Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate monohydrate
Based on 5 publication(s) in Google Scholar
Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate monohydrate, the active form of vitamin B6, is an essential cofactor for multiple enzymes, including aromatic l-amino acid decarboxylase that catalyzes the final stage in the production of the neurotransmitters dopamine and serotonin. Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate monohydrate is the most important coenzyme variant in the process of vitamin B6 intracellular phosphorylation and is interconvertible with other variants, including pyridoxine 5′‐phosphate (PNP) and pyridoxamine 5′‐phosphate (PMP).
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
- Purity: 98.0%
- CAS No.: 41468-25-1
- Formula: C8H12NO7P
- Molecular Weight:265.16
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Storage:
4°C, sealed storage, away from moisture
* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)
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Biological Activity
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Chemical Information
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Solvent & Solubility
- Purity & Documentation
- References
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Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate monohydrate
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Customer Validation & Images
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Bio/Physico-chemical Assay
All Endogenous Metabolite Isoforms
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Biological Activity
IC50: active form of vitamin B6[1]
Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate monohydrate (500 μM, 24 h) activates the ERK/c-Jun signaling pathway, promotes the expression of IGFBP1 protein in HepG2 cells[3].
Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate monohydrate (0.5 mg/mL, 48h) inhibits the proliferation of cancer cells SK-OV-3 and OVCAR-3[5].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate monohydrate (600 mg/kg/day, po for 16 weeks) inhibits the formation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), and prevents the progression of diabetic nephropathy in Streptozotocin (HY-13753)-induced rats diabetes model[6].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Animal Model:Aβ25-35-induced cognitive dysfunction in ICR mouse models[4]
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Dosage:1 mg/kg
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Administration:ip, single dose
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Result:Alleviated spatial and long-term memory impairment.
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Animal Model:Streptozotocin (HY-13753)-induced rats diabetes model[6]
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Dosage:600 mg/kg
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Administration:po for 16 weeks
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Result:Prevented the diabetes.
Chemical Information
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CAS No. 41468-25-1
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Appearance Solid
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Molecular Weight 265.16
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Formula C8H12NO7P
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Color White to yellow
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SMILES
O=CC1=C(O)C(C)=NC=C1COP(O)(O)=O.[H]O[H]
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Synonyms
Pyridoxal phosphate monohydrate
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Structure Classification
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Initial Source
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Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Storage
4°C, sealed storage, away from moisture
* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)
Publications (5)
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Journal Impact Factor
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Most Recent
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Nat Immunol
Ammonia detoxification promotes CD8+ T cell memory development by urea and citrulline cycles. [Abstract]2023 Jan;24(1):162-173. PMID: 36471170 -
Int J Biol Macromol
Reticuline isomerase AKR1B1 with aldo-keto reductase activity and detoxification function from the insect Blaps rhynchopetera. [Abstract]2026 Mar:352:151224. PMID: 41791543 -
Int J Biol Macromol
Cumulus cells orchestrate oocyte maturation via actin polymerization and vitamin B6 metabolism regulation: Highlights from multi-omics analysis in sheep vitrified cumulus-oocyte complex. [Abstract]2025 Jul 21;320(Pt 4):146219. PMID: 40701463 -
J Agric Food Chem
Validation of Insect Dopa Decarboxylase as a Potential Insecticide Target and Discovery of Selective Lead Compounds. [Abstract]2025 Oct 15;73(41):25991-25997. PMID: 41042682
Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate monohydrate purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: J Agric Food Chem. 2025 Oct 15;73(41):25991-25997. [Abstract]
Schematic diagram of the active site of DmDDC (PDB code: 3K40). Following the structural alignment of DmDDC and hDDC, the ligand PLP (Pyridoxal phosphate)-DME (L-dopa methyl ester) of hDDC was displayed in DmDDC. PLPDME, an intermediate in the reaction between PLP and L-dopa, is shown in green in the figure.
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FEBS J
Phenotypic characterization of Arabidopsis thaliana mutants that alleviate root growth defects in a vitamin B6 biosynthesis mutant. [Abstract]2026 Jun 15. PMID: 42298768
Solvent & Solubility
H2O : 6.25 mg/mL (23.57 mM; Need ultrasonic)
DMSO : 5 mg/mL (18.86 mM; ultrasonic and warming and heat to 60°C; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.
- For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
- To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
- The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline
Solubility: ≥ 0.5 mg/mL (1.89 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 0.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (5.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)
Solubility: ≥ 0.5 mg/mL (1.89 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 0.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (5.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:
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Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
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%DMSO +
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
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%+
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+%Tween-80 + +
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%Saline +
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL DMSO. Stock solution concentration: mg/mL. * In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)
1. Take μL DMSO stock solution;
2. Add μL .
μL , mix evenly;
3. Then add μL Tween 80, mix evenly;
4. Then add μL
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Purity & Documentation
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Data Sheet (280 KB)
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SDS (394 KB)
- English - EN (394 KB)
- Français - FR (394 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (394 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (394 KB)
- Español - ES (394 KB)
- Swedish - SV (394 KB)
- Italian - IT (394 KB)
- Korean - KR (394 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (394 KB)
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Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
[1]. Allen GF, et al. Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate deficiency causes a loss of aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase in patients and human neuroblastoma cells, implications for aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase and vitamin B(6) deficiency states.J Neurochem. 2010 Jul;114(1):87-96. [Content Brief]
[2]. Calderón-Ospina CA, et al. B Vitamins in the nervous system: Current knowledge of the biochemical modes of action and synergies of thiamine, pyridoxine, and cobalamin.CNS Neurosci Ther. 2020 Jan;26(1):5-13. [Content Brief]
[3]. Zhang P, et al., High concentrations of pyridoxal stimulate the expression of IGFBP1 in HepG2 cells through upregulation of the ERK/c‑Jun pathway. Mol Med Rep. 2013 Oct;8(4):973-8. [Content Brief]
[4]. Choi JM, et al., Membrane-Free Stem Cells and Pyridoxal 5'-Phosphate Synergistically Enhance Cognitive Function in Alzheimer's Disease Mouse Model. Antioxidants (Basel). 2022 Mar 21;11(3):601. [Content Brief]
[5]. Zhang L, et al., Pyridoxine 5'-phosphate oxidase is a novel therapeutic target and regulated by the TGF-β signalling pathway in epithelial ovarian cancer. Cell Death Dis. 2017 Dec 13;8(12):3214. [Content Brief]
[6]. Nakamura S, et al., Pyridoxal phosphate prevents progression of diabetic nephropathy. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2007 Aug;22(8):2165-74. [Content Brief]
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DMSO / H2O | 1 mM | 3.7713 mL | 18.8565 mL | 37.7131 mL | 94.2827 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.7543 mL | 3.7713 mL | 7.5426 mL | 18.8565 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.3771 mL | 1.8857 mL | 3.7713 mL | 9.4283 mL | |
| 15 mM | 0.2514 mL | 1.2571 mL | 2.5142 mL | 6.2855 mL | |
| H2O | 20 mM | 0.1886 mL | 0.9428 mL | 1.8857 mL | 4.7141 mL |
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate monohydrate Related Classifications
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