Sterol O-acyltransferase 2

Definition:

Catalyzes the formation of fatty acid-cholesterol esters, which are less soluble in membranes than cholesterol. Plays a role in lipoprotein assembly and dietary cholesterol absorption. Utilizes oleoyl-CoA ((9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA) and linolenoyl-CoA ((9Z,12Z,15Z)-octadecatrienoyl-CoA) as substrates. May provide cholesteryl esters for lipoprotein secretion from hepatocytes and intestinal mucosa.; [Isoform 2]: Has lower enzymatic activity compared to isoform 1.; [Isoform 3]: Has lower enzymatic activity compared to isoform 1.

References:

[1]. T Seo, et al. Differential modulation of ACAT1 and ACAT2 transcription and activity by long chain free fatty acids in cultured cells. Biochemistry. 2001 Apr 17;40(15):4756-62. [Content Brief]

[2]. Xiao-Min Yao, et al. Two human ACAT2 mRNA variants produced by alternative splicing and coding for novel isoenzymes. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai). 2005 Dec;37(12):797-806. [Content Brief]

[3]. Sojin An, et al. A critical role for the histidine residues in the catalytic function of acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase catalysis: evidence for catalytic difference between ACAT1 and ACAT2. FEBS Lett. 2006 May 15;580(11):2741-9. [Content Brief]

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