Zonisamide
Based on 3 publication(s) in Google Scholar
Zonisamide (AD 810) is an orally active carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, with Kis of 35.2 and 20.6 nM for hCA II and hCA V, respectively. Zonisamide exerts neuroprotective effects through anti-apoptosis and upregulating MnSOD levels. Zonisamide also increases the expression of Hrd1, thereby improving cardiac function in AAC rats. Zonisamide can be used in studies of seizure, parkinson’s disease and cardiac hypertrophy.
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
- Purity: 99.95%
- CAS No.: 68291-97-4
- Formula: C8H8N2O3S
- Molecular Weight:212.23
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Storage:Powder -20°C, 3 years , 4°C, 2 years ; In solvent -80°C, 2 years , -20°C, 1 year
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Biological Activity
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Chemical Information
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Solvent & Solubility
- Purity & Documentation
- References
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Help & FAQs
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Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Zonisamide
More
Biological Activity
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CA Ⅱ |
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Cell Line
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Type | Value | Description | References |
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| Oocyte | IC50 |
3.3 μM
Compound: 4, ZNS
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Inhibition of human aquaporin 4 M23 isoform expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes
Inhibition of human aquaporin 4 M23 isoform expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes
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[PMID: 18178093] |
Zonisamide (10, 50, 100, 200 μM; 24 h) increases viability of SH-SY5Y cells via an anti-apoptotic effect[1].
Zonisamide (100 μM; 24 h) shows neuroprotective effects in PD-cellular models. (PD: parkinson’s disease)[1].
Zonisamide (100 μM; 24 h) reduces levels of proapoptotic molecules, and upregulates levels of MnSOD (MnSOD over-expression attenuates MPTP toxicity and protects cells from apoptosis)[1].
Zonisamide (0.1, 0.3, 1 μM; 24 h) inhibits cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis in vitro[3].
Zonisamide markedly increases the expression of Hrd1 in Ang II-treated NRCMs[3].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Cell Line:SH-SY5Y cells
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Concentration:10, 50, 100, 200 µM
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Incubation Time:24 h
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Result:Induced an increase of cell viability, and with the greatest effect being at 100 µM.
Exhibited neuroprotective effect on SH-SY5Y cells (PD-cellular models) when at 100 µM.
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Cell Line:SH-SY5Y cells
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Concentration:100 µM
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Incubation Time:24 h
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Result:Showed an effect of anti-apoptotic.
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Cell Line:NRCMs and cardiac fibroblasts (expose to Ang II for cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and fibrosis model)
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Concentration:0.1, 0.3, 1 μM
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Incubation Time:24 h
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Result:Decreased the expression of atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) and cardiomyosin heavy chain β (β-MHC) but increased the expression of cardiac myosin heavy chain α (α-MHC) in NRCMs.
Decreased cardiac expression of the fibrosis-related gene Collagen 1A1 (Col1A1) in cardiac fibroblasts.
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Cell Line:SH-SY5Y cells
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Concentration:100 µM
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Incubation Time:24 h
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Result:Reduced the proapoptotic molecules levels of cleaved caspase-9, -3, and p-JNK, and blocked the activation of proapoptotic molecules in SH-SY5Y cells. Induced an increase in MnSOD levels.(MnSOD over-expression attenuates MPTP toxicity and protects cells from apoptosis).
Zonisamide (14, 28, 56 mg/kg; i.p.; single daily for 6 weeks) alleviates cardiac hypertrophy and improved cardiac function in rats subjected to AAC (abdominal aortic constriction)[3].
Zonisamide (14, 28, 56 mg/kg; i.p.; single daily for 6 weeks) upregulates Hrd1 expression and accelerates ERAD in the hearts of AAC rats[3].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Animal Model:Male Wistar rats (200-250 g; FeCl3-induced chronic amygdalar seizures)[2].
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Dosage:40 mg/kg
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Administration:Intraperitoneal injection; single daily for 14 days.
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Result:Showed activity of anti-seizures.
Significantly down-regulated GABA transporters GAT-1 in the hippocampus.
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Animal Model:Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats (100-120 g; cardiac hypertrophy model)[3].
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Dosage:14, 28, 56 mg/kg
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Administration:Intraperitoneal injection; single daily for 6 weeks.
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Result:Significantly attenuated cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis.
Increased LV ejection fraction (EF), fractional shortening (FS) and E/A ratio.
Markedly increased the expression of Hrd1 in the hearts of AAC rats.
Chemical Information
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CAS No. 68291-97-4
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Appearance Solid
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Molecular Weight 212.23
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Formula C8H8N2O3S
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Color White to off-white
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SMILES
O=S(CC1=NOC2=C1C=CC=C2)(N)=O
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Synonyms
AD 810; CI 912
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Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Storage
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 2 years -20°C 1 year
Publications (3)
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Journal Impact Factor
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Most Recent
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EMBO Mol Med
2025 Jun;17(6):1325-1354. PMID: 40295888 -
ACS Environ Au
Machine Learning-Assisted Recognition of Environmental Sulfur-Containing Chemicals in Nontargeted Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Inadequate Mass Resolution. [Abstract]2025 Aug 5;5(6):573-582. PMID: 41277996 -
Anal Chem
Exposome-Scale Investigation of Cl-/Br-Containing Chemicals Using High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry, Multistage Machine Learning, and Cloud Computing. [Abstract]2025 Jun 3;97(21):11099-11109. PMID: 40401576
Solvent & Solubility
DMSO : 250 mg/mL (1177.97 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)
H2O : 0.67 mg/mL (3.16 mM; Need ultrasonic)
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.
- For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
- To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
- The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline
Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (9.80 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)
Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (9.80 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
For the following dissolution methods, please prepare the working solution directly:
It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions and use them promptly within a short period of time.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Add each solvent one by one: PBS
Solubility: 1 mg/mL (4.71 mM); Clear solution; Need ultrasonic and warming and heat to 60°C
Add each solvent one by one: 50% PEG300 50% Saline
Solubility: 25 mg/mL (117.80 mM); Clear solution; Need ultrasonic
Add each solvent one by one: 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline
Solubility: 5 mg/mL (23.56 mM); Clear solution; Need ultrasonic
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:
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Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
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%DMSO +
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
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%+
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+%Tween-80 + +
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%Saline +
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL DMSO. Stock solution concentration: mg/mL.
1. Take μL DMSO stock solution;
2. Add μL .
μL , mix evenly;
3. Then add μL Tween 80, mix evenly;
4. Then add μL
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Purity & Documentation
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Data Sheet (287 KB)
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SDS (557 KB)
- English - EN (557 KB)
- Français - FR (557 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (557 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (557 KB)
- Español - ES (557 KB)
- Swedish - SV (557 KB)
- Italian - IT (557 KB)
- Korean - KR (557 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (557 KB)
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Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
[1]. Kawajiri S, et al. Zonisamide reduces cell death in SH-SY5Y cells via an anti-apoptotic effect and by upregulating MnSOD. Neurosci Lett. 2010 Sep 6;481(2):88-91. [Content Brief]
[2]. Ueda Y, et al. Effect of zonisamide on molecular regulation of glutamate and GABA transporter proteins during epileptogenesis in rats with hippocampal seizures. Brain Res Mol Brain Res. 2003 Aug 19;116(1-2):1-6. [Content Brief]
[3]. Wu Q, et al. Zonisamide alleviates cardiac hypertrophy in rats by increasing Hrd1 expression and inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress. Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2021 Oct;42(10):1587-1597. [Content Brief]
[4]. De Simone G, et al. Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. Zonisamide is an effective inhibitor of the cytosolic isozyme II and mitochondrial isozyme V: solution and X-ray crystallographic studies. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2005 May 2;15(9):2315-20. [Content Brief]
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| H2O / DMSO | 1 mM | 4.7119 mL | 23.5593 mL | 47.1187 mL | 117.7967 mL |
| DMSO | 5 mM | 0.9424 mL | 4.7119 mL | 9.4237 mL | 23.5593 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.4712 mL | 2.3559 mL | 4.7119 mL | 11.7797 mL | |
| 15 mM | 0.3141 mL | 1.5706 mL | 3.1412 mL | 7.8531 mL | |
| 20 mM | 0.2356 mL | 1.1780 mL | 2.3559 mL | 5.8898 mL | |
| 25 mM | 0.1885 mL | 0.9424 mL | 1.8847 mL | 4.7119 mL | |
| 30 mM | 0.1571 mL | 0.7853 mL | 1.5706 mL | 3.9266 mL | |
| 40 mM | 0.1178 mL | 0.5890 mL | 1.1780 mL | 2.9449 mL | |
| 50 mM | 0.0942 mL | 0.4712 mL | 0.9424 mL | 2.3559 mL | |
| 60 mM | 0.0785 mL | 0.3927 mL | 0.7853 mL | 1.9633 mL | |
| 80 mM | 0.0589 mL | 0.2945 mL | 0.5890 mL | 1.4725 mL | |
| 100 mM | 0.0471 mL | 0.2356 mL | 0.4712 mL | 1.1780 mL |
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
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