CD160 Protein, Human (HEK293, His-Avi)

CD160 Protein, found on immune cells, serves as a receptor capable of delivering stimulatory or inhibitory signals that intricately regulate cell activation and differentiation. Existing in both GPI-anchored and transmembrane forms, each likely initiating distinct signaling pathways in activated NK cells via phosphoinositide 3-kinase and in activated T cells via LCK and CD247/CD3 zeta chain. It acts as a receptor for both classical and non-classical MHC class I molecules, recognizing HLA-C during acute viral infections and triggering NK cell cytotoxic activity, contributing to the anti-viral innate immune response. On CD8+ T cells, CD160 binds HLA-A2-B2M, providing a costimulatory signal to activated/memory T cells. However, during persistent antigen stimulation, as observed in chronic viral infections, it may progressively inhibit TCR signaling in memory CD8+ T cells, contributing to T cell exhaustion. On endothelial cells, CD160 recognizes HLA-G, controlling angiogenesis in immune privileged sites. It also acts as a receptor or ligand for TNFRSF14, participating in bidirectional cell-cell contact signaling between antigen-presenting cells and lymphocytes, modulating immune responses in various contexts, including anti-tumor responses and bacterial infections. The soluble GPI-cleaved form, typically released by activated lymphocytes, might play a role in immune regulation by limiting lymphocyte effector functions.