IL-6 Protein, Pig

IL-6 Protein is a versatile cytokine involved in various immune, regenerative, and metabolic processes. It exerts its effects by binding to IL6R, leading to the formation of a complex with the signaling subunit IL6ST/gp130, which activates the intracellular IL6-signaling pathway. This interaction can trigger different types of signaling, including 'classic signaling' through the membrane-bound IL6R and IL6ST, 'trans-signaling' through the binding of IL6 and soluble IL6R to IL6ST, and 'cluster signaling' through IL6:IL6R complexes on transmitter cells activating IL6ST receptors on neighboring receiver cells. IL-6 is crucial for the acute phase response, playing a role in host defense during infection and tissue injury. However, excessive IL-6 production is implicated in disease pathology. It is synthesized by myeloid cells like macrophages and dendritic cells in response to pathogen recognition through toll-like receptors (TLRs). In the adaptive immune response, IL-6 is necessary for B cell differentiation into immunoglobulin-secreting cells and plays a significant role in the differentiation of CD4(+) T cell subsets. It is an essential factor for the development of T follicular helper (Tfh) cells, which are crucial for germinal-center formation, and for the induction of the Th17 lineage in naive CD4(+) T cells. Additionally, IL-6 is required for the proliferation and survival of myeloma cells and plasmablast cells.