

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

    Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (6.87 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

    Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

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Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
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Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Calculation results:
Working solution concentration: mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL  DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).
The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take μL DMSO stock solution, add μL . μL , mix evenly, next add μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add μL Saline.
 If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Purity & Documentation

Purity: 99.96%

SDS (394 KB)

COA (245 KB) HNMR (128 KB) CNMR (129 KB) GC (230 KB)

Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 1 year. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 6 months.

Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
DMSO 1 mM 2.7465 mL 13.7325 mL 27.4650 mL 68.6625 mL
5 mM 0.5493 mL 2.7465 mL 5.4930 mL 13.7325 mL
10 mM 0.2746 mL 1.3732 mL 2.7465 mL 6.8662 mL
15 mM 0.1831 mL 0.9155 mL 1.8310 mL 4.5775 mL
20 mM 0.1373 mL 0.6866 mL 1.3732 mL 3.4331 mL
25 mM 0.1099 mL 0.5493 mL 1.0986 mL 2.7465 mL
30 mM 0.0915 mL 0.4577 mL 0.9155 mL 2.2887 mL
40 mM 0.0687 mL 0.3433 mL 0.6866 mL 1.7166 mL
50 mM 0.0549 mL 0.2746 mL 0.5493 mL 1.3732 mL
60 mM 0.0458 mL 0.2289 mL 0.4577 mL 1.1444 mL
80 mM 0.0343 mL 0.1717 mL 0.3433 mL 0.8583 mL
100 mM 0.0275 mL 0.1373 mL 0.2746 mL 0.6866 mL
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6:2 Fluorotelomer alcohol Related Classifications

Help & FAQs
  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

Keywords:

6:2 Fluorotelomer alcohol647-42-76:2 FTOH 1H,1H,2H,2H-Perfluoro-1-octanol 2-(Perfluorohexyl)ethanolBacterialApoptosisERKTNF ReceptorExtracellular signal regulated kinasesTumor Necrosis Factor ReceptorTNFRHaCaT human keratinocytesETS proto-oncogene 1 (ETS1)HDF human dermal fibroblastsBALB/c mouse offspringautism spectrum disorderSalmonella typhimuriummouse cerebral microvascular endothelial bEnd.3 cellscyclin D1CD-1 micezebrafish embryosInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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