2. JAK/STAT Signaling Stem Cell/Wnt Apoptosis
  3. STAT Apoptosis
  4. C188-9

C188-9 (TTI-101) is a STAT3 inhibitor, with a Kd of 4.7 nM. C188-9 inhibits G-CSF-induced STAT3 activation and STAT3-dependent gene expression. C188-9 induces apoptosis in AML cell lines and primary samples and inhibits colony formation by primary AML blasts.

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C188-9 Chemical Structure

C188-9 Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 432001-19-9

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10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO
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Based on 16 publication(s) in Google Scholar

C188-9 Related Antibodies

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Description

C188-9 (TTI-101) is a STAT3 inhibitor, with a Kd of 4.7 nM. C188-9 inhibits G-CSF-induced STAT3 activation and STAT3-dependent gene expression. C188-9 induces apoptosis in AML cell lines and primary samples and inhibits colony formation by primary AML blasts[1][2][3][4].

IC50 & Target[1]

STAT3

4.7 nM (Kd)

In Vitro

C188-9 is a Stat3 inhibitor, with a Kd of 4.7 nM[1]. The IC50s of C188-9 to inhibit Stat3 activation in AML cell lines are in the range of 4-7 μM, and in primary AML samples the IC50s are in the range of 8-18 μM. For apoptosis studies, AML cell lines and primary samples are treated for 24 hours with C188-9, then apoptotic cells are quantified by FACS analysis for annexin V-labeled cells. The EC50s for apoptosis induction are quite variable, ranging from 6 μM to over 50 μM[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

C188-9 Related Antibodies
In Vivo

Of the approximately 13,528 discernible genes, levels of 37 gene transcripts are altered by C188 (17 down and 20 up-regulated, fdr <0.01, fold change≥1.5), of which 7 are known STAT3 gene targets. In comparison, C188-9 affects a much greater number of genes involved in oncogenesis (384 total, 95 down- and 289 up-regulated), including 76 genes previously reported as regulated by STAT3 (38 down-regulated and 38 up-regulated). Among the 38 genes previously shown to be upregulated by STAT3, 24 (63%) genes are downregulated by C188-9 treatment, as expected. Additionally, 10 more genes downregulated by C188-9 (fdr <0.01, fold change≥1.5) that previously are shown to be upregulated by STAT1. Thus, 40 of 48 (83.3%) genes downregulated by C188-9 previously are shown to be positively regulated by STAT1, including sixteen genes shown to be co-regulated by STAT3 and STAT1. This analysis raises the possibility that the effect of C188-9 on gene transcript levels in HNSCC tumors is mediated by its effects on both STAT3 and STAT1[3].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Clinical Trial
Molecular Weight

471.52

Formula

C27H21NO5S
CAS No.
Appearance

Solid

Color

Off-white to pink

SMILES

O=S(C1=CC=C(OC)C=C1)(NC2=C3C=CC=CC3=C(O)C(C4=C5C=CC=CC5=CC=C4O)=C2)=O
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage

4°C, protect from light

*In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light)

Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro: 

DMSO : 25 mg/mL (53.02 mM; ultrasonic and warming and heat to 60°C; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

Preparing
Stock Solutions
Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 2.1208 mL 10.6040 mL 21.2080 mL
5 mM 0.4242 mL 2.1208 mL 4.2416 mL
View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

  • Molarity Calculator

  • Dilution Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass
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Concentration
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Volume
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Molecular Weight *

Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

Concentration (start)

C1

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Volume (start)

V1

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C2

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Volume (final)

V2

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

  • Protocol 1

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% Saline

    Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (4.41 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

    Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

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(per animal)

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Number of animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
%
DMSO +
% 
+
%
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%
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Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Calculation results:
Working solution concentration: mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL  DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).

*In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light)

The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take μL DMSO stock solution, add μL . μL , mix evenly, next add μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add μL Saline.
 If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Purity & Documentation

Purity: 99.90%

COA (256 KB) HNMR (262 KB) LCMS (268 KB) Elemental Analysis Report (114 KB)

Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
Cell Assay
[1]

Cell lines are plated at 2 to 5×105 cells/mL in growth medium and treated with increasing doses of inhibitor for 24 hours. CD34+ AML cells are plated at 1 to 2×105 cells/mL in IMDM with 20% FBS and Pen/Strep, and incubated with C188-9 (0.3 to 100 μM) for 48 hours. Cells are then harvested and labeled. The fraction of spontaneous apoptosis is determined from an untreated sample and then subtracted from the drug-treated samples to yield the percentage of apoptosis attributed to drug treatment[1].

MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Animal Administration
[3]

Mice[3]
UM-SCC-17B cells (1.5×106) are injected into the tongues of athymic, 8-10 week old, male, nude mice. Once tumors are established, mice (20 total; 10/group) are randomized (average tumor vol ~15-20 mm3) to receive 5 times a week, intraperitoneal injections of either DMSO or C188 (50 mg/kg) or C188-9 (100 mg/kg). Tumor volumes are measured twice weekly. Average tumor volumes 6/πx (long dimension) x (short dimension)2)) are calculated and normalized to the volume at first day of treatment and plotted comparison is done by t test (* p<0.05) [3].

MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
References

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
DMSO 1 mM 2.1208 mL 10.6040 mL 21.2080 mL 53.0200 mL
5 mM 0.4242 mL 2.1208 mL 4.2416 mL 10.6040 mL
10 mM 0.2121 mL 1.0604 mL 2.1208 mL 5.3020 mL
15 mM 0.1414 mL 0.7069 mL 1.4139 mL 3.5347 mL
20 mM 0.1060 mL 0.5302 mL 1.0604 mL 2.6510 mL
25 mM 0.0848 mL 0.4242 mL 0.8483 mL 2.1208 mL
30 mM 0.0707 mL 0.3535 mL 0.7069 mL 1.7673 mL
40 mM 0.0530 mL 0.2651 mL 0.5302 mL 1.3255 mL
50 mM 0.0424 mL 0.2121 mL 0.4242 mL 1.0604 mL
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C188-9 Related Classifications

Help & FAQs
  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

Keywords:

C188-9432001-19-9TTI-101TTI101TTI 101STATApoptosisInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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