Definition:

Acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis, also known as Trench mouth, Vincent angina and Vincent gingivitis is an acute bacterial infection of the gingiva caused by spirochetes, fusiform bacteria, or an overgrowth of normal oral flora. Predisposing factors include poor oral hygiene, advancing age, impaired nutritional status, smoking or chewing tobacco, immunosuppression, preexisting gingivitis, extreme stress, or lack of sleep. If the symptom progresses, the periodontium may be destroyed. Possible systemic manifestations include fever, anorexia, weakness, and fatigue.