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Aurora kinase B

Definition:

Serine/threonine-protein kinase component of the chromosomal passenger complex (CPC), a complex that acts as a key regulator of mitosis. The CPC complex has essential functions at the centromere in ensuring correct chromosome alignment and segregation and is required for chromatin-induced microtubule stabilization and spindle assembly. Involved in the bipolar attachment of spindle microtubules to kinetochores and is a key regulator for the onset of cytokinesis during mitosis. Required for central/midzone spindle assembly and cleavage furrow formation. Key component of the cytokinesis checkpoint, a process required to delay abscission to prevent both premature resolution of intercellular chromosome bridges and accumulation of DNA damage: phosphorylates CHMP4C, leading to retain abscission-competent VPS4 (VPS4A and/or VPS4B) at the midbody ring until abscission checkpoint signaling is terminated at late cytokinesis. AURKB phosphorylates the CPC complex subunits BIRC5/survivin, CDCA8/borealin and INCENP. Phosphorylation of INCENP leads to increased AURKB activity. Other known AURKB substrates involved in centromeric functions and mitosis are CENPA, DES/desmin, GPAF, KIF2C, NSUN2, RACGAP1, SEPTIN1, VIM/vimentin, HASPIN, and histone H3. A positive feedback loop involving HASPIN and AURKB contributes to localization of CPC to centromeres. Phosphorylation of VIM controls vimentin filament segregation in cytokinetic process, whereas histone H3 is phosphorylated at 'Ser-10' and 'Ser-28' during mitosis (H3S10ph and H3S28ph, respectively). A positive feedback between HASPIN and AURKB contributes to CPC localization. AURKB is also required for kinetochore localization of BUB1 and SGO1. Phosphorylation of p53/TP53 negatively regulates its transcriptional activity. Key regulator of active promoters in resting B- and T-lymphocytes: acts by mediating phosphorylation of H3S28ph at active promoters in resting B-cells, inhibiting RNF2/RING1B-mediated ubiquitination of histone H2A and enhancing binding and activity of the USP16 deubiquitinase at transcribed genes (By similarity). Acts as an inhibitor of CGAS during mitosis: catalyzes phosphorylation of the N-terminus of CGAS during the G2-M transition, blocking CGAS liquid phase separation and activation, and thereby preventing CGAS-induced autoimmunity. Phosphorylates KRT5 during anaphase and telophase (By similarity).

References:

[1]. Aie Kawajiri, et al. Functional significance of the specific sites phosphorylated in desmin at cleavage furrow: Aurora-B may phosphorylate and regulate type III intermediate filaments during cytokinesis coordinatedly with Rho-kinase. Mol Biol Cell. 2003 Apr;14(4):1489-500. [Content Brief]

[2]. Fei Mo, et al. Acetylation of Aurora B by TIP60 ensures accurate chromosomal segregation. Nat Chem Biol. 2016 Apr;12(4):226-32. [Content Brief]

[3]. Tuo Li, et al. Phosphorylation and chromatin tethering prevent cGAS activation during mitosis. Science. 2021 Mar 19;371(6535):eabc5386. [Content Brief]

[4]. Yukinori Minoshima, et al. Phosphorylation by aurora B converts MgcRacGAP to a RhoGAP during cytokinesis. Dev Cell. 2003 Apr;4(4):549-60. [Content Brief]

[5]. Jeremy G Carlton, et al. ESCRT-III governs the Aurora B-mediated abscission checkpoint through CHMP4C. Science. 2012 Apr 13;336(6078):220-5. [Content Brief]

[6]. Ozlem Yüce, et al. An ECT2-centralspindlin complex regulates the localization and function of RhoA. J Cell Biol. 2005 Aug 15;170(4):571-82. [Content Brief]

[7]. Reiko Honda, et al. Exploring the functional interactions between Aurora B, INCENP, and survivin in mitosis. Mol Biol Cell. 2003 Aug;14(8):3325-41. [Content Brief]

[8]. Hidemasa Goto, et al. Aurora-B phosphorylates Histone H3 at serine28 with regard to the mitotic chromosome condensation. Genes Cells. 2002 Jan;7(1):11-7. [Content Brief]

[9]. Sigrid B Thoresen, et al. ANCHR mediates Aurora-B-dependent abscission checkpoint control through retention of VPS4. Nat Cell Biol. 2014 Jun;16(6):550-60. [Content Brief]

[10]. Claudia Crosio, et al. Mitotic phosphorylation of histone H3: spatio-temporal regulation by mammalian Aurora kinases. Mol Cell Biol. 2002 Feb;22(3):874-85. [Content Brief]

[11]. Reto Gassmann, et al. Borealin: a novel chromosomal passenger required for stability of the bipolar mitotic spindle. J Cell Biol. 2004 Jul 19;166(2):179-91. [Content Brief]

[12]. Yoshihiro Yasui, et al. Autophosphorylation of a newly identified site of Aurora-B is indispensable for cytokinesis. J Biol Chem. 2004 Mar 26;279(13):12997-3003. [Content Brief]

[13]. Hidemasa Goto, et al. Aurora-B regulates the cleavage furrow-specific vimentin phosphorylation in the cytokinetic process. J Biol Chem. 2003 Mar 7;278(10):8526-30. [Content Brief]

[14]. S G Zeitlin, et al. CENP-A is phosphorylated by Aurora B kinase and plays an unexpected role in completion of cytokinesis. J Cell Biol. 2001 Dec 24;155(7):1147-57. [Content Brief]

[15]. Fangwei Wang, et al. A positive feedback loop involving Haspin and Aurora B promotes CPC accumulation at centromeres in mitosis. Curr Biol. 2011 Jun 21;21(12):1061-9. [Content Brief]

[16]. Jeroen Pouwels, et al. Shugoshin 1 plays a central role in kinetochore assembly and is required for kinetochore targeting of Plk1. Cell Cycle. 2007 Jul 1;6(13):1579-85. [Content Brief]

[17]. S P Wheatley, et al. INCENP is required for proper targeting of Survivin to the centromeres and the anaphase spindle during mitosis. Curr Biol. 2001 Jun 5;11(11):886-90. [Content Brief]

[18]. Victoria L Johnson, et al. Bub1 is required for kinetochore localization of BubR1, Cenp-E, Cenp-F and Mad2, and chromosome congression. J Cell Sci. 2004 Mar 15;117(Pt 8):1577-89. [Content Brief]

[19]. An-Chi Tien, et al. Identification of the substrates and interaction proteins of aurora kinases from a protein-protein interaction model. Mol Cell Proteomics. 2004 Jan;3(1):93-104. [Content Brief]

[20]. Liming Wu, et al. Aurora B interacts with NIR-p53, leading to p53 phosphorylation in its DNA-binding domain and subsequent functional suppression. J Biol Chem. 2011 Jan 21;286(3):2236-44. [Content Brief]

[21]. Sally P Wheatley, et al. Aurora-B phosphorylation in vitro identifies a residue of survivin that is essential for its localization and binding to inner centromere protein (INCENP) in vivo. J Biol Chem. 2004 Feb 13;279(7):5655-60. [Content Brief]

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