Flavonoid Polyphenols as Therapeutic Agents for Fatty Liver Disease: Mechanisms, Microbiome Interactions, and Metabolic Insights

  • Mol Nutr Food Res. 2025 Jun 16:e70144. doi: 10.1002/mnfr.70144.
Lei Li  1  2 ,  Yanling Jin  1  2 ,  Tiangang Li  1  2 ,  Bijun Lv  1  2 ,  Difen Yuan  1  2 ,  Xiaoya Li  1  2 ,  Jiali Yuan  1  2
Affiliations
  • 1. School of Basic Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China.
  • 2. Yunnan Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Disease in Prevention and Treatment, Kunming, Yunnan, China.
PMID: 40522112 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.70144
Abstract

Fatty liver disease (FLD), encompassing non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and alcoholic fatty liver disease (AFLD), has become a major global health concern, primarily driven by unhealthy diets and lifestyle changes. Recently, Flavonoids, which account for approximately 60% of polyphenolic compounds, have garnered attention for their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory properties in combating metabolic diseases. This review summarizes recent advancements in the therapeutic potential of flavonoid Polyphenols for treating FLD, with a focus on their bioactivity and mechanisms of action, interactions with the gut microbiome, and metabolic effects. The review discusses the bioactivity and biomarkers of Flavonoids in treating FLD, their similar and differing roles in NAFLD and AFLD, regulation of gut microbiota, and synergistic mechanisms with Other polyphenolic compounds. This review provides insights into the potential applications of Flavonoids in treating fatty liver disease and suggests future research directions.

Keywords
alcoholic liver disease; fatty liver disease; flavonoids; non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease; polyphenols.
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