Characterization and biological activity of the main flavonoids from Swiss Chard (Beta vulgaris subspecies cycla)

  • Phytomedicine. 2007 Feb;14(2-3):216-21. doi: 10.1016/j.phymed.2006.03.006.
P Ninfali  1 ,  M Bacchiocca ,  A Antonelli ,  E Biagiotti ,  A M Di Gioacchino ,  G Piccoli ,  V Stocchi ,  G Brandi
Affiliations
  • 1. Istituto di Chimica Biologica G. Fornaini, Università degli Studi Carlo Bo, Urbino (PU), Italy. [email protected]
PMID: 16698256 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2006.03.006
Abstract

The molecular components of a phenolic fraction (P2), obtained from liquid chromatography of a Swiss Chard (Beta vulgaris subsp. cycla) extract, were identified using HPLC-ESI-MS/MS. The primary P2 components were: vitexin-2''O-rhamnoside, its demethylated form 2''-xylosylvitexin, isorhamnetin 3-gentiobioside, and rutin. P2 "in toto" and the single components were characterized for antioxidant capacity, antimitotic activity on MCF-7 human breast Cancer cells and for toxicity to human lymphocytes and macrophages. P2 inhibited MCF-7 cell proliferation (IC(50) value = 9 microg/ml) without inducing Apoptosis, showed no toxicity to human lymphocytes and slight toxicity to macrophages. Vitexin-2''O-rhamnoside strongly inhibited DNA synthesis in MCF-7 cells, whereas 2''-xylosylvitexin and isorhamnetin 3-gentiobioside were activators; combinations of activators and inhibitors maintained the over-all inhibitory effect.

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