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Atrial fibrillation

" in MedChemExpress (MCE) Product Catalog:

By Targets:	Adenosine Receptor (4) Adrenergic Receptor (9) Akt (1) Apoptosis (1) Autophagy (4) Calcium Channel (16) Calmodulin (3) COX (1) Cytochrome P450 (4) Drug Derivative (2) Drug Intermediate (1) Drug Metabolite (2) ERK (1) Factor Xa (2) Gap Junction Protein (2) Histone Methyltransferase (1) Interleukin Related (2) Isotope-Labeled Compounds (6) JNK (1) mAChR (7) MMP (1) Na+/K+ ATPase (2) NF-κB (1) NO Synthase (1) NOD-like Receptor (NLR) (2) P-glycoprotein (1) p38 MAPK (1) PI3K (1) Potassium Channel (40) Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) (1) Reference Standards (11) Sodium Channel (19) Thrombin (6)
By Research Areas:	Cancer (5) Cardiovascular Disease (72) Inflammation/Immunology (11) Neurological Disease (6)

By Targets:

Adenosine Receptor (4)

Adrenergic Receptor (9)

Akt (1)

Apoptosis (1)

Autophagy (4)

Calcium Channel (16)

Calmodulin (3)

COX (1)

Cytochrome P450 (4)

Drug Derivative (2)

Drug Intermediate (1)

Drug Metabolite (2)

ERK (1)

Factor Xa (2)

Gap Junction Protein (2)

Histone Methyltransferase (1)

Interleukin Related (2)

Isotope-Labeled Compounds (6)

JNK (1)

mAChR (7)

MMP (1)

Na+/K+ ATPase (2)

NF-κB (1)

NO Synthase (1)

NOD-like Receptor (NLR) (2)

P-glycoprotein (1)

p38 MAPK (1)

PI3K (1)

Potassium Channel (40)

Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) (1)

Reference Standards (11)

Sodium Channel (19)

Thrombin (6)

By Research Areas:

Cancer (5)

Cardiovascular Disease (72)

Inflammation/Immunology (11)

Neurological Disease (6)

Inhibitors & Agonists

Peptides

Natural
Products

Isotope-Labeled Compounds

Cat. No.	Product Name	Target	Research Areas	Chemical Structure

HY-10274

Dabigatran etexilate 4 Publications Verification BIBR 1048	Thrombin	Cardiovascular Disease
Dabigatran etexilate (BIBR 1048) is an orally active proagent of Dabigatran (a direct inhibitor of thrombin). Dabigatran etexilate has anticoagulant effects and is used for the prophylaxis of venousthromboembolism and stroke due to atrial fibrillation .

HY-A0016

Dronedarone 4 Publications Verification SR 33589	mAChR Sodium Channel Calcium Channel Adrenergic Receptor Cytochrome P450 Autophagy	Cardiovascular Disease
Dronedarone (SR 33589), a derivative of amiodarone (HY-14187), is a class III antiarrhythmic agent for the study of atrial fibrillation (AF) and atrial flutter. Dronedarone is a potent blocker of multiple ion currents, including potassium current, sodium current, and L-type calcium current, and exhibits antiadrenergic effects by noncompetitive binding to β-adrenergic receptors. Dronedarone is a substrate for and a moderate inhibitor of CYP3A4 .

HY-A0154

Deslanoside Deacetyllanatoside C; Desacetyllanatoside C	Na+/K+ ATPase Drug Metabolite	Cardiovascular Disease
Deslanoside (Desacetyllanatoside C) is a rapidly acting cardiac glycoside used to treat congestive heart failure and supraventricular arrhythmias due to reentry mechanisms, and to control ventricular rate in the treatment of chronic atrial fibrillation. Deslanoside inhibits the Na-K-ATPase membrane pump, resulting in an increase in intracellular sodium and calcium concentrations .

HY-B0551

Doxapram	Potassium Channel	Neurological Disease
Doxapram is a respiratory stimulant. Doxapram increases breathing rate and depth by acting on the brain's respiratory centers and peripheral chemoreceptors. Doxapram inhibits TASK-1, TASK-3, TASK-1/TASK-3 heterodimeric channel function with EC₅₀s of 410 nM, 37 μM, 9 μM, respectively. Doxapram inhibits the Ca²⁺-activated potassium current (IC₅₀ ≈ 13 μM) and Ca²⁺-independent potassium current (IC₅₀ ≈ 20 μM) in type I cells of the carotid body. Doxapram significantly prolongs the effective refractory period of the atrium and has an anti-arrhythmic effect. Doxapram can be used for the study of respiratory depression such as post-anesthesia respiratory depression, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and apnea of prematurity .

HY-136661

(-)-N6-Phenylisopropyl adenosine L-Phenylisopropyladenosine; L-PIA; R-PIA	Adenosine Receptor	Cardiovascular Disease Neurological Disease
(-)-N6-phenylisopropyl adenosine (L-Phenylisopropyladenosine) is a selective A1 adenosine receptor agonist. (-)-N6-phenylisopropyl adenosine inhibits K ⁺-induced Ca ²⁺ uptake with an IC₅₀ value of 0.5 µM. (-)-N6-phenylisopropyl adenosine protects against ischemia-induced ventricular arrhythmias and atrial fibrillation, and exacerbates ethanol withdrawal symptoms. (-)-N6-phenylisopropyl adenosine also has analgesic effects .

HY-103175

PSB36 1 Publications Verification	Adenosine Receptor	Cardiovascular Disease Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology
PSB36 is a highly selective A₁ adenosine receptor antagonist, with a K_i of 0.12 nM and a K_d of 0.7 nM. Systemic administration of PSB36 reduces formalin- and Carrageenan (HY-125474)-induced edema in mice and decreases pain-related behaviors, with no local paw activity. PSB36 prolongs the APD₉₀ of rat and human atria, produces a frequency-dependent prolongation of rat atrial ERP, increases the diastolic threshold of rat atria, and shortens the duration of atrial fibrillation episodes. PSB36 can be used in research related to inflammatory pain, inflammatory hyperalgesia, edema and atrial fibrillation .

HY-106225

Rotigaptide 1 Publications Verification ZP123	Gap Junction Protein	Cardiovascular Disease
Rotigaptide (ZP123) is a novel and specific modulator of connexin 43 (Cx43). Rotigaptide prevents the uncoupling of Cx43-mediated gap junction communication and normalizes cell-to-cell communication during acute metabolic stress. Rotigaptide is a potent antiarrhythmic peptide (AAP) with improved stability and has the potential for the investigation of cardiac arrhythmias-specifically atrial fibrillation .

HY-10274A

Dabigatran etexilate mesylate 4 Publications Verification BIBR 1048MS; Dabigatran etexilate methanesulfonate	Thrombin	Cardiovascular Disease
Dabigatran etexilate mesylate (BIBR 1048MS) is an orally active proagent of Dabigatran (a direct inhibitor of thrombin). Dabigatran etexilate mesylate has anticoagulant effects and is used for the prophylaxis of venousthromboembolism and stroke due to atrial fibrillation .

HY-34350

2-(Aminomethyl)phenol 2-Hydroxybenzylamine; o-Hydroxybenzylamine; 2-HOBA	Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)	Cardiovascular Disease Inflammation/Immunology
2-(Aminomethyl)phenol (2-Hydroxybenzylamine) is a selective dicarbonyl scavenger. 2-(Aminomethyl)phenol is an antioxidant and scavanger of free radicals and isolevuglandins (IsoLGs). 2-(Aminomethyl)phenol can prevent early recurrence of atrial fibrillation. 2-(Aminomethyl)phenol can reduce inflammation and plaque apoptotic cells and promote efferocytosis and features of stable plaques. 2-(Aminomethyl)phenol can reduce malondialdehyde (MDA)-LDL and MDA-HDL levels in Ldlr ^-/- mouse model. 2-(Aminomethyl)phenol can be studied in the research of inflammation and cardiovascular disease, such as atherosclerosis, early recurrence of atrial fibrillation (AF) and arrhythmias .

HY-17494

Timolol (S)-L-714,465; MK 950 free base	Adrenergic Receptor	Cardiovascular Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
Timolol is a β-blocker available for both topical and systemic administration. Topical Timolol is primarily used to reduce intraocular pressure with open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension. Timolol can also be used for the research of infantile hemangiomas, hypertension, myocardial infarction, migraine prophylaxis, and atrial fibrillation.Timolol also has cardioprotective effect .

HY-100712

DPO-1 1 Publications Verification	Potassium Channel Calcium Channel NOD-like Receptor (NLR) Interleukin Related	Cardiovascular Disease Inflammation/Immunology
DPO-1 is a potent Kv1.5 and Kv1.3 (EC₅₀ = 3.1 μM) channels inhibitor with potential immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects. DPO-1 reduces Kv1.3 current density, blunts Ca ²⁺ influx in Ca ²⁺-depleted Jurkat cells, and inhibits IL-2 secretion in activated Jurkat cells. DPO-1 inhibits Uric acid sodium (HY-B2130A) (MSU)-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation by blocking Kv1.5-mediated K ⁺ efflux. DPO-1 can be used for the study of immunologic disorders and atrial fibrillation .

HY-119124

Edoxaban M4 D21-2393	Factor Xa	Cardiovascular Disease Inflammation/Immunology
Edoxaban M4 (D21-2393) is an orally active and selective Factor Xa inhibitor with a human Factor Xa IC₅₀ of 1.8 nM. Edoxaban M4 exhibits anticoagulant activity via Factor Xa inhibition. Edoxaban M4 can be used for the research of non-valvular atrial fibrillation, venous thromboembolisms, pulmonary embolism .

HY-157557

AP30663	Potassium Channel	Cardiovascular Disease
AP30663 is a KCa2 channel inhibitor that can be used for the study of atrial fibrillation .

HY-16738A

Eleclazine hydrochloride 2 Publications Verification GS 6615 hydrochloride	Sodium Channel Potassium Channel	Cardiovascular Disease
Eleclazine (GS 6615) hydrochloride is a selective cardiac late sodium current inhibitor and a weak inhibitor of potassium current with IC₅₀ value of <1 μM and approximately 14.2 μM, respectively. Eleclazine hydrochloride shows concurrent protection against autonomically induced atrial premature beats, repolarization alternans and heterogeneity, and atrial fibrillation in porcine model. Eleclazine hydrochloride can be used to research cardiac arrhythmias .

HY-P1604

ATX-II 1 Publications Verification	Sodium Channel	Cardiovascular Disease Inflammation/Immunology
ATX-II is a selective sodium channel modulator toxin. ATX-II enhances late sodium current, prevents full sodium channel inactivation, and generates persistent current fractions. ATX-II has pro-arrhythmic effect. ATX-II slows intrinsic heart rate, prolongs QT interval and sinus node recovery time, and causes sinus pauses and arrests. ATX-II can be used for the research of atrial fibrillation, long QT syndrome, and long QT3 syndrome .

HY-P1604A

ATX-II TFA 1 Publications Verification	Sodium Channel	Cardiovascular Disease Inflammation/Immunology
ATX-II TFA is a selective sodium channel modulator toxin. ATX-II TFA enhances late sodium current, prevents full sodium channel inactivation, and generates persistent current fractions. ATX-II TFA has pro-arrhythmic effect. ATX-II TFA slows intrinsic heart rate, prolongs QT interval and sinus node recovery time, and causes sinus pauses and arrests. ATX-II TFA can be used for the research of atrial fibrillation, long QT syndrome, and long QT3 syndrome .

HY-18600A

Azimilide dihydrochloride 2 Publications Verification NE-10064 dihydrochloride	Potassium Channel Calcium Channel Sodium Channel	Cardiovascular Disease
Azimilide (NE-10064) dihydrochloride is a class III antiarrhythmic agent, which works by blocking potassium channels in the heart. Azimilide dihydrochloride is a dual blocker of I_Ks (IC₅₀ = 2.6 μM (2mM [K⁺]ₑ)) and I_Kr (IC₅₀ = 1 μM (4 mM [K⁺])). Azimilide dihydrochloride blocked HERG channel at 0.1 and 1 Hz with IC₅₀s of 1.4 μM and 5.2 μM respectively. Azimilide dihydrochloride also inhibits L-type calcium current (I_Ca) (IC₅₀ = 17.8 μM) and sodium current (I_Na) (IC₅₀ = 19 μM). Azimilide dihydrochloride can be used for the study of atrial fibrillation and ventricular fibrillation .

HY-112544

IK1 inhibitor PA-6 1 Publications Verification PA-6	Potassium Channel	Cardiovascular Disease
IK1 inhibitor PA-6 (PA-6), a pentamidine analogue, is a selective and potent I_K1 (K_IR2.x ion-channel-carried inward rectifier current) inhibitor, with IC₅₀ values of 12-15 nM for human and mouse K_IR2.x currents. IK1 inhibitor PA-6 (PA-6) elevates K_IR2.1 protein expression and induces intracellular K_IR2.1 accumulation. IK1 inhibitor PA-6 (PA-6) has the potential to treat atrial fibrillation and arrhythmia .

HY-108579

UCL 1684 dibromide	Potassium Channel	Cardiovascular Disease
UCL 1684 (dibromide) is a first nanomolar, non-peptidic small conductance calcium-activated potassium (SK) channel blocker. UCL 1684 (dibromide) is effective in preventing the development of atrial fibrillation due to potent atrial-selective inhibition of I_Na. UCL 1684 (dibromide) causes atrial-selective prolongation of ERP secondary to induction of postrepolarization refractoriness .

HY-A0236

Aprindine	Sodium Channel Potassium Channel Calcium Channel Calmodulin	Cardiovascular Disease
Aprindine is an Ib-class anti-arrhythmic agent. Aprindine mainly exerts its effect by blocking sodium channels (I_Na), thereby reducing the excitability and conduction velocity of cardiac muscle cells. Aprindine significantly inhibits delayed potassium currents, which helps to prolong the atrial effective refractory period (AERP) and inhibit the occurrence of atrial fibrillation. Aprindine can also regulate intracellular calcium ion concentration by inhibiting Na ⁺/Ca ²⁺ exchange current (INCX), thereby further stabilizing cardiac electrical activity. Aprindine can be used for the study of atrial fibrillation (AF) and ventricular arrhythmias .

HY-126486

AVE1231 A293	Potassium Channel	Cardiovascular Disease
AVE1231 (A293) is a dual-pore potassium channel TASK-1 inhibitor. AVE1231 blocks carbamoylcholine chloride (HY-B1208)-activated IKACh (IC₅₀=8.4 μM). AVE1231 can be used in the study of arrhythmias and atrial fibrillation .

HY-18600

Azimilide 2 Publications Verification NE-10064	Potassium Channel Calcium Channel Sodium Channel	Cardiovascular Disease
Azimilide (NE-10064) is a class III antiarrhythmic agent, which works by blocking potassium channels in the heart. Azimilide is a dual blocker of I_Ks (IC₅₀ = 2.6 μM (2mM [K⁺]ₑ)) and I_Kr (IC₅₀ = 1 μM (4 mM [K⁺])). Azimilide blocked HERG channel at 0.1 and 1 Hz with IC₅₀s of 1.4 μM and 5.2 μM respectively. Azimilide also inhibits L-type calcium current (I_Ca) (IC₅₀ = 17.8 μM) and sodium current (I_Na) (IC₅₀ = 19 μM). Azimilide can be used for the study of atrial fibrillation and ventricular fibrillation .

HY-150682

FXIa-IN-9	Factor Xa	Cardiovascular Disease
FXIa-IN-9 (compound 3f) is a potent and selective FXIa inhibitor. FXIa-IN-9 can bind with FXIa and form hydrogen bond (human FXIa K_i: 0.17 nM, rabbit FXIa K_i: 0.5 nM). FXIa-IN-9 also has anticoagulant activity, and can be used in the research of thromboembolic diseases such as atrial fibrillation, stroke, myocardial infarction, deep vein thrombosis, and pulmonary embolism .

HY-100795A

Pirmenol hydrochloride (±)-Pirmenol hydrochloride; CI-845	mAChR Potassium Channel	Cardiovascular Disease
Pirmenol ((±)-Pirmenol) hydrochloride is an orally active antiarrhythmic agent. Pirmenol hydrochloride inhibits I_K.ACh (IC₅₀: 0.1 μM) by blocking mAchR. Pirmenol hydrochloride can be used in the research of cardiovascular disease, such as atrial fibrillation .

HY-122033

MK-0448	Potassium Channel	Cardiovascular Disease
MK-0448 is a specific Kv1.5 inhibitor used in the research of atrial fibrillation .

HY-A0236A

Aprindine hydrochloride	Sodium Channel Potassium Channel Calcium Channel Calmodulin	Cardiovascular Disease
Aprindine hydrochloride is an Ib-class anti-arrhythmic agent. Aprindine hydrochloride mainly exerts its effect by blocking sodium channels (I_Na), thereby reducing the excitability and conduction velocity of cardiac muscle cells. Aprindine hydrochloride significantly inhibits delayed potassium currents, which helps to prolong the atrial effective refractory period (AERP) and inhibit the occurrence of atrial fibrillation. Aprindine hydrochloride can also regulate intracellular calcium ion concentration by inhibiting Na ⁺/Ca ²⁺ exchange current (INCX), thereby further stabilizing cardiac electrical activity. Aprindine hydrochloride can be used for the study of atrial fibrillation (AF) and ventricular arrhythmias .

HY-118387

AVE-0118	Potassium Channel	Cardiovascular Disease
AVE-0118 is a Kv1.5 potassium channel blocker and antiarrhythmic agent. AVE-0118 blocks neuronal Kv1.5 potassium channels, thereby enhancing the release of norepinephrine. AVE-0118 enhances field stimulation-induced neurogenic contraction, an effect sensitive to α1-adrenergic receptor blockade. AVE-0118 terminates persistent atrial fibrillation in some dogs. AVE-0118 is applicable to research related to atrial fibrillation and persistent atrial fibrillation .

HY-10274R

Dabigatran etexilate (Standard) BIBR 1048 (Standard)	Reference Standards Thrombin	Cardiovascular Disease
Dabigatran etexilate (Standard) is the analytical standard of Dabigatran etexilate. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Dabigatran etexilate (BIBR 1048) is an orally active proagent of Dabigatran (a direct inhibitor of thrombin). Dabigatran etexilate has anticoagulant effects and is used for the prophylaxis of venousthromboembolism and stroke due to atrial fibrillation .

HY-16738

Eleclazine 2 Publications Verification GS-6615	Sodium Channel Potassium Channel	Cardiovascular Disease
Eleclazine (GS 6615) is a selective cardiac late sodium current inhibitor and a weak inhibitor of potassium current with IC₅₀ of <1 μM and approximately 14.2 μM, respectively. Eleclazine shows concurrent protection against autonomically induced atrial premature beats, repolarization alternans and heterogeneity, and atrial fibrillation in porcine model. Eleclazine can be used to research cardiac arrhythmias .

HY-10274S

Dabigatran etexilate-d13	Isotope-Labeled Compounds Thrombin	Cardiovascular Disease
Dabigatran etexilate-d₁₃ is the deuterium labeled Dabigatran etexilate. Dabigatran etexilate (BIBR 1048) is an orally active proagent of Dabigatran. Dabigatran etexilate has anticoagulant effects and is used for the prophylaxis of venousthromboembolism and stroke due to atrial fibrillation .

HY-123793

MK-1832	Potassium Channel P-glycoprotein	Cardiovascular Disease
MK-1832 (Compound 32) is a selective Kv1.5 inhibitor (IC₅₀ = 86 nM). MK-1832 is a P-glycoprotein substrate. MK-1832 can be used in atrial fibrillation research .

HY-100795

Pirmenol (±)-Pirmenol; CI-845 free base	mAChR Potassium Channel	Cardiovascular Disease
Pirmenol is an orally active antiarrhythmic agent. Pirmenol inhibits I_K.ACh (IC₅₀: 0.1 μM) by blocking mAchR. Pirmenol can be used in the research of cardiovascular disease, such as atrial fibrillation .

HY-14834

Budiodarone ATI-2042	Potassium Channel Sodium Channel Calcium Channel	Cardiovascular Disease
Budiodarone (ATI-2042) is an analogue of Amiodarone (HY-14187) with a half-life of 7 h. Budiodarone inhibits sodium, potassium, and calcium ion channels. Budiodarone is an antiarrhythmic agent and can be used for the research of atrial fibrillation .

HY-14182

Vernakalant RSD1235	Potassium Channel	Cardiovascular Disease
Vernakalant(RSD-1235) is an investigational mixed ion channel blocker that can terminate acute atrial fibrillation (AF) in humans at 2 to 5 mg/kg and may be more atrial-selective than available agents; in treatment of antiarrhythmic.

HY-147256

Cavutilide Niferidil free base	Potassium Channel	Cardiovascular Disease
Cavutilide (Niferidil (free base)) is a class III antiarrhythmic agent that inhibits hERG K ⁺ channel. Cavutilide has the potential for the study of persistent atrial fibrillation .

HY-A0016S

Dronedarone-d6 hydrochloride	Isotope-Labeled Compounds mAChR Sodium Channel Calcium Channel Adrenergic Receptor Cytochrome P450 Autophagy	Cardiovascular Disease
Dronedarone-d₆ (hydrochloride) is the deuterium labeled Dronedarone. Dronedarone hydrochloride, a derivative of Amiodarone (HY-14187), is a class III antiarrhythmic agent for the study of atrial fibrillation (AF) and atrial flutter. Dronedarone hydrochloride is a potent blocker of multiple ion currents, including potassium current, sodium current, and L-type calcium current, and exhibits antiadrenergic effects by noncompetitive binding to β-adrenergic receptors. Dronedarone hydrochloride is a substrate for and a moderate inhibitor of CYP3A4 .

HY-106225R

Rotigaptide (Standard) ZP123 (Standard)	Reference Standards Gap Junction Protein	Cardiovascular Disease
Rotigaptide (Standard) is the analytical standard of Rotigaptide. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Rotigaptide (ZP123) is a novel and specific modulator of connexin 43 (Cx43). Rotigaptide prevents the uncoupling of Cx43-mediated gap junction communication and normalizes cell-to-cell communication during acute metabolic stress. Rotigaptide is a potent antiarrhythmic peptide (AAP) with improved stability and has the potential for the investigation of cardiac arrhythmias-specifically?atrial fibrillation .

HY-154832

Cav 3.2 inhibitor 4	Calcium Channel	Cardiovascular Disease
Cav 3.2 inhibitor 4 (compound 21) is a potent, peripherally restricted, selective T-type calcium channel (Ca_v3.2) inhibitor, with an IC₅₀ of 0.6 μM. Cav 3.2 inhibitor 4 can be used for the research of atrial fibrillation .

HY-103179

SDZ-WAG994 WAG-994; N6-Cyclohexy-2'-0-methyladenosine	Adenosine Receptor	Cardiovascular Disease
SDZ-WAG994 (WAG-994) is a stable, long-acting, selective and orally active A1-adenosine receptor agonist with a K_D of 23 nM. SDZ-WAG994 can be used for the research of atrial fibrillation .

HY-111245

AZD-1305	Potassium Channel Calcium Channel Sodium Channel	Cardiovascular Disease Neurological Disease
AZD-1305 is an antiarrhythmic agent and atrial selective sodium channel/potassium channel blocker, which can significantly prolongs action potential duration and reduces excitability, cause atrial selective ERP prolongation and acute termination of atrial fibrillation. AZD1305 can be used for atrial fibrillation research .

HY-19886

F 16915	Drug Intermediate	Cardiovascular Disease
F 16915, a Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA, HY-B2167) derivative, is a potent pro-agent of DHA. F 16915 can prevent heart failure-induced atrial fibrillation .

HY-14186

KVI-020 WYE-160020	Potassium Channel	Cardiovascular Disease
KVI-020 is an orally active, potent and selective blocker of the atrial potassium channel Kv1.5, with an IC₅₀ of 480 nM. KVI-020 can inhibits hERG, with an IC₅₀ of 15100 nM. KVI-020 is a potent antiarrhythmic agent, and can be used for atrial fibrillation (AF) research .

HY-106207

Celivarone SSR149744C	Drug Derivative	Cardiovascular Disease
Celivarone (SSR149744C) is a orally active noniodinated benzofuran derivative with antiarrhythmic properties. Celivarone has the potential for atrial fibrillation and in ventricular arrhythmias research .

HY-W705705

NIP 142	Calcium Channel Potassium Channel Sodium Channel	Cardiovascular Disease
NIP-142 is a benzopyran derivative with multiple ion channel-blocking effects. NIP-142 selectively blocks the potassium ion channels enriched in atrial muscle, prolonging the effective refractory period (ERP) and action potential duration (APD) of the atrium, while having minimal effect on ventricular repolarization. NIP-142 also inhibits L-type/T-type calcium channels and sodium channels, further contributing to its anti-arrhythmic effect. NIP-142 shows significant efficacy in various atrial fibrillation models. NIP-142 can be used for research on arrhythmias .

HY-162246

Nav1.8-IN-5	Sodium Channel	Cardiovascular Disease Neurological Disease
Nav1.8-IN-5 (Example 1) is a voltage-gated sodium channel Nav1.8 inhibitor. Nav1.8-IN-5 can be used for Nav1.8-mediated diseases, such as pain and pain-related disorders, as well as cardiovascular diseases (such as atrial fibrillation) research .

HY-144801A

DDO-02005	Potassium Channel	Cardiovascular Disease
DDO-02005 is a potent Kv1.5 potassium channel inhibitor with an IC₅₀ value of 0.72 μM. DDO-02005 has good anti-atrial fibrillation (AF) effect in CaCl₂-ACh AF rats model and effective anti-arrhythmic activity caused by aconitine .

HY-120355

AP14145	Potassium Channel	Cardiovascular Disease
AP14145 is an inhibitor for small conductance calcium-activated potassium channel, inhibits K_Ca2.2 channel and K_Ca channel with IC₅₀ of 1.1 μM and 1.1 μM. AP14145 prolongs atrial effective refractory period (AERP) in rats, causes the conversion of atrial fibrillation to sinus rhythum in porcine left ventricular dysfunction models, and exhibits antiarrhythmic effect .

HY-144801

DDO-02005 free base	Potassium Channel	Cardiovascular Disease
DDO-02005 (free base) is a potent Kv1.5 potassium channel inhibitor with an IC₅₀ value of 0.72 μM. DDO-02005 (free base) has good anti-atrial fibrillation (AF) effect in CaCl₂-ACh AF rats model and effective anti-arrhythmic activity caused by aconitine .

HY-10274AR

Dabigatran etexilate mesylate (Standard) BIBR 1048MS (Standard); Dabigatran etexilate methanesulfonate (Standard)	Reference Standards Thrombin	Cardiovascular Disease
Dabigatran etexilate (mesylate) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Dabigatran etexilate (mesylate). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Dabigatran etexilate mesylate (BIBR 1048MS) is an orally active proagent of Dabigatran (a direct inhibitor of thrombin). Dabigatran etexilate mesylate has anticoagulant effects and is used for the prophylaxis of venousthromboembolism and stroke due to atrial fibrillation .

HY-120355A

AP14145 hydrochloride	Potassium Channel	Cardiovascular Disease
AP14145 hydrochloride is a potent K_Ca2 (SK) channel negative allosteric modulator with an IC₅₀ of 1.1 μM for K_Ca2.2 (SK2) and K_Ca2.3 (SK3) channels. AP14145 hydrochloride inhibition strongly depends on two amino acids, S508 and A533 in the channel. AP14145 hydrochloride prolonged atrial effective refractory period (AERP) in rats and demonstrates antiarrhythmic effects in a Vernakalant-resistant porcine model of atrial fibrillation (AF) .

Cat. No.	Product Name	Target	Research Area

HY-P1604

ATX-II 1 Publications Verification	Sodium Channel	Cardiovascular Disease Inflammation/Immunology
ATX-II is a selective sodium channel modulator toxin. ATX-II enhances late sodium current, prevents full sodium channel inactivation, and generates persistent current fractions. ATX-II has pro-arrhythmic effect. ATX-II slows intrinsic heart rate, prolongs QT interval and sinus node recovery time, and causes sinus pauses and arrests. ATX-II can be used for the research of atrial fibrillation, long QT syndrome, and long QT3 syndrome .

HY-P1604A

ATX-II TFA 1 Publications Verification	Sodium Channel	Cardiovascular Disease Inflammation/Immunology
ATX-II TFA is a selective sodium channel modulator toxin. ATX-II TFA enhances late sodium current, prevents full sodium channel inactivation, and generates persistent current fractions. ATX-II TFA has pro-arrhythmic effect. ATX-II TFA slows intrinsic heart rate, prolongs QT interval and sinus node recovery time, and causes sinus pauses and arrests. ATX-II TFA can be used for the research of atrial fibrillation, long QT syndrome, and long QT3 syndrome .

Cat. No.	Product Name	Category	Target	Chemical Structure

HY-A0154

Deslanoside Deacetyllanatoside C; Desacetyllanatoside C	Digitalis purpurea Linn. Cardiovascular Disease Structural Classification Classification of Application Fields Cardiacglycosides Scrophulariaceae Plants Disease Research Fields Steroids Source Classification	Na+/K+ ATPase Drug Metabolite
Deslanoside (Desacetyllanatoside C) is a rapidly acting cardiac glycoside used to treat congestive heart failure and supraventricular arrhythmias due to reentry mechanisms, and to control ventricular rate in the treatment of chronic atrial fibrillation. Deslanoside inhibits the Na-K-ATPase membrane pump, resulting in an increase in intracellular sodium and calcium concentrations .

HY-34350

2-(Aminomethyl)phenol 2-Hydroxybenzylamine; o-Hydroxybenzylamine; 2-HOBA	Cardiovascular Disease Monophenols Reseda odorata L. Oleaceae Classification of Application Fields Phenols Plants Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields	Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)
2-(Aminomethyl)phenol (2-Hydroxybenzylamine) is a selective dicarbonyl scavenger. 2-(Aminomethyl)phenol is an antioxidant and scavanger of free radicals and isolevuglandins (IsoLGs). 2-(Aminomethyl)phenol can prevent early recurrence of atrial fibrillation. 2-(Aminomethyl)phenol can reduce inflammation and plaque apoptotic cells and promote efferocytosis and features of stable plaques. 2-(Aminomethyl)phenol can reduce malondialdehyde (MDA)-LDL and MDA-HDL levels in Ldlr ^-/- mouse model. 2-(Aminomethyl)phenol can be studied in the research of inflammation and cardiovascular disease, such as atherosclerosis, early recurrence of atrial fibrillation (AF) and arrhythmias .

HY-A0154R

Deslanoside (Standard) Deacetyllanatoside C (Standard); Desacetyllanatoside C (Standard)	Digitalis purpurea Linn. Structural Classification Cardiacglycosides Scrophulariaceae Plants Steroids Source Classification	Reference Standards Na+/K+ ATPase Drug Metabolite
Deslanoside (Standard) is the analytical standard of Deslanoside. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Deslanoside (Desacetyllanatoside C) is a rapidly acting cardiac glycoside used to treat congestive heart failure and supraventricular arrhythmias due to reentry mechanisms, and to control ventricular rate in the treatment of chronic atrial fibrillation. Deslanoside inhibits the Na-K-ATPase membrane pump, resulting in an increase in intracellular sodium and calcium concentrations .

HY-N0747R

Oxypeucedanin (Standard)	Structural Classification Chrysanthemum × morifolium (Ramat.) Hemsl. Coumarins Phenylpropanoids Umbelliferae Plants Source Classification	Reference Standards Potassium Channel Apoptosis PI3K NF-κB Akt p38 MAPK ERK COX NO Synthase JNK
Oxypeucedanin (Standard) is a furanocoumarin derivative found in Angelica dahurica. Oxypeucedanin (Standard) is an orally active PI3K/AKT/NF-κB, MAPK, and ROS inhibitor. Oxypeucedanin (Standard) induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Oxypeucedanin (Standard) inhibits hKv1.5 channel currents (IC₅₀: 76 nM). Oxypeucedanin (Standard) exhibits anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antiarrhythmic activities .

Cat. No.	Product Name	Chemical Structure

HY-10274S

Dabigatran etexilate-d13
Dabigatran etexilate-d₁₃ is the deuterium labeled Dabigatran etexilate. Dabigatran etexilate (BIBR 1048) is an orally active proagent of Dabigatran. Dabigatran etexilate has anticoagulant effects and is used for the prophylaxis of venousthromboembolism and stroke due to atrial fibrillation .

HY-A0016S

Dronedarone-d6 hydrochloride

Dronedarone-d₆ (hydrochloride) is the deuterium labeled Dronedarone. Dronedarone hydrochloride, a derivative of Amiodarone (HY-14187), is a class III antiarrhythmic agent for the study of atrial fibrillation (AF) and atrial flutter. Dronedarone hydrochloride is a potent blocker of multiple ion currents, including potassium current, sodium current, and L-type calcium current, and exhibits antiadrenergic effects by noncompetitive binding to β-adrenergic receptors. Dronedarone hydrochloride is a substrate for and a moderate inhibitor of CYP3A4 .

HY-A0016S3

Dronedarone-d6

Dronedarone-d₆ (SR 33589-d₆) is deuterium labeled Dronedarone. Dronedarone (SR 33589), a derivative of amiodarone (HY-14187), is a class III antiarrhythmic agent for the study of atrial fibrillation (AF) and atrial flutter. Dronedarone is a potent blocker of multiple ion currents, including potassium current, sodium current, and L-type calcium current, and exhibits antiadrenergic effects by noncompetitive binding to β-adrenergic receptors. Dronedarone is a substrate for and a moderate inhibitor of CYP3A4 .

HY-W705434

Dabigatran etexilate-d11
Dabigatran etexilate-d₁₁ (BIBR 1048-d₁₁) is the deuterium labeled Dabigatran etexilate (HY-10274). Dabigatran etexilate (BIBR 1048) is an orally active proagent of Dabigatran (a direct inhibitor of thrombin). Dabigatran etexilate has anticoagulant effects and is used for the prophylaxis of venousthromboembolism and stroke due to atrial fibrillation .

HY-17494S1

Timolol-d9 maleate

Timolol-d₉ (maleate) is deuterium labeled Timolol. Timolol is a β-blocker available for both topical and systemic administration. Topical Timolol is primarily used to reduce intraocular pressure with open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension. Timolol can also be used for the research of infantile hemangiomas, hypertension, myocardial infarction, migraine prophylaxis, and atrial fibrillation.Timolol also has cardioprotective effect .

HY-18600AS

Azimilide-d8 dihydrochloride

Azimilide-d₈ (NE-10064-d₈) dihydrochloride is the deuterium labeled Azimilide dihydrochloride (HY-18600A). Azimilide dihydrochloride is a class III antiarrhythmic agent, which works by blocking potassium channels in the heart. Azimilide dihydrochloride is a dual blocker of I_Ks (IC₅₀ = 2.6 μM (2mM [K⁺]ₑ)) and I_Kr (IC₅₀ = 1 μM (4 mM [K⁺])). Azimilide dihydrochloride blocked HERG channel at 0.1 and 1 Hz with IC₅₀s of 1.4 μM and 5.2 μM respectively. Azimilide dihydrochloride also inhibits L-type calcium current (I_Ca) (IC₅₀ = 17.8 μM) and sodium current (I_Na) (IC₅₀ = 19 μM). Azimilide dihydrochloride can be used for the study of atrial fibrillation and ventricular fibrillation .

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