Polyribonucleotide 5'-hydroxyl-kinase Clp1

Definition

Polynucleotide kinase that can phosphorylate the 5'-hydroxyl groups of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), single-stranded RNA (ssRNA), double stranded DNA (dsDNA) and double-stranded DNA:RNA hybrids. dsRNA is phosphorylated more efficiently than dsDNA, and the RNA component of a DNA:RNA hybrid is phosphorylated more efficiently than the DNA component. Appears to have roles in both tRNA splicing and mRNA 3'-end formation. Component of the tRNA splicing endonuclease complex. Phosphorylates the 5'-terminus of the tRNA 3'-exon during tRNA splicing; this phosphorylation event is a prerequisite for the subsequent ligation of the two exon halves and the production of a mature tRNA. Component of the pre-mRNA cleavage complex II (CF-II), which seems to be required for mRNA 3'-end formation. Also phosphorylates the 5'-terminus of exogenously introduced short interfering RNAs (siRNAs), which is a necessary prerequisite for their incorporation into the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC). However, endogenous siRNAs and microRNAs (miRNAs) that are produced by the cleavage of dsRNA precursors by DICER1 already contain a 5'-phosphate group, so this protein may be dispensible for normal RNA-mediated gene silencing.

References:

[1]. Alejandro Ramirez, et al. Human RNA 5'-kinase (hClp1) can function as a tRNA splicing enzyme in vivo. RNA. 2008 Sep;14(9):1737-45. [Content Brief]

[2]. Stefan Weitzer, et al. The human RNA kinase hClp1 is active on 3' transfer RNA exons and short interfering RNAs. Nature. 2007 May 10;447(7141):222-6. [Content Brief]

[3]. Ender Karaca, et al. Human CLP1 mutations alter tRNA biogenesis, affecting both peripheral and central nervous system function. Cell. 2014 Apr 24;157(3):636-50. [Content Brief]

[4]. Ashleigh E Schaffer, et al. CLP1 founder mutation links tRNA splicing and maturation to cerebellar development and neurodegeneration. Cell. 2014 Apr 24;157(3):651-63. [Content Brief]

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