NLRP3 Protein, Mouse (His-SUMO)

NLRP3 protein functions as the sensor component of the NLRP3 inflammasome, orchestrating inflammasome activation in response to defects in membrane integrity. Upon encountering pathogens or damage-associated signals affecting membrane integrity, NLRP3 initiates the assembly of the inflammasome polymeric complex composed of NLRP3, CASP1, and PYCARD/ASC. Recruitment of pro-caspase-1 to the NLRP3 inflammasome results in caspase-1 activation, subsequently cleaving and activating inflammatory cytokines IL1B and IL18, along with gasdermin-D (GSDMD), leading to cytokine secretion and pyroptosis. NLRP3 activation stimuli encompass a range of factors, including extracellular ATP, nigericin, reactive oxygen species, crystals, and various environmental particles. Notably, almost all stimuli induce intracellular K(+) efflux, contributing to membrane perturbation and NLRP3 activation. The activated NLRP3 is transported to the microtubule organizing center (MTOC) and, upon interaction with NEK7, undergoes relocalization to dispersed trans-Golgi network (dTGN) vesicle membranes, forming an active inflammasome complex. Additionally, NLRP3 plays a role in T helper 2 (Th2) cell differentiation, influencing Th2 cell-dependent processes such as asthma and tumor growth by regulating the transcription of key genes involved in these pathways.