MCP-3 Protein/CCL7

CCL7, also known as monocyte chemotactic protein 3 (MCP3), is a small cell factor. In the human genome, CCL7 is encoded by the CCL7 gene located on chromosome 17q11.2-q12. It consists of 99 amino acids, including a signal peptide of 23 amino acids, while a mature protein of approximately 76 amino acids is secreted upon signal peptide cleavage. CCL7 is expressed in a variety of cell types, such as stromal cells, keratin-forming cells, airway smooth muscle cells, parenchymal cells, fibroblasts and leukocytes, and tumor cells^[1]. CCL7 is generally present as a monomer and can bind to a variety of receptors, including CCR1, CCR2, CCR3, CCR5 and CCR10 to mediate effects on immune cell types.CCL7 can act as a chemoattractant, attracting a variety of leukocytes, including monocytes and neutrophils. It mediates the immune response by recruiting leukocytes to infected tissues and is also involved in monocyte mobilization and recruitment of monocytes to sites of inflammation, as well as inducing neutrophil migration to sites of inflammation by increasing intracellular Ca²⁺ flux. CCL7 is involved in antibacterial, antiviral and antifungal immune responses, as well as being associated with various immune diseases such as ulcerative colitis, multiple sclerosis or non-atopic and atopic asthma. At the same time, CCL7 expression activates antitumor immune responses^[2].