Vps29 Protein, Human

Vps29 acts as a pivotal component of the retromer cargo-selective complex (CSC), playing a crucial role in preventing the missorting of selected transmembrane cargo proteins into the lysosomal degradation pathway. The CSC, acting as a recruitment hub, coordinates the retrograde transport of cargo proteins from endosomes to the trans-Golgi network (TGN) through distinct retromer pathways mediated by SNX-BAR, SNX3, and SNX27 retromer complexes. Vps29 is integral to the regulation of transcytosis, exemplified by its involvement in the retrieval and recycling of the polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (pIgR-pIgA). Additionally, Vps29 is a key component of the retriever complex, which functions independently of retromer in retrieving and recycling diverse cargos, including integrin alpha-5/beta-1 (ITGA5:ITGB1) and NxxY-motif-containing cargo proteins. The retriever complex's recruitment to endosomal membranes involves CCC and WASH complexes. Vps29 is implicated in GLUT1 endosome-to-plasma membrane trafficking, dependent on its association with ANKRD27. Notably, in the context of microbial infection, the retromer CSC mediates the exit of human papillomavirus from early endosomes and facilitates delivery to the Golgi apparatus.