Cellular Senescence

Methylnissolin (Astrapterocarpan) is an osteoclast inhibitor with anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective and antioxidant activities. Methylnissolin downregulates the activation of the MAPK and PI3K/AKT pathways, inhibits the phosphorylation of MAPK1 and AKT1, and blocks PDGF-BB-induced phosphorylation of ERK1/2. Methylnissolin reduces the expression and secretion of proinflammatory mediators, decreases intracellular ROS levels, upregulates antioxidant enzymes, and downregulates osteoclastogenesis markers. Methylnissolin is applicable to research related to ischemic stroke, osteoporosis, cardiovascular diseases, skin aging, etc.

PDRN (Polydeoxyribonucleotide) is a deoxynucleotide polymer mainly derived from the sperm of rainbow trout or salmon. PDRN inhibits pro-inflammatory factors and promotes VEGF expression via the cAMP-PKA pathway by activating the adenosine A_2A receptor (A_2AR), thereby driving angiogenesis and collagen deposition in fibroblasts. Degradation products of PDRN provide DNA raw materials for proliferating cells through the salvage synthesis pathway, accelerating re-epithelialization. PDRN reduces melanin synthesis and cell apoptosis by upregulating ERK/AKT phosphorylation and inhibiting the activities of MITF and tyrosinase, and resists skin aging by attenuating nuclear autophagy and blocking the interaction between LC3-SIRT1. PDRN is mainly used for wound repair, post-aesthetic surgery recovery and anti-aging research.

H-Gly-Pro-Hyp-OH is a collagen-derived peptide and also a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor.\nH-Gly-Pro-Hyp-OH inhibits the activity of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 in vitro. H-Gly-Pro-Hyp-OH binds to the DNA-binding site of the JUN/FOS complex, blocks the formation of the DNA-JUN/FOS complex, and inhibits transcriptional activity. H-Gly-Pro-Hyp-OH is applicable to research related to skin photoaging, UVB-induced skin aging/photoaging, and thrombosis.

Carnitine acetyltransferase is a mitochondrial matrix enzyme that catalyzes the interconversion of Acetyl-CoA and Acetylcarnitine (HY-126358). Carnitine acetyltransferase functions as a positive regulator of total body glucose tolerance and muscle activity of pyruvate dehydrogenase. Carnitine acetyltransferase is responsible for mitochondrial acetyl-CoA balance and regulation of fatty acid oxidation by utilizing short- and medium- chain fatty acids and their corresponding acylcarnitines as substrates. Carnitine acetyltransferase plays a crucial role in regulating glucose homeostasis. Carnitine acetyltransferase can be utilized in the research of aging, obesity, and diabetes.

Hydroxypinacolone retinoate (HPR) is a direct-binding agonist of retinoic acid receptor (RAR). Hydroxypinacolone retinoate has low irritation and high stability; when formulated into nanoparticles, its transdermal efficiency is enhanced, allowing it to penetrate deep into the dermis and achieve sustained release. When used in combination with Retinyl propionate, hydroxypinacolone retinoate promotes fibroblast proliferation and upregulates the gene expression of type IV collagen, CRBP-I and RARB. Hydroxypinacolone retinoate can be used in research related to skin wrinkles and skin aging.

Dendrobii caulis extract (Dendrobium extract) is an extract of Dendrobii Caulis that can be used for photoaging studies.

HATC is a HIF-1α AUTAC degrader. HATC links HIF-1α to LC3 to form a ternary complex that undergoes degradation via the autophagy-lysosome fusion pathway. HATC induces dose-dependent HIF-1α degradation in multiple cell types. HATC reduces visceral fat accumulation, hepatic lipid deposition, senescent cell aggregation, and bone loss; alleviates age-related intervertebral disc degeneration, liver dysfunction, kyphosis, and alveolar dilation; decreases circulating lactic acid levels; improves physical performance; and reverses age-related changes in granulocyte proportions. HATC extends median and maximum lifespan, reduces transcriptomic age, and causes no obvious persistent toxicity. HATC can be used in the research of age-related diseases (pink: LC3 ligand (HY-50759); blue: HIF-1α ligand (HY-P10426); Linker: (HY-W008264)).

mTOR/STAT3-IN-1 is a dual mTOR/STAT3 inhibitor. mTOR/STAT3-IN-1 exhibits potent mTOR inhibitory activity and moderate STAT3 inhibitory activity, while exerting cell type-dependent antiproliferative and senolytic activities in human cell lines. mTOR/STAT3-IN-1 can be used in the research of glioblastoma and aging-related diseases.

4-Aminophenyl-β-D-galactopyranoside, 98% is a highly efficient substrate for β-galactosidase. It is specifically hydrolyzed by this enzyme to release galactose and electroactive p-aminophenol. 4-Aminophenyl-β-D-galactopyranoside, 98% is widely used in colorimetric and electrochemical assays for detecting β-galactosidase activity and determining enzyme kinetics, such as in biosensing fields including cellular senescence, pathogen and contaminant detection. In addition, since β-galactosidase is often overexpressed in primary ovarian cancer, 4-Aminophenyl-β-D-galactopyranoside, 98% can also be applied to related research on primary ovarian cancer.

SIRT1 activator 2 is a SIRT1 activator with an ED₅₀ value <5 μM. SIRT1 activator 2 modulates SIRT1 deacetylase activity. SIRT1 activator 2 can be used for aging research.

MDH2-IN-2 is an orally active MDH2 inhibitor with an IC₅₀ of 5.9 μM. MDH2-IN-2 reduces the levels of senescence markers and senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) factors in mammalian cell models. MDH2-IN-2 extends the lifespan and improves the healthspan of Caenorhabditis elegans. MDH2-IN-2 alleviates tissue senescence in aged mice, inhibits SASP factors, and restores liver and kidney functions. MDH2-IN-2 is applicable for senescence-related research.

Gal-dMor-Gem is a selective senescent cell scavenger, Apoptosis inducer, and a prodrug of Gemcitabine (HY-17026). Gal-dMor-Gem releases Gemcitabine upon activation by Esterases and β-gal. Gal-dMor-Gem reduces SA-β-gal, preferentially induces apoptosis in senescent cells, regulates apoptosis-related proteins, accumulates in senescent tissues, and ameliorates senescence-related organ phenotypes. Gal-dMor-Gem is applicable to research on chemotherapy-induced senescence.

Tenuifoliose W is a sugar ester found in the roots of Polygala tenuifolia Willd. Tenuifoliose W targets hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress in keratinocytes. Tenuifoliose W can be used for the research of skin aging.

Nampt activator-5 is a NAMPT activator with a K_D value of 6.19 μM. Nampt activator-5 activates the rate-limiting enzyme in NAD⁺ biosynthesis and promotes NAD⁺ production. Nampt activator-5 delays the senescence process of senescent hepatocytes, extends the lifespan of *Caenorhabditis elegans*, and alleviates age-related dysfunction and abnormal biomarkers in naturally aged mice. Nampt activator-5 can be used in aging research.

Safflower oil (from Carthamus tinctorius seed) is rich in unsaturated fatty acids such as linoleic acid and oleic acid, as well as tocopherols and phenolic compounds, and exhibits antioxidant, anti-aging and blood lipid-regulating effects. Safflower oil (from Carthamus tinctorius seed) inhibits the activities of collagenase and elastase, and exerts antioxidant activity by scavenging free radicals. Linoleic acid in safflower oil (from Carthamus tinctorius seed) reduces blood cholesterol levels. Safflower oil (from Carthamus tinctorius seed) can be applied to research in fields such as skin aging, atherosclerosis, edible oil processing and industrial raw material development.