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oxidizable substrate

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19

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2

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3

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6

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3

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Cat. No. Product Name Target Research Areas Chemical Structure
  • HY-B0445A
    NAD sodium
    40+ Cited Publications

    β-DPN sodium; β-NAD sodium; β-Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide sodium

    Endogenous Metabolite Metabolic Disease
    NAD sodium is an orally effective cofactor and homeostatic regulator. NAD sodium can be reduced to β-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) during coupling with reactions that oxidize organic substrates. NAD sodium can be converted to β-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) and passes to the inside of mitochondria, which indirectly generates ATP. NAD sodium can be used for the research of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, obesity, and glucose intolerance .
    NAD sodium
  • HY-13817
    IU1
    20+ Cited Publications

    Deubiquitinase Autophagy Apoptosis Cardiovascular Disease Neurological Disease Endocrinology Cancer
    IU1 is a selective, reversible USP14 inhibitor with an IC50 of 4-5 μM. IU1 binds USP14’s catalytic cleft to block deubiquitinase activity. IU1 induces calpain-dependent Tau cleavage, causes ATP deficits, reduces E1~Ub thioester levels and 26S proteasome assembly. IU1 enhances 26S proteasome chymotrypsin-like activity, modulates LC3B-dependent autophagy flux, reduces cancer cell proliferation and migration, and blocks G0/G1 to S phase cell cycle transition in follicular thyroid cancer cells. IU1 activates autophagy-lysosomal and ubiquitin-proteasome pathways, triggers apoptosis, and reduces cervical cancer cell growth. IU1 enhances degradation of proteasome substrates linked to neurodegenerative disease, accelerates oxidized protein degradation, and increases oxidative stress resistance. IU1 can be used for the research of Alzheimer’s disease, follicular thyroid cancer, ischemic stroke, cervical cancer, and neurodegenerative disease .
    IU1
  • HY-W012241

    Endogenous Metabolite PROTAC Linkers Metabolic Disease
    Dodecanedioic acid is an orally active straight-chain dicarboxylic acid. As an alternative energy substrate between lipids and carbohydrates, Dodecanedioic acid can be rapidly oxidized during exercise, reducing muscle fatigue without stimulating insulin secretion. Dodecanedioic acid also exhibits blood glucose-lowering activity in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus .
    Dodecanedioic acid
  • HY-137276

    Bluo-Gal

    Fluorescent Dye Glycosidase Others
    5-Bromo-3-indolyl β-D-galactopyranoside (Bluo-Gal) is a chromogenic substrate for β-galactosidase. 5-Bromo-3-indolyl β-D-galactopyranoside is hydrolyzed by the enzyme to generate a 5-bromoindole intermediate, which is further oxidized to form an insoluble blue precipitate. 5-Bromo-3-indolyl β-D-galactopyranoside can specifically recognize bacterial β-galactosidases (such as the product of the Escherichia coli lacZ gene) and reacts at pH 7.4, making it suitable for light and electron microscopic observations. 5-Bromo-3-indolyl β-D-galactopyranoside can be used in histochemical detection of reporter gene expression in transgenic organisms, such as the localization analysis of β-galactosidase activity in mouse embryos or muscle tissues .
    5-Bromo-3-indolyl β-D-galactopyranoside
  • HY-W012145

    Others Metabolic Disease
    TMPD dihydrochloride, a readily oxidizable compound, is an enzymatically convert redox active substrate molecule. TMPD dihydrochloride is also an electron donor and serves as a reducing cosubstrate for heme peroxidases . TMPD dihydrochloride is also a complex IV substrate .
    TMPD dihydrochloride
  • HY-113404

    Tyrosinase Dopamine Receptor Neurological Disease
    DL-Dopa is a dopamine precursor. It serves as a substrate for Mushroom Tyrosinase, which oxidizes it to dopaquinone, an intermediate in the DOPA-melanin polymerization process, and this reaction can be detected at 475 nm. DL-Dopa also forms synergistic hydrophobic and π-π stacking interactions with cationic surfactants. Its binding to cetylpyridinium chloride (HY-B1464) is stronger and exhibits better thermodynamic stability than its binding to benzalkonium chloride (HY-B2232). DL-Dopa can compensate for dopamine depletion in the brain and is applicable to research related to Parkinson's disease .
    DL-Dopa
  • HY-138616

    2'-Deoxyguanosine-5'-triphosphate

    DNA/RNA Synthesis Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog Inflammation/Immunology
    dGTP (2'-Deoxyguanosine-5'-triphosphate) is one of the precursors for DNA synthesis, and serves as a direct substrate for DNA replication and repair. dGTP is prone to oxidative damage; under the action of reactive oxygen species and other factors, dGTP is oxidized to form 8-oxo-dGTP .
    dGTP
  • HY-W002251

    Biochemical Assay Reagents Others
    Benzo[b]thiophene-3-carbaldehyde is a 3-formyl-substituted benzo[b]thiophene derivative that acts as an oxidizable substrate to convert to benzo[b]thiophene-3-carboxylic acid under liquid-phase conditions. Compared with analogs such as benzaldehyde and thiophene-2-carbaldehyde, Benzo[b]thiophene-3-carbaldehyde has lower oxidation difficulty, and can significantly increase the reaction rate in the presence of initiators (such as Na +Br - or DBA). Benzo[b]thiophene-3-carbaldehyde also serves as a key starting material for the synthesis of compounds including heteroaryl chalcones .
    Benzo[b]thiophene-3-carbaldehyde
  • HY-112817

    8-Oxo-Deoxyguanosine triphosphate

    Apoptosis Cardiovascular Disease Neurological Disease Cancer
    8-Oxo-dGTP (8-Oxo-Deoxyguanosine triphosphate) is an oxidized guanine nucleotide formed by ROS-mediated oxidative modification of dGTP, and it also serves as a key substrate for 8-oxo-dGTP pyrophosphohydrolases (such as hMTH1 and E. coli MutT). 8-Oxo-dGTP acts as a DNA mutagen, inserts into nascent DNA and pairs with adenine and cytosine, inducing A:T to C:G transversion mutations. Furthermore, 8-Oxo-dGTP causes oxidative DNA base modification, strand breakage and S-phase arrest, and ultimately triggers AIF-mediated apoptosis and promotes spontaneous carcinogenesis in mth1-deficient mice. Accumulation of 8-Oxo-dGTP in cells induces genomic instability, but it exhibits a tumor-suppressive effect that reduces tumor incidence in mouse models instead. 8-Oxo-dGTP is widely used in studies related to spontaneous carcinogenesis, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, heart failure and tumor mechanisms .
    8-Oxo-dGTP
  • HY-W012241S1

    Isotope-Labeled Compounds Endogenous Metabolite Metabolic Disease
    Dodecanedioic acid-d4 is the deuterium labeled Dodecanedioic acid (HY-W012241). Dodecanedioic acid is an orally active straight-chain dicarboxylic acid. As an alternative energy substrate between lipids and carbohydrates, Dodecanedioic acid can be rapidly oxidized during exercise, reducing muscle fatigue without stimulating insulin secretion. Dodecanedioic acid also exhibits blood glucose-lowering activity in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus .
    Dodecanedioic acid-d4
  • HY-B0445AR

    β-DPN sodium (Standard); β-NAD sodium (Standard); β-Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide sodium (Standard)

    Endogenous Metabolite Reference Standards Metabolic Disease
    NAD sodium (Standard) is the analytical standard of NAD sodium. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. NAD (β-Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide) sodium is an analogue of NAD. NAD sodium can be reduced to β-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) during coupling with reactions which oxidize organic substrates. NAD sodium can be converted to β-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) and passes to the inside of mitochondria that indirectly generates ATP .
    NAD sodium (Standard)
  • HY-W012241R

    Reference Standards Endogenous Metabolite Metabolic Disease
    Dodecanedioic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of Dodecanedioic acid (HY-W012241). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Dodecanedioic acid is an orally active straight-chain dicarboxylic acid. As an alternative energy substrate between lipids and carbohydrates, Dodecanedioic acid can be rapidly oxidized during exercise, reducing muscle fatigue without stimulating insulin secretion. Dodecanedioic acid also exhibits blood glucose-lowering activity in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus .
    Dodecanedioic acid (Standard)
  • HY-131597

    8-Hydroxyguanosine triphosphate

    Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Infection Cancer
    8-Oxo-GTP is an oxidized guanine nucleotide, produced by reactive oxygen species (ROS). 8-Oxo-GTP serves as a substrate for MutT protein, GTP cyclohydrolase II, Mycobacterium tuberculosis MutT1, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis Rv1700, which hydrolyze it to corresponding nucleoside monophosphates or diphosphates. 8-Oxo-GTP causes detrimental effects including mutations and mistranslation when incorporated into nucleic acids. 8-Oxo-GTP can be used for the research of cancer and tuberculosis .
    8-Oxo-GTP
  • HY-D1740

    DHTM Ros

    Fluorescent Dye Others
    Dihydrotetramethylrosamine (DHTM Ros) is a fluorogenic substrate for peroxidase that oxidizes to fluorescent tetramethylrosamine chloride.
    Dihydrotetramethylrosamine
  • HY-W012241S

    Isotope-Labeled Compounds Endogenous Metabolite Metabolic Disease
    Dodecanedioic acid-d20 is the deuterium labeled Dodecanedioic acid (HY-W012241). Dodecanedioic acid is an orally active straight-chain dicarboxylic acid. As an alternative energy substrate between lipids and carbohydrates, Dodecanedioic acid can be rapidly oxidized during exercise, reducing muscle fatigue without stimulating insulin secretion. Dodecanedioic acid also exhibits blood glucose-lowering activity in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus .
    Dodecanedioic acid-d20
  • HY-W777762

    Isotope-Labeled Compounds Endogenous Metabolite Metabolic Disease
    Dodecanedioic Acid- 13C12 is the 13C-labeled Dodecanedioic acid (HY-W012241). Dodecanedioic acid is an orally active straight-chain dicarboxylic acid. As an alternative energy substrate between lipids and carbohydrates, Dodecanedioic acid can be rapidly oxidized during exercise, reducing muscle fatigue without stimulating insulin secretion. Dodecanedioic acid also exhibits blood glucose-lowering activity in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus .
    Dodecanedioic Acid-13C12
  • HY-W009458

    3-IP sodium

    Phosphatase Metabolic Disease
    3-Indoxyl phosphate (3-IP) is a chromogenic and electrochemical substrate for alkaline phosphatase. Upon enzymatic cleavage by alkaline phosphatase, 3-indoxyl is released and subsequently oxidized to produce water-insoluble indigo, which can be quantified by colorimetric detection at 660 nm as a measure of alkaline phosphatase activity. 3-Indoxyl phosphate can also be converted to water-soluble leucoindigo by reduction of indigo in alkaline solution by sodium dithionite, which can be quantified by colorimetric detection at 415 nm or voltametric detection as a measure of alkaline phosphatase activity.2 3-Indoxyl phosphate has been used in ELISAs.
    3-Indoxyl phosphate sodium
  • HY-W751921

    Insecticide Others
    Chlorethoxyfos is an organophosphate insecticide. Chlorethoxyfos undergoes oxidation to form its oxon in chlorinated laboratory water .
    Chlorethoxyfos
  • HY-112817A

    8-Oxo-Deoxyguanosine triphosphate trisodium

    Apoptosis Others
    8-Oxo-dGTP (8-Oxo-Deoxyguanosine triphosphate) trisodium solution (100mM) is an oxidized guanine nucleotide formed by ROS-mediated oxidative modification of dGTP, and it also serves as a key substrate for 8-oxo-dGTP pyrophosphohydrolases (such as hMTH1 and E. coli MutT). 8-Oxo-dGTP trisodium solution (100mM) acts as a DNA mutagen, inserts into nascent DNA and pairs with adenine and cytosine, inducing A:T to C:G transversion mutations. Furthermore, 8-Oxo-dGTP trisodium solution (100mM) causes oxidative DNA base modification, strand breakage and S-phase arrest, and ultimately triggers AIF-mediated apoptosis and promotes spontaneous carcinogenesis in mth1-deficient mice. Accumulation of 8-Oxo-dGTP trisodium solution (100mM) in cells induces genomic instability, but it exhibits a tumor-suppressive effect that reduces tumor incidence in mouse models instead. 8-Oxo-dGTP trisodium solution (100mM) is widely used in studies related to spontaneous carcinogenesis, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, heart failure and tumor mechanisms .
    8-Oxo-dGTP trisodium solution (100 mM)

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