Lonicera macrantha (D. Don) Spreng.

Macranthoside B is an apoptosis inducer with in vitro and in vivo anticancer activity. Macranthoside B induces autophagy and ferroptosis in cancer cells. Macranthoside B induces intracellular ROS accumulation, activates AMPK, inhibits mTOR and P70S6 kinase phosphorylation, and modulates Bcl-2/Bax expression. Macranthoside B activates caspase-3, caspase-9, and the intrinsic caspase cascade, induces PARP cleavage/degradation, and inhibits NRF2 signaling. Macranthoside B disrupts iron homeostasis via NCOA4-dependent ferritinophagy, up-regulates Lip-ROS, reduces mitochondrial membrane potential, and activates the JNK pathway. Macranthoside B can be used for the research of ovarian cancer, hepatoma, gastric carcinoma, breast carcinoma, colon carcinoma, glioma, melanoma, adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction, and cervical cancer.

Valechlorine, an iridoid, is an autophagy enhancer. Valechlorine is effective in alleviating fatty liver by acting as an autophagy enhancer to break down lipid droplets. Valechlorine can be used for the study of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).

HN-saponin F (Pulsatilla saponin B) is an orally active triterpenoid saponin found in Lonicera macranthoides. HN-saponin F exerts anti-inflammatory activity by regulating inflammation-related pathways (e.g., inhibiting pro-inflammatory factor release). HN-saponin F is promising for research of inflammatory diseases.

Ethyl-3,5-di-O-caffeoylquinate is an ethyl caffeoylquinate (ECQ), and ECQ analogs are potential α-glucosidase (α-glucosidase) inhibitors and PTP1B inhibitors. Ethyl-3,5-di-O-caffeoylquinate, which can be isolated from the flower buds of Lonicera macranthoides, is an isomer of chlorogenic acid (ethyl dicaffeoylquinate).

Fulvotomentoside B is a saponin isolated from Lactobacillus flavus. Fulvotomentoside compounds can significantly reduce serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT) and triacylglycerol (GT) levels in mice poisoned by CCl₄, d-galactosamine (d-gal) and acetaminophen, and significantly alleviate liver pathology. damage.