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Endotoxin

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79

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30

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Cat. No. Product Name Target Research Areas Chemical Structure
  • HY-Y0320C
    Dimethyl sulfoxide
    30+ Cited Publications

    DMSO

    		 Environmental Pollutants Bacterial Cholinesterase (ChE) Inflammation/Immunology
    Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is an aprotic solvent that can dissolve water-insoluble therapeutic and toxic agents. Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) has a strong affinity for water and has the ability to rapidly penetrate or enhance the penetration of other substances through biological membranes. Dimethyl sulfoxide also has potential free radical scavenging and anticholinesterase effects and may affect coagulation activity. Dimethyl sulfoxide also induces histamine release from mast cells but is thought to have low systemic toxicity .
    Low endotoxin, can be used in various biochemical experiments such as drug dissolution.
    Dimethyl sulfoxide
  • HY-Y0320
    Dimethyl sulfoxide, meets analytical specification of Ch.P.
    345+ Cited Publications

    DMSO, meets analytical specification of Ch.P.

    		 Environmental Pollutants Bacterial Cholinesterase (ChE) Infection Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
    Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), meets analytical specification of Ch.P. is an aprotic solvent that dissolves polar and non-polar compounds, including water-insoluble therapeutic and toxic agents. Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) has a strong affinity for water and can rapidly penetrate or enhance the penetration of other substances into biological membranes. Dimethyl sulfoxide also has potential free radical scavenging and anticholinesterase effects and may affect coagulation activity. Dimethyl sulfoxide also induces histamine release from mast cells but is thought to have low systemic toxicity. Dimethyl sulfoxide also exhibits antifreeze and antibacterial properties .
    MCE provides Dimethyl sulfoxide that complies with the inspection standards (Ch.P) of Part 4 of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020 Edition). Amicrobic, low endotoxin, can be used in various biochemical experiments such as drug dissolution.
    Dimethyl sulfoxide, meets analytical specification of Ch.P.
  • HY-W250978
    Ovalbumins
    4 Publications Verification

    		 Endogenous Metabolite Cardiovascular Disease Infection Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
    Ovalbumins (OVA), the main protein found in egg whites, have various biological activities such as anticancer, antihypertensive, antibacterial, antioxidant and immunomodulatory activities. Ovalbumins are the most abundant proteins synthesized in progesterone- or estrogen-treated fallopian tubes and are commonly used as markers to study hormone regulation of gene expression in tissues .
    We recommend using Ovalbumin, low endotoxin (HY-W250978A) to establish an asthma model.
    Ovalbumins
  • HY-D0842A
    Bovine Serum Albumin (Low Endotoxin,Fatty acid free)

    Albumin bovine serum (Low Endotoxin,Fatty acid free); BSA (Low Endotoxin,Fatty acid free)

    		 Biochemical Assay Reagents Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog Inflammation/Immunology
    Bovine Serum Albumin (Low Endotoxin,Fatty acid free) (BSA) is a 583 amino acid globular protein and oligonucleotide binding protein composed of three homologous full α domains. Bovine Serum Albumin (Low Endotoxin,Fatty acid free) (BSA) blocks the overall binding of oligonucleotides to cells. Bovine Serum Albumin (Low Endotoxin,Fatty acid free) (BSA) regulates the development of hamster embryos and induces arthritis .
    Bovine Serum Albumin (Low Endotoxin,Fatty acid free)
  • HY-D1056
    Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O55:B5
    Maximum Cited Publications
    506 Publications Verification

    LPS

    		 Toll-like Receptor (TLR) Infection Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
    Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O55:B5 (LPS, from Escherichia coli (O55:B5)) are endotoxins and TLR4 activators extracted from Escherichia coli (E. coli O55:B5) and are classified as S (smooth) type LPS. Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O55:B5 possess the typical three-part structure: O-antigen, core oligosaccharide, and lipid A. Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O55:B5 activate TLR-4 in immune cells, exhibit high pyrogenicity, and demonstrate dose and serotype specificity. Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O55:B5 can be widely used to induce cellular inflammation and establish animal models related to inflammation .
    It is recommended to prepare a solution with concentration ≥2 mg/mL. Vortex thoroughly for more than 10 minutes. Due to the adsorption characteristics of LPS, silanized container or low adsorption centrifuge tubes should be used for aliquoting and storage, and mix thoroughly before use.
    Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O55:B5
  • HY-A0248
    Polymyxin B Sulfate
    20+ Cited Publications

    		 Antibiotic Bacterial Infection
    Polymyxin B Sulfate is an antibiotic. Polymyxin B Sulfate inhibits Gram-negative infections by binding to the LPS of the bacterial wall with high affinity. Polymyxin B Sulfate neutralizes the effect of endotoxin. Polymyxin B Sulfate induces bacterial death by increasing its permeability. Polymyxin B Sulfate is used in endotoxemia research .
    Polymyxin B Sulfate
  • HY-149179
    Polymyxin B
    20+ Cited Publications

    		 Antibiotic Bacterial Infection
    Polymyxin B is an antibiotic. Polymyxin B inhibits Gram-negative infections by binding to the LPS of the bacterial wall with high affinity. Polymyxin B neutralizes the effect of endotoxin. Polymyxin B induces bacterial death by increasing its permeability. Polymyxin B is used in endotoxemia research .
    Polymyxin B
  • HY-E70005H
    Collagenase, Type VIII

    		Proteasome Cardiovascular Disease
    Collagenase, Type VIII is a mixed enzyme derived from Clostridium histolyticum that contains collagenase, a nonspecific protease, and a clostripain. Collagenase, Type VIII can hydrolyze Type VIII collagen and may be used to study the formation of atherosclerosis. Type VIII collagen is a regulator of endothelial cell differentiation and angiogenesis, a substrate for cell adhesion and migration such as smooth muscle cells, and may accumulate in atherosclerosis. After endotoxin activates the expression of Collagenase, Type VIII, it can reduce the production of Type VIII collagen and has the potential to inhibit atherosclerosis .
    Collagenase, Type VIII
  • HY-Y0320D
    Dimethyl sulfoxide, cryoprotectant vitrification agent
    1 Publications Verification

    DMSO, cryoprotectant vitrification agent; Dimethyl sulfoxide vitrification agent

    		 Environmental Pollutants Bacterial Cholinesterase (ChE) Others
    Dimethyl sulfoxide, cryoprotectant vitrification agent (DMSO, cryoprotectant vitrification agent) is a biochemical reagent that can be used as a biological material or organic compound for life science related research . This product has been sterilized and has no endotoxin. It can be used for long-term cell cryopreservation and will not affect the normal growth of cells.
    Dimethyl sulfoxide, cryoprotectant vitrification agent
  • HY-N7075
    Inulin
    4 Publications Verification

    		 Endogenous Metabolite Infection Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease Cancer
    Inulin is an orally active prebiotic targeting the intestinal microbiota, selectively promoting the proliferation and activity of beneficial bacteria such as bifidobacteria and lactic acid bacteria, and playing a role in regulating the intestinal microecology. The functions of Inulin include: Fermentation by probiotics in the colon to produce short-chain fatty acids (such as butyrate and propionate), lowering the intestinal pH and inhibiting the overgrowth of harmful bacteria; Enhancing the intestinal barrier function and reducing endotoxin translocation; Directly scavenging free radicals (such as superoxide free radicals, hydroxyl free radicals) and activating antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT) to reduce oxidative stress. Inulin can also be used in the study of intestinal diseases (constipation, IBD), metabolic syndrome (diabetes, obesity) and liver damage by regulating glucose and lipid metabolism (such as reducing triglycerides, improving insulin sensitivity) and immune response (enhancing NK cell activity, inhibiting inflammatory factors)[1][2][3][4].
    Inulin
  • HY-D1056A1
    Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O111:B4
    4 Publications Verification

    LPS, from Escherichia coli (O111:B4)

    		 Toll-like Receptor (TLR) Infection Cancer
    Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O111:B4 (LPS, from Escherichia coli (O111:B4)) are endotoxins and TLR4 activators extracted from Escherichia coli (E. coli O111:B4) and are classified as S (smooth) type LPS. Lipopolysaccharides (LPS), from E. coli O111:B4 possess the typical three-part structure: O-antigen, R3-type core oligosaccharide, and lipid A. Lipopolysaccharides (LPS), from E. coli O111:B4 activate TLR-4 in immune cells and can cause significant gastric diseases. Lipopolysaccharides (LPS), from E. coli O111:B4 can be used to induce cellular inflammation and establish animal models related to inflammation .
    It is recommended to prepare a solution with concentration ≥2 mg/mL. Vortex thoroughly for more than 10 minutes. Due to the adsorption characteristics of LPS, silanized container or low adsorption centrifuge tubes should be used for aliquoting and storage, and mix thoroughly before use.
    Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O111:B4
  • HY-P1956A
    Human serum albumin (Cell culture grade, Endotoxin<0.125 EU/mg)

    HSA (Cell culture grade, Endotoxin<0.125 EU/mg)

    		 NF-κB NO Synthase Cardiovascular Disease Inflammation/Immunology
    Human serum albumin (Cell culture grade, Endotoxin<0.125 EU/mg) (HSA) is the most abundant protein in plasma and is a major determinant of plasma oncotic pressure. Human serum albumin (Cell culture grade, Endotoxin<0.125 EU/mg) exhibits antioxidant, anticoagulant, anti-inflammatory, anti-platelet aggregation activities as well as colloid osmotic action. Human serum albumin (Cell culture grade, Endotoxin<0.125 EU/mg) can block the inhibitory effect of GML on human T cells, providing protective function for T cells. Human serum albumin (Cell culture grade, Endotoxin<0.125 EU/mg) is also associated with cardiovascular diseases and can partially prevent the LPS (HY-D1056) induced oxidative stress, as well as the upregulation of NF-κB, iNOS, and peroxynitrite (ONOO −) in the vascular wall, contributing to the reduction of blood pressure. Human serum albumin (Cell culture grade, Endotoxin<0.125 EU/mg) can be used for in vitro cell culture .
    This product is human serum albumin recombinantly expressed in an Escherichia coli expression system.
    Human serum albumin (Cell culture grade, Endotoxin<0.125 EU/mg)
  • HY-W751238
    Dimethyl methylene blue zinc chloride double salt

    DMMB

    		 Fluorescent Dye Others
    Dimethyl methylene blue zinc chloride double salt (DMMB) is a cationic dye. Dimethyl methylene blue zinc chloride double salt competitively binds to the active site of the PANI-Benz-Ag nanocomposite with endotoxin, releasing DMMB and increasing the fluorescence intensity. Dimethyl methylene blue zinc chloride double salt can be used as a fluorescent probe for the detection of bacteria (such as E. Coli) endotoxin . Dimethyl methylene blue zinc chloride double salt can be used for the quantification of sulfated glycosaminoglycans .
    Dimethyl methylene blue zinc chloride double salt
  • HY-147429
    Zosurabalpin

    Abx MCP; RG6006

    		 Antibiotic Bacterial Infection
    Zosurabalpin is a polypeptide antibiotic targeting LPS transporter (LptB2FGC complex), which can block the transport of LPS and lead to endotoxin accumulation in cells, and has shown excellent antibacterial activity against Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumanni (CRAB) .
    Zosurabalpin
  • HY-13687
    IKK 16
    25+ Cited Publications

    		 IKK LRRK2 P-glycoprotein PKD NF-κB TNF Receptor Interleukin Related Cardiovascular Disease Inflammation/Immunology
    IKK 16 is an orally active IKK inhibitor. IKK 16 shows IC50s of 40 nM, 70 nM, 200 nM, and 50 nM for IKK2, IKK complex, IKK1, and LRRK 2, respectively. IKK 16 is also a pan-PKD inhibitor, inhibiting PKD1, PKD2, and PKD3 with IC50s of 153.9, 115, and 99.7 nM, respectively. IKK 16 is also an ABCB1 inhibitor, interfering with the binding of ABCB1 to its substrates. IKK 16 protects against LPS (HY-D1056)-induced multiple organ dysfunction by reducing the acute inflammatory response induced by endotoxin exposure. IKK 16 can restore renal function and alleviate fibrosis in acute kidney injury. IKK 16 attenuates cardiac dysfunction associated with polymicrobial sepsis in mice with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) by inhibiting the NF-κB pathway .
    IKK 16
  • HY-110133
    JTE-607
    5 Publications Verification

    		 Interleukin Related Inflammation/Immunology
    JTE-607, a highly selective inflammatory cytokine synthesis inhibitor, protects from endotoxin shock in mice. JTE-607 inhibits inflammatory cytokine production, including TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8 and IL-10, from LPS-stimulated human PBMCs, with IC50s of 11, 5.9, 8.8, 7.3 and 9.1 nM, respectively . Cleavage and Polyadenylation Specificity Factor 3 (CPSF3) is the target of JTE-607 .
    JTE-607
  • HY-W250978A
    Ovalbumin, low endotoxin

    		Biochemical Assay Reagents Inflammation/Immunology
    Ovalbumin, low endotoxin (OVA, low endotoxin), the main protein found in egg whites, have various biological activities such as anticancer, antihypertensive, antibacterial, antioxidant and immunomodulatory activities. Ovalbumins are the most abundant proteins synthesized in progesterone- or estrogen-treated fallopian tubes and are commonly used as markers to study hormone regulation of gene expression in tissues . Ovalbumin, a low endotoxin, can be used to establish an asthma model .
    Ovalbumin, low endotoxin
  • HY-D1056A3
    Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O26:B6

    LPS, from Escherichia coli (O26:B6)

    		 Toll-like Receptor (TLR) Inflammation/Immunology
    Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli (Escherichia coli) O26:B6 are lipopolysaccharide endotoxins and TLR-4 activators derived from E. coli, classified as S-type LPS, which can activate pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMP) of the immune system and induce cellular secretion of migrasomes. Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O26:B6 exhibit a typical three-part structure: O-antigen, core oligosaccharide, and lipid A, and can be recognized by the core-specific monoclonal antibody MAb J8-4C10. Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O26:B6 can promote an increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines in plasma, thereby triggering hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) activation and leading to adrenal oxidative damage. The pathogenic effects of Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O26:B6 can be used to construct various models, such as cellular inflammation models, sepsis, acute lung injury models, adrenal dysfunction models, and bladder infection models, etc .
    It is recommended to prepare a solution with concentration ≥2 mg/mL. Vortex thoroughly for more than 10 minutes. Due to the adsorption characteristics of LPS, silanized container or low adsorption centrifuge tubes should be used for aliquoting and storage, and mix thoroughly before use.
    Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O26:B6
  • HY-B0633E
    Hyaluronic acid, low endotoxin

    Hyaluronan, low Endotoxin; Hyaluronate, low Endotoxin

    		 Endogenous Metabolite CD44 Bacterial Akt PI3K Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
    Hyaluronic acid, low endotoxin (Hyaluronan, low endotoxin) is a biopolymer composed of repeating disaccharide units containing low levels of endotoxin. Hyaluronic acid is a major component of the extracellular matrix (ECM). It is synthesized on the plasma membrane. Hyaluronic acid exerts its effects by binding to receptors CD44 and RHAMM. Hyaluronic acid activates PI3K-Akt signaling. Hyaluronic acid also enhances cell invasion and angiogenesis by promoting or stimulating the binding of proteolytic MMP-9 to the cell surface. Elevated hyaluronic acid levels are associated with tumor cell growth, adhesion, migration, invasion, and angiogenesis in digestive system cancers. Hyaluronic acid is involved in tissue remodeling and rapid cell proliferation in several physiological processes, including embryonic morphogenesis and wound healing. Hyaluronic acid can be used as a regulator of cancer-associated lymphangiogenesis. Hyaluronic acid can be used as a drug delivery carrier for sodium butyrate, enhancing its anti-proliferative activity against breast cancer cell lines. Hyaluronic acid can lubricate the corneal endothelium. Hyaluronic acid can improve tissue hydration and enhance the resistance of cells to mechanical damage. Hyaluronic acid has been conjugated with antibodies to ensure that the active compound continues to exert its effects at the site of inflammation. Hyaluronic acid can be used in research in the fields of osteoarthritis, ophthalmology, cosmetic dermatology, oncology, and liver diseases .
    Hyaluronic acid, low endotoxin
  • HY-B2106D
    Polyoxyethylene (10) lauryl ether

    Decaethylene glycol monododecyl ether (C12E10); Polidocanol (10)

    		 Biochemical Assay Reagents Others Cancer
    Polyoxyethylene (10) lauryl ether is a nonionic surfactant. Polyoxyethylene (10) lauryl ether exhibits unique properties in dissolving liposomes and exerts the minimal interference with endotoxin detection. Polyoxyethylene (10) lauryl ether forms hybrid liposomes with Dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC) (HY-109541), which can inhibit the proliferation of human promyelocytic leukemia cells without the administration of any drugs .
    Polyoxyethylene (10) lauryl ether
  • HY-117037
    FR900359
    4 Publications Verification

    		 Apoptosis ERK Cardiovascular Disease Cancer
    FR900359 is a depsipeptide selective inhibitor of Gαq/11/14 in mammalia, can inhibits ERK pathway. FR900359 suppresses the proliferation of melanoma cells and decreases of blood pressure. FR900359 also protected against airway hyperreactivity in murine models of allergen sensitization in Ovalbumin, low endotoxin (HY-W250978A)-induced sensitization model of asthma. FR900359 can be used for cancer and cardiovascular disease research .
    FR900359
  • HY-P1698
    Reltecimod

    AB-103

    		 Bacterial CD28 Infection Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
    Reltecimod (AB-103) is a T-cell-specific surface glycoprotein CD28 (TP44) antagonist. Reltecimod has beneficial effects against different bacterial infections, their exotoxins and endotoxins, and ionizing radiation. Reltecimod modulates the inflammatory response by targeting and attenuating the critical CD28/B7-2 co-stimulatory pathway, without inhibiting it. Reltecimod can be used to research necrotizing soft-tissue infections (NSTIs) .
    Reltecimod
  • HY-P3936
    Endotoxin Substrate

    		Fluorescent Dye Others
    Endotoxin Substrate (Boc-LGR-pNA) is a chromogenic substrate can be used in quantitative assays of endotoxin .
    Endotoxin Substrate
  • HY-D1056D
    Lipopolysaccharides, from P. gingivalis
    3 Publications Verification

    LPS, from Porphyromonas gingivalis

    		 Toll-like Receptor (TLR) Inflammation/Immunology
    Lipopolysaccharides, from P. gingivalis (LPS, from Porphyromonas gingivalis) are endotoxins and TLR4 activators extracted from Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) and are classified as S (smooth) type LPS. Lipopolysaccharides, from P. gingivalis possess the typical three-part structure: O-antigen, core oligosaccharide, and lipid A. Lipopolysaccharides, from P. gingivalis activate TLR-4 in immune cells and are important virulence factors in the mechanism of periodontal disease. Lipopolysaccharides, from P. gingivalis can be used in research related to periodontitis .
    It is recommended to prepare a solution with concentration ≥2 mg/mL. Vortex thoroughly for more than 10 minutes. Due to the adsorption characteristics of LPS, silanized container or low adsorption centrifuge tubes should be used for aliquoting and storage, and mix thoroughly before use.
    Lipopolysaccharides, from P. gingivalis
  • HY-D1056B3
    Lipopolysaccharides, from Klebsiella pneumoniae

    LPS, from bacterial (Klebsiella pneumoniae)

    		 Toll-like Receptor (TLR) Inflammation/Immunology
    Lipopolysaccharides, from Klebsiella pneumoniae (LPS, from bacterial (Klebsiella pneumoniae)) are lipopolysaccharide endotoxins and TLR4 activators derived from Klebsiella pneumoniae, and are classified as S-type LPS. Lipopolysaccharides, from Klebsiella pneumoniae exhibit a typical three-part structure: O-antigen, core oligosaccharide, and lipid A. Lipopolysaccharides, from Klebsiella pneumoniae may participate in bacterial immune evasion by inhibiting complement-mediated killing and suppressing the host's secretion of antimicrobial peptides, thereby allowing the bacteria to escape immune defenses. Lipopolysaccharides, from Klebsiella pneumoniae possess high viscosity and resistance to serum-mediated killing, which may lead to sepsis. Lipopolysaccharides, from Klebsiella pneumoniae can be used to construct Acute Lung Injury Model .
    It is recommended to prepare a solution with concentration ≥2 mg/mL. Vortex thoroughly for more than 10 minutes. Due to the adsorption characteristics of LPS, silanized container or low adsorption centrifuge tubes should be used for aliquoting and storage, and mix thoroughly before use.
    Lipopolysaccharides, from Klebsiella pneumoniae
  • HY-N0468
    Rebaudioside D
    1 Publications Verification

    		 FXR Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase Metabolic Disease
    Rebaudioside D is an orally active sweetener that targets and activates FXR, modulates Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase, and inhibits 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase. Rebaudioside D regulates bile acid homeostasis and lipid metabolism, reduces the synthesis rates of fatty acids and cholesterol, and exerts multiple effects including anti-adipogenesis, hepatoprotection, anti-steatosis, gut microbiota modulation, enhancement of secondary bile acid metabolism, anti-endotoxin activity, regulation of bile acid transport, and inhibition of bile acid efflux. Rebaudioside D also reduces body weight gain, visceral fat accumulation, hepatic triglyceride and cholesterol accumulation, hepatic lipid peroxidation, and decreases the circulating level of lipopolysaccharide-binding protein. Rebaudioside D additionally enhances the secondary bile acid metabolic pathway of intestinal bacteria, upregulates the gene expression of ileal organic solute transporter α, and downregulates the gene expression of hepatic bile salt export pump. Rebaudioside D does not affect glucose homeostasis, alter total caloric intake or fecal energy excretion, induce weight gain, exacerbate obesity, promote hepatic steatosis, impair brown adipose tissue function, nor change skeletal muscle metabolism-related proteins. Rebaudioside D can be used in diet-induced obesity and obesity-related research .
    Rebaudioside D
  • HY-D1056A2
    Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O127:B8

    LPS, from Escherichia coli (O127:B8)

    		 Toll-like Receptor (TLR) Inflammation/Immunology
    Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O127:B8 (LPS, from Escherichia coli (O127:B8)) are endotoxins and TLR4 activators extracted from Escherichia coli (E. coli O127:B8) and are classified as S (smooth) type LPS. Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O127:B8 possess the typical three-part structure: O-antigen, R3-type core oligosaccharide, and lipid A. Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O127:B8 activate TLR-4 in immune cells, can induce inflammatory responses and ileal contractility, and can be used to construct intestinal inflammation models .
    It is recommended to prepare a solution with concentration ≥2 mg/mL. Vortex thoroughly for more than 10 minutes. Due to the adsorption characteristics of LPS, silanized container or low adsorption centrifuge tubes should be used for aliquoting and storage, and mix thoroughly before use.
    Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O127:B8
  • HY-135042
    CAY10614
    1 Publications Verification

    		 Toll-like Receptor (TLR) Neurological Disease
    CAY10614 is a potent TLR4 antagonist. CAY10614 inhibits the lipid A-induced activation of TLR4, with an IC50 of 1.675 μM. CAY10614 can improve survival of mice in lethal endotoxin shock model .
    CAY10614
  • HY-N8277
    Kdo2-Lipid A ammonium
    3 Publications Verification

    		 Toll-like Receptor (TLR) TNF Receptor Cancer
    Kdo2-Lipid A ammonium is a chemically defined lipopolysaccharide (LPS) with endotoxin activity equal to LPS. Kdo2-Lipid A ammonium is highly selective for TLR4. Kdo2-Lipid A ammonium stimulates the release of both TNF and PGE2 .
    Kdo2-Lipid A ammonium
  • HY-P3496
    Pep19-2.5
    1 Publications Verification

    		 Pyroptosis Inflammation/Immunology
    Pep19-2.5 is an synthetic and antitoxin peptide, blocks the intracellular endotoxin signaling cascade. Pep19-2.5 inhibits signaling of lipopeptides (LP) and lipopolysaccharides (LPS) mediated by transmembrane and cytosolic pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). The signaling cascades lead to inflammation and cell pyroptosis .
    Pep19-2.5
  • HY-13687A
    IKK 16 hydrochloride
    25+ Cited Publications

    		 IKK LRRK2 P-glycoprotein PKD NF-κB TNF Receptor Interleukin Related Cardiovascular Disease Inflammation/Immunology
    IKK 16 hydrochloride is an orally active IKK inhibitor. IKK 16 hydrochloride shows IC50s of 40 nM, 70 nM, 200 nM, and 50 nM for IKK2, IKK complex, IKK1, and LRRK 2, respectively. IKK 16 hydrochloride is also a pan-PKD inhibitor, inhibiting PKD1, PKD2, and PKD3 with IC50s of 153.9, 115, and 99.7 nM, respectively. IKK 16 hydrochloride is also an ABCB1 inhibitor, interfering with the binding of ABCB1 to its substrates. IKK 16 hydrochloride protects against LPS (HY-D1056)-induced multiple organ dysfunction by reducing the acute inflammatory response induced by endotoxin exposure. IKK 16 hydrochloride can restore renal function and alleviate fibrosis in acute kidney injury. IKK 16 hydrochloride attenuates cardiac dysfunction associated with polymicrobial sepsis in mice with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) by inhibiting the NF-κB pathway .
    IKK 16 hydrochloride
  • HY-D1056H
    Lipopolysaccharides, from S. marcescens
    1 Publications Verification

    LPS, from Serratia marcescens

    		 Toll-like Receptor (TLR) Inflammation/Immunology
    Lipopolysaccharides, from S. marcescens (Serratia marcescens) are lipopolysaccharide endotoxins and TLR-4 activators derived from Serratia marcescens, classified as S-type LPS, which can activate pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMP) of the immune system and induce cellular secretion of migrasomes. Lipopolysaccharides, from S. marcescens exhibit a typical three-part structure: O-antigen (O-antigen), core oligosaccharide (core oligosaccharide), and lipid A (Lipid A). Lipopolysaccharides, from S. marcescens induce NF-κB activation in mouse cells via Toll-like receptor (TLR4)/MD-2. The lipopolysaccharides of S. marcescens can induce apoptosis in host immune cells, thereby suppressing the host's innate immunity .
    It is recommended to prepare a solution with concentration ≥2 mg/mL. Vortex thoroughly for more than 10 minutes. Due to the adsorption characteristics of LPS, silanized container or low adsorption centrifuge tubes should be used for aliquoting and storage, and mix thoroughly before use.
    Lipopolysaccharides, from S. marcescens
  • HY-D1056A4
    Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O128:B12

    LPS, from Escherichia coli (O128:B12)

    		 Toll-like Receptor (TLR) Inflammation/Immunology
    Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O128:B12 (LPS, from Escherichia coli (O128:B12)) are endotoxins and TLR4 activators extracted from Escherichia coli (E. coli O128:B12) and are classified as S (smooth) type LPS. Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O128:B12 possess the typical three-part structure: O-antigen, R3-type core oligosaccharide, and lipid A. Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O128:B12 activate TLR-4 in immune cells, can be used to construct animal models of neonatal brain inflammation, and may influence preterm birth in neonates .
    It is recommended to prepare a solution with concentration ≥2 mg/mL. Vortex thoroughly for more than 10 minutes. Due to the adsorption characteristics of LPS, silanized container or low adsorption centrifuge tubes should be used for aliquoting and storage, and mix thoroughly before use.
    Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O128:B12
  • HY-D1056E
    Lipopolysaccharides, from P. aeruginosa 10

    LPS, from Pseudomonas aeruginosa (10)

    		 Toll-like Receptor (TLR) Inflammation/Immunology
    Lipopolysaccharides from P. aeruginosa (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) 10 are lipopolysaccharide endotoxins and TLR4 activators derived from Pseudomonas aeruginosa 10, and are classified as S-type LPS. Lipopolysaccharides from P. aeruginosa 10 exhibit a typical three-part structure: O-antigen, core oligosaccharide, and lipid A. The lipopolysaccharides of P. aeruginosa 10 have a fatty acid composition distinct from common enterobacteria, an exceptionally high degree of phosphorylation (triphosphate residues have been detected), and a unique outer region of the core oligosaccharide. Additionally, their O-specific side chains are typically rich in novel aminosugars. Lipopolysaccharides from P. aeruginosa 10 demonstrate susceptibility to viruses, with the level of susceptibility determined by the content of high molecular weight polysaccharides in their composition. The absence of high molecular weight polysaccharides increases their sensitivity to bacteriophages .
    It is recommended to prepare a solution with concentration ≥2 mg/mL. Vortex thoroughly for more than 10 minutes. Due to the adsorption characteristics of LPS, silanized container or low adsorption centrifuge tubes should be used for aliquoting and storage, and mix thoroughly before use.
    Lipopolysaccharides, from P. aeruginosa 10
  • HY-D1056F
    Biotin-Lipopolysaccharide, from E.coli O111:B4

    Biotin-LPS, from Escherichia coli (O111:B4)

    		 Biochemical Assay Reagents Inflammation/Immunology
    Biotin-Lipopolysaccharide, from E.coli O111:B4 (Biotin-LPS, from Escherichia coli (O111:B4)) is a biotin-conjugated Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (HY-D1056A1) that can be coupled with streptavidin protein. Biotin-Lipopolysaccharide, from E.coli O111:B4 can be used to identify Lipopolysaccharide ligands. Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O111:B4 (LPS, from Escherichia coli (O111:B4)) are endotoxins and TLR4 activators extracted from Escherichia coli (E. coli O111:B4) and are classified as S (smooth) type LPS. Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O111:B4 possess the typical three-part structure: O-antigen, R3-type core oligosaccharide, and lipid A. Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O111:B4 activate TLR-4 in immune cells and can cause significant gastric diseases. Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O111:B4 can also induce M1-type polarization in mouse macrophages .
    It is recommended to prepare a solution with concentration ≥2 mg/mL. Vortex thoroughly for more than 10 minutes. Due to the adsorption characteristics of LPS, silanized container or low adsorption centrifuge tubes should be used for aliquoting and storage, and mix thoroughly before use.
    Biotin-Lipopolysaccharide, from E.coli O111:B4
  • HY-141639
    3-Hydroxyheptadecanoic acid

    		Drug Derivative Inflammation/Immunology
    3-Hydroxyheptadecanoic acid is a type of 3-hydroxy acid that can be used as a chemical marker for endotoxins .
    3-Hydroxyheptadecanoic acid
  • HY-D1056B4
    Lipopolysaccharides, from Salmonella typhosa

    LPS, from bacterial (Salmonella typhosa)

    		 Toll-like Receptor (TLR) Inflammation/Immunology
    Lipopolysaccharides, from Salmonella typhosa are lipopolysaccharide endotoxins and TLR-4 activators derived from Salmonella typhosa, classified as S-type LPS, which can activate pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMP) of the immune system and induce cellular secretion of migrasomes. Lipopolysaccharides, from Salmonella typhosa exhibit a typical three-part structure: O-antigen, core oligosaccharide, and lipid A. Lipopolysaccharides, from Salmonella typhosa can serve as vaccine adjuvants and demonstrate adjuvant activity targeting B cells in immune responses in vivo .
    It is recommended to prepare a solution with concentration ≥2 mg/mL. Vortex thoroughly for more than 10 minutes. Due to the adsorption characteristics of LPS, silanized container or low adsorption centrifuge tubes should be used for aliquoting and storage, and mix thoroughly before use.
    Lipopolysaccharides, from Salmonella typhosa
  • HY-N0223
    Epibetulinic acid

    		NO Synthase Prostaglandin Receptor Inflammation/Immunology Endocrinology
    Epibetulinic acid exhibits potent inhibitory effects on NO and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production in mouse macrophages (RAW 264.7) stimulated with bacterial endotoxin with IC50s of 0.7 and 0.6 μM, respectively. Anti-inflammatory activity .
    Epibetulinic acid
  • HY-D1056C3
    Lipopolysaccharides, from S. enterica serotype typhimurium

    LPS, from Salmonella enterica (Serotype typhimurium)

    		 Toll-like Receptor (TLR) Inflammation/Immunology
    Lipopolysaccharides, from S. enterica (Salmonella enterica) serotype typhimurium are lipopolysaccharide endotoxins and TLR4 activators derived from serotype typhimurium of Salmonella enterica, and are classified as S-type LPS. Lipopolysaccharides, from S. enterica exhibit a typical three-part structure: O-antigen, core oligosaccharide, and lipid A. Lipopolysaccharides, from S. enterica serotype typhimurium can modulate the fate of bacteria in dendritic cells (DC), determining the uptake, degradation, and activation of immune functions by DC cells against the bacteria .
    It is recommended to prepare a solution with concentration ≥2 mg/mL. Vortex thoroughly for more than 10 minutes. Due to the adsorption characteristics of LPS, silanized container or low adsorption centrifuge tubes should be used for aliquoting and storage, and mix thoroughly before use.
    Lipopolysaccharides, from S. enterica serotype typhimurium
  • HY-130581
    Lipid X

    		Bacterial Cardiovascular Disease Inflammation/Immunology
    Lipid X is a 2,3-diacylglucosamine-1-phosphate that serves as the monosaccharide precursor of lipid A, possessing both LPS antagonist and weak agonist activities. Lipid X exerts protective effects by inhibiting tumor necrosis factor production, monocyte procoagulant activity, and neutrophil priming. Lipid X may induce transient pulmonary hypertension, neutropenia, and mild pyrogenic effects in laboratory animals. Lipid X has low toxicity and no in vitro antibacterial activity, but it significantly reduces mortality following Gram-negative bacterial infection and endotoxin exposure. Lipid X tends to accumulate in liver tissue, binds to circulating cellular components, and can be converted to lipid Y through transesterification. Lipid X can be used in research on Gram-negative bacterial sepsis, endotoxemia, and associated pulmonary hypertension .
    Lipid X
  • HY-D1056C1
    Lipopolysaccharides, from S. enterica serotype enteritidis

    LPS, from Salmonella enterica (Serotype enteritidis)

    		 Toll-like Receptor (TLR) Inflammation/Immunology
    Lipopolysaccharides, from S. enterica (Salmonella enterica) serotype enteritidis are lipopolysaccharide endotoxins and TLR-4 activators derived from the enteritidis serotype of S. enterica, classified as S-type LPS, which can activate pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMP) of the immune system and induce cellular secretion of migrasomes. Lipopolysaccharides, from S. enterica serotype enteritidis exhibit a typical three-part structure: O-antigen, core oligosaccharide, and lipid A. Lipopolysaccharides, from S. enterica serotype enteritidis can induce systemic inflammatory responses, increasing levels of TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-6, IL-10, and nitrate in plasma .
    It is recommended to prepare a solution with concentration ≥2 mg/mL. Vortex thoroughly for more than 10 minutes. Due to the adsorption characteristics of LPS, silanized container or low adsorption centrifuge tubes should be used for aliquoting and storage, and mix thoroughly before use.
    Lipopolysaccharides, from S. enterica serotype enteritidis
  • HY-P3483
    Maxadilan

    		PACAP Receptor Caspase Apoptosis PKA Interleukin Related TNF Receptor Cardiovascular Disease Neurological Disease
    Maxadilan is a specific irreversible PAC1 receptor agonist and a potent vasodilator peptide present in the salivary glands of sand flies. Maxadilan exhibits anti-apoptotic activity in hADSCs. Maxadilan inhibits pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α) and enhances anti-inflammatory mediators (IL-10). Maxadilan can activate leukocytes and inhibit vascular permeability through PAC1 receptors. Maxadilan promotes neural differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells. Maxadilan can be used to study endotoxin shock, atherosclerosis, and neurodegenerative diseases [1] [2] [3] [4] [5].
    Maxadilan
  • HY-P5640
    Tritrpticin

    		Bacterial Parasite Infection
    Tritrpticin is a porcine-derived antimicrobial peptide with properties such as membrane disruption and hemolysis. Tritrpticin disrupts the cell membranes of bacteria, fungi and Jurkat T cell leukemia cells and induces their death. Tritrpticin also enhances the efficacy of Metronidazole (HY-B0318) against *Trichomonas vaginalis*, reduces plasma endotoxin and inflammatory cytokine levels, restricts bacterial growth in blood and visceral tissues, decreases the mortality rate of septic shock in rats and enhances the therapeutic effect of ertapenem. Tritrpticin exhibits selective cytotoxicity against Jurkat T cell leukemia cells, while showing low toxicity to normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells and red blood cells, and can serve as a template for antimicrobial peptide design. Tritrpticin can be applied to research related to bacterial infections, fungal infections, trichomoniasis, septic shock and leukemia .
    Tritrpticin
  • HY-D1056B2
    Lipopolysaccharides, from Proteus mirabilis

    LPS, from bacterial (Proteus mirabilis)

    		 Toll-like Receptor (TLR) Inflammation/Immunology
    Lipopolysaccharides, from Proteus mirabilis are lipopolysaccharide endotoxins and TLR-4 activators derived from Proteus mirabilis, classified as S-type LPS, which can activate pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMP) of the immune system and induce cellular secretion of migrasomes. Lipopolysaccharides, from Proteus mirabilis exhibit a typical three-part structure: O-antigen, core oligosaccharide, and lipid A. Proteus mirabilis is a major pathogen causing urinary tract infections and may also contribute to rheumatoid arthritis. Lipopolysaccharides, from Proteus mirabilis also exhibit potential anti-tumor effects, demonstrating in vivo inhibitory activity against solid tumors such as meningosarcoma and Walker carcinosarcoma .
    It is recommended to prepare a solution with concentration ≥2 mg/mL. Vortex thoroughly for more than 10 minutes. Due to the adsorption characteristics of LPS, silanized container or low adsorption centrifuge tubes should be used for aliquoting and storage, and mix thoroughly before use.
    Lipopolysaccharides, from Proteus mirabilis
  • HY-P3912A
    Endotoxin inhibitor TFA

    		Interleukin Related Infection
    Endotoxin inhibitor TFA is a synthetic peptide that binds lipid A with high affinity, thereby detoxifying LPS (HY-D1056) and preventing LPS-induced cytokine release in vivo. Endotoxin inhibitor TFA inhibits the febrile response to LPS with very low toxicity and lethality .
    Endotoxin inhibitor TFA
  • HY-P3912
    Endotoxin inhibitor

    		COX Interleukin Related Infection
    Endotoxin inhibitor a synthetic peptide that binds lipid A with high affinity, thereby detoxifying LPS (HY-D1056) and preventing LPS-induced cytokine release in vivo. Endotoxin inhibitor inhibits the febrile response to LPS with very low toxicity and lethality .
    Endotoxin inhibitor
  • HY-P11392
    Ac-IEAR-pNA

    		Cholinesterase (ChE) Biochemical Assay Reagents Others
    Ac-IEAR-pNA is the chromogenic substrate for quantifying endotoxin levels. Ac-IEAR-pNA is cleaved by HuBChE to produce p-nitroaniline product .
    Ac-IEAR-pNA
  • HY-148600
    HTS13286

    		Aquaporin NO Synthase Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology
    HTS13286 is a novel AQP9 inhibitor. HTS13286 prevents the LPS-induced increase of NO. HTS13286 reduces glucose output. HTS13286 can be used in the research of endotoxin shock .
    HTS13286
  • HY-137418
    2-MeS-ATP

    2-Methylthio-ATP

    		 P2Y Receptor Others Inflammation/Immunology
    2-MeS-ATP (2-Methylthio-ATP) is an analog of adenosine nucleotides and acts as a P2Y purinergic receptor agonist specific for adenosine nucleotide activation. 2-MeS-ATP is also able to inhibit the release of toxic mediators from macrophages stimulated by endotoxin (LPS). 2-MeS-ATP can be used in the study of endotoxin shock and inflammatory diseases .
    2-MeS-ATP
  • HY-106162A
    ONO-1714

    		NO Synthase Cardiovascular Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
    ONO-1714 is an orally active nitric oxide synthase inhibitor. ONO-1714 attenuates endotoxin-induced acute lung injury, reduces intestinal ischemia–reperfusion injury, represses biliary carcinogenesis .
    ONO-1714

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