2. Immunology/Inflammation Vitamin D Related/Nuclear Receptor TGF-beta/Smad
  3. Glucocorticoid Receptor TGF-β Receptor Interleukin Related
  4. Dexamethasone phosphate disodium

Dexamethasone phosphate disodium  (Synonyms: Dexamethasone 21-phosphate disodium)

Cat. No.: HY-B1829A Purity: 99.94%
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Dexamethasone phosphate (Dexamethasone 21-phosphate) disodium is a prodrug form of the glucocorticoid Dexamethasone (HY-14648). Dexamethasone phosphate disodium is produced by introducing a phosphate ester group at the 21-position of the Dexamethasone molecule, forming a salt with sodium ions, thereby significantly improving water solubility. Dexamethasone phosphate disodium inhibits LPS (HY-D1056)-induced degradation of IRAK-1 and IRAK-4, and blocks LPS-induced activation of TRAF6, p-TAK1 and p-JNK. Dexamethasone phosphate disodium inhibits the secretion of RANTES, TGF-β1 and NO, promotes the production of MIP-1α and IL-10, and blocks microglial migration. Dexamethasone phosphate disodium is almost completely converted to Dexamethasone in rat blood, and supports transdermal delivery via iontophoresis. Dexamethasone phosphate disodium can be used in research related to steroid-dependent ulcerative colitis, chemotherapy-induced vomiting, allergic asthma and acute colitis (inflammatory bowel disease).

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

CAS No. : 2392-39-4

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10 mM * 1 mL in Water
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Based on 11 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Other Forms of Dexamethasone phosphate disodium:

Dexamethasone phosphate disodium Related Antibodies

Top Publications Citing Use of Products

    Dexamethasone phosphate disodium purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Adv Sci (Weinh). 2025 Aug 8:e17129.  [Abstract]

    DXMS (2 mg/kg; twice daily; ip). Kaplan-Meier survival curves over a 7-day period comparing the Sham, CLP septic group, Emodin treatment group, and DXMS treatment group.

    Dexamethasone phosphate disodium purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Adv Sci (Weinh). 2025 Aug 8:e17129.  [Abstract]

    DXMS (2 mg/kg; twice daily; ip). Histopathological images showing tissue morphology and injury in the lung, liver, spleen, and kidney across the four experimental groups.

    Dexamethasone phosphate disodium purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Biochem Pharmacol. 2025 Dec 2:244:117586.  [Abstract]

    Masson-stained images of mice tibias. Masson staining indicated a marked decrease in new bone formation in DEX (Dexamethasone phosphate disodium, 1 mg/kg; i.p.; Once daily for 8 weeks)-treated mice.

    Dexamethasone phosphate disodium purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Biochem Pharmacol. 2025 Dec 2:244:117586.  [Abstract]

    DEX (1 μM; 24 h). The mRNA expression levels of p53, p21 and p16 of bone ECs were detected via qRT-PCR.

    Dexamethasone phosphate disodium purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Biochem Pharmacol. 2025 Dec 2:244:117586.  [Abstract]

    DEX (1 μM; 24 h). The protein expression of p53, p21, p16 and GAPDH was detected via Western blot and quantitative analysis.

    Dexamethasone phosphate disodium purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Sci Rep. 2025 Oct 14;15(1):35928.  [Abstract]

    Comparison of C3 mRNA levels between non-reactive astrocytes (Lucid), LPS-induced reactive astrocytes (LPS), and Dexamethasone phosphate disodium (DEX, 100 nM; 24 h)-reversed reactive astrocytes (LPS + DEX), with results normalized to the Lucid group (one-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni post hoc test).

    Dexamethasone phosphate disodium purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: MedComm. 2023 Jun 5;4(3):e293.  [Abstract]

    Dexamethasone phosphate disodium (DXM, 5 mg/kg; i.p.; single dose) significantly alleviated tissue damage in acute lung injury (ALI).

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    • Biological Activity

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    • References

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    Description

    Dexamethasone phosphate (Dexamethasone 21-phosphate) disodium is a prodrug form of the glucocorticoid Dexamethasone (HY-14648). Dexamethasone phosphate disodium is produced by introducing a phosphate ester group at the 21-position of the Dexamethasone molecule, forming a salt with sodium ions, thereby significantly improving water solubility. Dexamethasone phosphate disodium inhibits LPS (HY-D1056)-induced degradation of IRAK-1 and IRAK-4, and blocks LPS-induced activation of TRAF6, p-TAK1 and p-JNK. Dexamethasone phosphate disodium inhibits the secretion of RANTES, TGF-β1 and NO, promotes the production of MIP-1α and IL-10, and blocks microglial migration. Dexamethasone phosphate disodium is almost completely converted to Dexamethasone in rat blood, and supports transdermal delivery via iontophoresis. Dexamethasone phosphate disodium can be used in research related to steroid-dependent ulcerative colitis, chemotherapy-induced vomiting, allergic asthma and acute colitis (inflammatory bowel disease)[1][2][3][4][5][6].

    IC50 & Target

    Glucocorticoid receptor[1]
    In Vitro

    Dexamethasone phosphate disodium (1, 2, 4 μM; 23 h) does not induce cytotoxicity in BV-2 microglial cells[1].
    Dexamethasone phosphate disodium (1, 2, 4 μM; 3 h pre-incubation, followed by 24 h LPS co-incubation) dampens LPS-induced secretion of RANTES, TGF-β1, and NO in BV-2 microglial cells, while dexamethasone phosphate disodium (4 μM; 24 h incubation alone) has no inhibitory effect on these mediators[1].
    Dexamethasone phosphate disodium (4 μM; 3 h pre-incubation, followed by 24 h LPS co-incubation) increases LPS-reduced production of IL-10 and MIP-1α in BV-2 microglial cells, while dexamethasone phosphate disodium (4 μM; 24 h incubation alone) reduces IL-10 production in untreated BV-2 microglial cells[1].
    Dexamethasone phosphate disodium (4 μM; 3 h pre-incubation in lower chambers, followed by 18 h LPS co-incubation) mitigates LPS-induced migration of BV-2 microglial cells, while having no effect on migration of untreated BV-2 microglial cells when used at 4 μM for 18 h incubation alone[1].
    Dexamethasone phosphate disodium (1, 2, 4 μM; 3 h pre-incubation, followed by 30 min LPS co-incubation) ameliorates LPS-induced degradation of IRAK-1 and IRAK-4, and inhibits LPS-induced activation of TRAF6, p-TAK1, and p-JNK in BV-2 microglial cells[1].
    Dexamethasone phosphate disodium (5×10-6 M; 5-min intervals at 37°C) undergoes hydrolysis to Dexamethasone free alcohol in human whole blood in vitro with a first-order rate constant of 0.162 hr-1, which is 25-fold slower than its in vivo conversion rate[3].
    Dexamethasone phosphate disodium (200 μM; 7 h) shows good stability with limited hydrolysis when incubated with human, porcine, or rat dermis for 7 hours, with 72.5-82.2% of the prodrug remaining intact[4].
    Dexamethasone phosphate disodium (50.8-51.8% drug loading; heated at 20 °C min-1) intercalated into MgAl layered double hydroxides enhances the thermal stability of dexamethasone phosphate disodium, with its decomposition occurring at temperatures higher than those of free sexamethasone phosphate disodium[5].
    Dexamethasone phosphate disodium (50.8-51.8% drug loading) is successfully intercalated into MgAl layered double hydroxides via electrostatic interactions, with no denaturation of the drug molecules, as confirmed by preserved characteristic FT-IR bands and shifted phosphate group vibrations[5].
    Dexamethasone phosphate disodium (1.5 mg/mL; 50 hours) is efficiently encapsulated by the NPA2 coacervate, which mediates sustained release of the drug over 50 hours in a cell-free in vitro system[6].

    MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

    Dexamethasone phosphate disodium Related Antibodies
    In Vivo

    Dexamethasone phosphate disodium (40 mM; transdermal (cathodal iontophoresis); 0.5 mA cm-2; 5 hours) achieves significant plasma DEX levels, with a Cmax of 1.62 μg mL-1, and produces an in vivo flux of 1.66 μg cm-2 min-1 that matches the in vitro porcine skin flux in male Wistar rats[4].
    Dexamethasone phosphate disodium (0.25 mg/kg; i.p.; daily; 8 days) reduces asthma-related inflammation, cytokine production, and airway hyperresponsiveness in OVA-induced allergic asthma rats[5].
    Dexamethasone phosphate disodium (1.15 mg; p.o.; on days 1, 3, and 5) loaded in NPA2 coacervate significantly reduces DSS-induced acute colitis severity (mean histopathology score 0.500), restores gut barrier function and microbiota diversity, and maintains low, sustained systemic drug exposure[6].

    MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

    Animal Model: Sprague-Dawley (SD) (female)[5]
    Dosage: 0.25 mg/kg
    Administration: i.p.; daily; 8 days
    Result: Significantly reduced the number of eosinophils, macrophages, and neutrophils in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid compared to untreated OVA-challenged rats.
    Suppressed OVA-induced elevations of IL-4 and IL-13 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid.
    Significantly inhibited airway hyperresponsiveness to methacholine, with reduced pulmonary resistance at methacholine doses of 100 and 330 μg/kg compared to untreated OVA-challenged rats.
    Reduced peribronchial and perivascular inflammatory cell infiltration and airway wall thickening in lung tissue compared to untreated OVA-challenged rats.
    Animal Model: Sprague Dawley (SD) (female, 8-12 weeks, 200-300 g, dextran sulfate sodium-induced acute colitis)[6]
    Dosage: 1.15 mg
    Administration: p.o.; on days 1, 3, and 5
    Result: Reduced colon weight/length ratio to a mean value ~0.9 g/cm.
    Lowered mean histopathology score to 0.500.
    Significantly reduced colonic myeloperoxidase activity compared to untreated colitic rats.
    Restored mRNA levels of tight junction-associated proteins ZO-1 and occludin-1.
    Significantly reduced local mRNA levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF.
    Increased local mRNA levels of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10.
    Promoted M2 macrophage polarization.
    Increased gut microbiota richness (observed OTUs), Chao diversity, and Shannon diversity, with bacterial composition clustering closely to healthy rats.
    Molecular Weight

    516.40

    Formula

    C22H28FNa2O8P
    CAS No.
    Appearance

    Solid

    Color

    White to off-white

    SMILES

    O=C1C=C[C@@]2(C)C(CC[C@]3([H])[C@]2(F)[C@@H](O)C[C@@]4(C)[C@@]3([H])C[C@@H](C)[C@]4(O)C(COP(O[Na])(O[Na])=O)=O)=C1
    Shipping

    Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
    Storage

    4°C, sealed storage, away from moisture

    *In solvent : -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months (sealed storage, away from moisture)

    Solvent & Solubility
    In Vitro: 

    H2O : ≥ 100 mg/mL (193.65 mM)

    DMSO : 1 mg/mL (1.94 mM; ultrasonic and warming and heat to 80°C; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

    *"≥" means soluble, but saturation unknown.

    Preparing
    Stock Solutions
    Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
    1 mM 1.9365 mL 9.6824 mL 19.3648 mL
    5 mM 0.3873 mL 1.9365 mL 3.8730 mL
    View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

    * Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
    Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 1 year. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 6 months.

    * Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

    • Molarity Calculator

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    Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

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    Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

    This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

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    In Vivo:

    For the following dissolution methods, please prepare the working solution directly. It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions and use them promptly within a short period of time.
    The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

    • Protocol 1

      Add each solvent one by one:  PBS

      Solubility: 100 mg/mL (193.65 mM); Clear solution; Need ultrasonic

    In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
    Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

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    Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
    Calculation results:
    Working solution concentration: mg/mL
    This product has good water solubility, please refer to the measured solubility data in water/PBS/Saline for details.
    The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only.If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
    Purity & Documentation

    Purity: 99.94%

    SDS (418 KB)

    COA (255 KB) HNMR (308 KB) RP-HPLC (245 KB) MS (70 KB)

    Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
    References

    Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

    * Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
    Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 1 year. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 6 months.

    Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
    DMSO / H2O 1 mM 1.9365 mL 9.6824 mL 19.3648 mL 48.4121 mL
    H2O 5 mM 0.3873 mL 1.9365 mL 3.8730 mL 9.6824 mL
    10 mM 0.1936 mL 0.9682 mL 1.9365 mL 4.8412 mL
    15 mM 0.1291 mL 0.6455 mL 1.2910 mL 3.2275 mL
    20 mM 0.0968 mL 0.4841 mL 0.9682 mL 2.4206 mL
    25 mM 0.0775 mL 0.3873 mL 0.7746 mL 1.9365 mL
    30 mM 0.0645 mL 0.3227 mL 0.6455 mL 1.6137 mL
    40 mM 0.0484 mL 0.2421 mL 0.4841 mL 1.2103 mL
    50 mM 0.0387 mL 0.1936 mL 0.3873 mL 0.9682 mL
    60 mM 0.0323 mL 0.1614 mL 0.3227 mL 0.8069 mL
    80 mM 0.0242 mL 0.1210 mL 0.2421 mL 0.6052 mL
    100 mM 0.0194 mL 0.0968 mL 0.1936 mL 0.4841 mL

    * Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

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    Dexamethasone phosphate disodium Related Classifications

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      Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

    Keywords:

    Dexamethasone phosphate disodium2392-39-4Dexamethasone 21-phosphate disodiumGlucocorticoid ReceptorTGF-β ReceptorInterleukin RelatedTransforming growth factor beta receptorsILIRAK-4RANTESBV-2 microglial cellsp-JNKp-TAK1IL-10TGF-β1TRAF6IRAK-1MIP-1αInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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