MD-2/LY96 Protein, Human (142a.a, His)

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MD2 protein binds bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and collaborates with TLR4 in the innate immune response to LPS. It also interacts with TLR2 in the response to cell wall components from bacteria. MD2 enhances TLR4-dependent NF-kappa-B activation and forms a heterogeneous homomer, participating in a multi-protein complex with CD14 and TLR4. Ligand binding induces complex oligomerization, crucial for the cellular response to LPS. MD-2/LY96 Protein, Human (142a.a, His) is the recombinant human-derived MD2 protein, expressed by E. coli , with C-His labeled tag.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
  • Species: Human
  • Source: E. coli
  • Storage:
    Stored at -20°C for 2 years from date of receipt. After reconstitution, it is stable at 4°C for 1 week or -20°C for longer (with carrier protein). It is recommended to freeze aliquots at -20°C or -80°C for extended storage.
  • Biological Activity
  • Technical Parameters
  • Product Properties
  • Documentation
  • Help & FAQs

Biological Activity

Description

MD2 protein binds bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and collaborates with TLR4 in the innate immune response to LPS. It also interacts with TLR2 in the response to cell wall components from bacteria. MD2 enhances TLR4-dependent NF-kappa-B activation and forms a heterogeneous homomer, participating in a multi-protein complex with CD14 and TLR4. Ligand binding induces complex oligomerization, crucial for the cellular response to LPS. MD-2/LY96 Protein, Human (142a.a, His) is the recombinant human-derived MD2 protein, expressed by E. coli , with C-His labeled tag.

Background

MD2 Protein, a key player in the innate immune response, serves as a critical component in recognizing bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and coordinating immune reactions. It binds directly to LPS and collaborates with TLR4 to elicit the innate immune response to bacterial LPS. Moreover, MD2 works in tandem with TLR2, responding to cell wall components from both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. MD2's interaction with TLR4 enhances NF-kappa-B activation, emphasizing its role in signaling pathways. In cell contexts expressing both LY96 and TLR4, MD2 enables responsiveness to LPS, underlining its importance in the cellular recognition of bacterial components. Structurally, MD2 forms a heterogeneous homomer from homodimers linked by disulfide bonds and is a crucial component of the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) receptor complex, which includes at least CD14, LY96, and TLR4. MD2's ligand binding induces interactions with TLR4 and promotes the oligomerization of the complex, further highlighting its central role in the immune response to bacterial challenges.

Verified Bioactivity

Immobilized Human TLR-4 at 2 μg/mL (100 μL/well) can bind Biotinylated Human MD2. The ED50 for this effect is 0.08207 μg/mL.

Technical Parameters

  • Species Human
  • Source E. coli
  • Tag C-8*His
  • Accession
  • Gene ID
  • Molecular Construction
    • N-term
    • MD2 (Q19-N160)
      Accession # Q9Y6Y9-1
    • 8*His
    • C-term
  • Protein Length

    Full Length of Isoform-1 Mature Protein

  • Synonyms

    LY96; Ly-96; Lymphocyte Antigen 96; MD2; MD-2; Myeloid Differentiation Protein-2; Protein MD-2; MD-2 Mimetic Protein Variant; ESOP-1; ESOP1

  • AA Sequence

    QKQYWVCNSSDASISYTYCDKMQYPISINVNPCIELKRSKGLLHIFYIPRRDLKQLYFNLYITVNTMNLPKRKEVICRGSDDDYSFCRALKGETVNTTISFSFKGIKFSKGKYKCVVEAISGSPEEMLFCLEFVILHQPNSN

  • Predicted Molecular Mass

    18 kDa

  • Molecular Weight

    Approximately 18 kDa, based on SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions.

  • Purity

    ≥ 95%, as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE.

Product Properties

Appearance

Lyophilized powder.

Formulation

Lyophilized from a 0.22 μm filtered solution of 4 mM HCL, 8% trehalose.

Endotoxin Level

<1 EU/μg, determined by LAL method.

Reconstitution

It is not recommended to reconstitute to a concentration less than 100 μg/mL in 4 mM HCl.

Storage & Stability

Stored at -20°C for 2 years from date of receipt. After reconstitution, it is stable at 4°C for 1 week or -20°C for longer (with carrier protein). It is recommended to freeze aliquots at -20°C or -80°C for extended storage.

Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Calculators

Reconstitution Calculator

Volume (to add to vial) = Mass (in vial) ÷ Desired Reconstitution Concentration

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Desired Reconstitution Concentration Desired Reconstitution Concentration
Dilution Calculator

Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

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The Specific Activity Calculator Equation
  • Specific Activity (Unit/mg)
  • Biological Activity (ED50)

Specific Activity (Unit/mg) = 106 ÷ Biological Activity (ED50)

Specific Activity (Unit/mg) Specific Activity (Unit/mg)
Unit/mg
= 106 ÷
Biological Activity (ED50) Biological Activity (ED50)
106 ÷
ng/mL
MOQ
Minimum order quantity
100 mg

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