Serotonin (Synonyms: 5-Hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT)

Name: Serotonin
Brand: MedChemExpress
SKU: HY-B1473A
Rating: 5.0 (31 reviews)

Cat. No.: HY-B1473A Purity: 98.96%: Data Sheet
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Serotonin is a monoamine neurotransmitter in the CNS and an endogenous 5-HT receptor agonist. Serotonin is also a catechol O-methyltransferase (COMT) inhibitor with a K_i of 44 μM.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

CAS No. : 50-67-9

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Solid + Solvent (Highly Recommended)
10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO ready for reconstitution	In-stock	Estimated Time of Arrival: December 31
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10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO	In-stock	Estimated Time of Arrival: December 31
Solid
1 mg	In-stock	Estimated Time of Arrival: December 31
5 mg	In-stock	Estimated Time of Arrival: December 31
10 mg	In-stock	Estimated Time of Arrival: December 31
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Based on 31 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Other Forms of Serotonin:

31 Publications Citing Use of MCE Serotonin

Cell Proliferation/Viability Assay

ELISA

Cell Migration/Invasion Assay

RT-PCR

: Serotonin purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: iScience. 2025 Nov 19;28(12):114120. [Abstract]; Scratch tests were used to observe the migration ability of MLE-12 cells treated with 5-HT (Serotonin, 10 μM) for 24 h.

: Serotonin purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: iScience. 2025 Jun 18;28(7):112931. [Abstract]; SH-SY5Y cells were treated with 10 μM Serotonin (5-HT), then the intracellular 5-HT was detected through ELISA assay for 0, 60, 120 min.

: Serotonin purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Curr Res Food Sci. 2024 Apr 26:8:100754. [Abstract]; Dose-response and time course of cell viability after in vitro administration of 5-HT(Serotonin);

: Serotonin purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: J Immunother Cancer. 2021 Jul;9(7):e002383. [Abstract]; Relative IDO1 transcription levels detected by quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis in BT549 cells treated with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4, 10 µM), 5-HTP (500 µM), serotonin (10 µM), NAS (100 µM), and melatonin (1 µM) for 24 hours.

: Serotonin purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: J Immunother Cancer. 2021 Jul;9(7):e002383. [Abstract]; Relative IDO1 levels detected by western blot in BT549 cells treated with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4, 10 µM), 5-HTP (500 µM), serotonin (10 µM), NAS (100 µM), and melatonin (1 µM) for 24 hours.

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Human Endogenous Metabolite Microbial Metabolite

Biological Activity
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Customer Review

Description

Serotonin is a monoamine neurotransmitter in the CNS and an endogenous 5-HT receptor agonist. Serotonin is also a catechol O-methyltransferase (COMT) inhibitor with a K_i of 44 μM.

IC₅₀ & Target

Microbial Metabolite

Human Endogenous Metabolite

Cellular Effect

Cell Line	Type	Value	Description	References
B16	IC₅₀	550 μM Compound: 17	Inhibition of catecholase activity of tyrosinase in mouse B16 cells assessed as dopachrome formation Inhibition of catecholase activity of tyrosinase in mouse B16 cells assessed as dopachrome formation	[PMID: 19524439]
B16	IC₅₀	> 30 μM Compound: 17	Antimelanogenic activity in mouse B16 cells assessed as inhibition of intracellular melanin accumulation after 2 days Antimelanogenic activity in mouse B16 cells assessed as inhibition of intracellular melanin accumulation after 2 days	[PMID: 19524439]
C6	EC₅₀	12 nM Compound: 5-HT	Agonist activity at human 5HT4 isoform E receptor expressed in rat C6 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation by radio-immunoassay relative to 5HT Agonist activity at human 5HT4 isoform E receptor expressed in rat C6 cells assessed as cAMP accumulation by radio-immunoassay relative to 5HT	[PMID: 19334715]
CHO	EC₅₀	0.7 nM Compound: 5-HT	Agonist activity assessed by stimulation of [35S]GTP-gamma-S binding to human 5HT1A receptor expressed in CHO cells Agonist activity assessed by stimulation of [35S]GTP-gamma-S binding to human 5HT1A receptor expressed in CHO cells	[PMID: 16458504]
CHO	EC₅₀	1 nM Compound: 5-HT	Agonistic activity at human 5HT1A in CHO cells by the inhibition of forskolin-stimulated cAMP accumulation Agonistic activity at human 5HT1A in CHO cells by the inhibition of forskolin-stimulated cAMP accumulation	[PMID: 16392798]
CHO	EC₅₀	1.5 nM Compound: 2	Binding to human 5HT2B receptor expressed in CHO cells Binding to human 5HT2B receptor expressed in CHO cells	[PMID: 16257207]
CHO	EC₅₀	1.5 nM Compound: 5-HT	Functional activity against human 5-hydroxytryptamine 2B receptor expressed in CHO cells using fluorometric imaging plate reader Functional activity against human 5-hydroxytryptamine 2B receptor expressed in CHO cells using fluorometric imaging plate reader	[PMID: 15081042]
CHO	EC₅₀	1.63 nM Compound: 5-HT	Agonist activity at 5HT2C receptor expressed in CHO cells by fluorescence based calcium mobilization assay Agonist activity at 5HT2C receptor expressed in CHO cells by fluorescence based calcium mobilization assay	[PMID: 22381048]
CHO	EC₅₀	1.7 nM Compound: 2	Binding to human 5HT2C receptor expressed in CHO cells Binding to human 5HT2C receptor expressed in CHO cells	[PMID: 16257207]
CHO	EC₅₀	1.7 nM Compound: 5-HT	Functional activity against human 5-hydroxytryptamine 2C receptor expressed in CHO cells using fluorometric imaging plate reader Functional activity against human 5-hydroxytryptamine 2C receptor expressed in CHO cells using fluorometric imaging plate reader	[PMID: 15081042]
CHO	EC₅₀	11 nM Compound: 2	Binding to human 5HT2A receptor expressed in CHO cells Binding to human 5HT2A receptor expressed in CHO cells	[PMID: 16257207]
CHO	EC₅₀	11 nM Compound: 5-HT	Functional activity against human 5-hydroxytryptamine 2A receptor expressed in CHO cells using fluorometric imaging plate reader Functional activity against human 5-hydroxytryptamine 2A receptor expressed in CHO cells using fluorometric imaging plate reader	[PMID: 15081042]
CHO	EC₅₀	147 nM Compound: 5-HT	Agonist activity at 5HT1A receptor expressed in CHO cells assessed as stimulation of [35S]GTPgamma binding Agonist activity at 5HT1A receptor expressed in CHO cells assessed as stimulation of [35S]GTPgamma binding	[PMID: 20041669]
CHO	EC₅₀	150 nM Compound: 5-HT	Agonist activity at 5HT1A receptor expressed in CHO cells by [35S]GTPgammaS binding assay Agonist activity at 5HT1A receptor expressed in CHO cells by [35S]GTPgammaS binding assay	[PMID: 19559623]
CHO	EC₅₀	24 nM Compound: 5-HT	Agonist activity at human cloned 5HT2C receptor expressed in CHO cells assessed as myo-[3H]inositol hydrolysis Agonist activity at human cloned 5HT2C receptor expressed in CHO cells assessed as myo-[3H]inositol hydrolysis	[PMID: 18035544]
CHO	EC₅₀	25 nM Compound: 5-HT	Agonist activity at human recombinant 5HT2C receptor expressed in CHO K1 cells assessed as induction of calcium mobilization by FLIPR assay Agonist activity at human recombinant 5HT2C receptor expressed in CHO K1 cells assessed as induction of calcium mobilization by FLIPR assay	[PMID: 19646865]
CHO	EC₅₀	3.7 nM Compound: 5-HT	Tested for functional response on CHO cells expressing cloned human 5-hydroxytryptamine 1A receptor Tested for functional response on CHO cells expressing cloned human 5-hydroxytryptamine 1A receptor	[PMID: 12954071]
CHO	EC₅₀	4.67 nM Compound: 1	The intrinsic activity was evaluated for its ability to inhibit forskolin-stimulated c-AMP formation mediated by cloned 5-hydroxytryptamine 1B receptor in CHO cell line; Full Agonist The intrinsic activity was evaluated for its ability to inhibit forskolin-stimulated c-AMP formation mediated by cloned 5-hydroxytryptamine 1B receptor in CHO cell line; Full Agonist	[PMID: 9871775]
CHO	EC₅₀	70 nM Compound: 5-HT	Agonist activity at human cloned 5HT2A receptor expressed in CHO cells assessed as myo-[3H]inositol hydrolysis Agonist activity at human cloned 5HT2A receptor expressed in CHO cells assessed as myo-[3H]inositol hydrolysis	[PMID: 18035544]
CHO	IC₅₀	1.2 x 10^-7 M Compound: Serotonin	Displacement of [3H]LSD from human recombinant 5-HT6 receptor expressed in CHO cells Displacement of [3H]LSD from human recombinant 5-HT6 receptor expressed in CHO cells	[PMID: 26988801]
CHO	IC₅₀	1.2 x 10^-7 M Compound: Serotonin	Displacement of [3H]LSD from human recombinant 5HT6 receptor expressed in CHO cells measured after 120 mins by scintillation counting method Displacement of [3H]LSD from human recombinant 5HT6 receptor expressed in CHO cells measured after 120 mins by scintillation counting method	[PMID: 27876250]
CHO	IC₅₀	2.5 x 10^-10 M Compound: Serotonin	Displacement of [3H]LSD from human recombinant 5-HT7 receptor expressed in CHO cells Displacement of [3H]LSD from human recombinant 5-HT7 receptor expressed in CHO cells	[PMID: 26988801]
CHO	IC₅₀	2.5 x 10^-10 M Compound: Serotonin	Displacement of [3H]LSD from human recombinant 5HT7 receptor expressed in CHO cells measured after 120 mins by scintillation counting method Displacement of [3H]LSD from human recombinant 5HT7 receptor expressed in CHO cells measured after 120 mins by scintillation counting method	[PMID: 27876250]
CHO	IC₅₀	2.55 x 10^-3 μM Compound: 5-HT	Displacement of [3H]LSD from human 5HT7 receptor expressed in CHO cells Displacement of [3H]LSD from human 5HT7 receptor expressed in CHO cells	[PMID: 12713409]
CHO-K1	EC₅₀	0.07 μM Compound: Serotonin	Agonist activity at human recombinant 5-HT7 receptor expressed in CHOK1 Hunter cell incubated for 30 to 60 mins by hit-hunter cAMP assay based chemiluminescence analysis Agonist activity at human recombinant 5-HT7 receptor expressed in CHOK1 Hunter cell incubated for 30 to 60 mins by hit-hunter cAMP assay based chemiluminescence analysis	[PMID: 32631561]
CHO-K1	EC₅₀	15 nM Compound: Serotonin	Agonist activity at human recombinant 5HT7 receptor expressed in CHOK1 cells assessed as increase in cAMP levels by HTRF assay Agonist activity at human recombinant 5HT7 receptor expressed in CHOK1 cells assessed as increase in cAMP levels by HTRF assay	[PMID: 19326916]
CHO-K1	EC₅₀	15.33 nM Compound: 5-HT	Agonist activity at 5-HT1A receptor (unknown origin) expressed in CHOK1 cells co-expressing G-alpha 15 by Fluo-4 dye based FLIPR assay Agonist activity at 5-HT1A receptor (unknown origin) expressed in CHOK1 cells co-expressing G-alpha 15 by Fluo-4 dye based FLIPR assay	[PMID: 27487565]
CHO-K1	EC₅₀	16 nM Compound: 5-HT	Agonist activity at 5HT2A receptor (unknown origin) expressed in CHOK1 cells coexpressing Galpha15 by FLIPR assay Agonist activity at 5HT2A receptor (unknown origin) expressed in CHOK1 cells coexpressing Galpha15 by FLIPR assay	[PMID: 23675993]
CHO-K1	EC₅₀	18 nM Compound: Serotonin	Agonist activity at human recombinant 5HT1A receptor (unknown origin) stably expressed in CHO-K1 incubated for 30 mins by [35S]GTPgammaS binding assay Agonist activity at human recombinant 5HT1A receptor (unknown origin) stably expressed in CHO-K1 incubated for 30 mins by [35S]GTPgammaS binding assay	[PMID: 31627993]
CHO-K1	EC₅₀	39 nM Compound: 5-HT	Agonist activity at 5HT1A receptor (unknown origin) expressed in CHOK1 cells coexpressing Galpha15 by FLIPR assay Agonist activity at 5HT1A receptor (unknown origin) expressed in CHOK1 cells coexpressing Galpha15 by FLIPR assay	[PMID: 23675993]
CHO-K1	EC₅₀	4.82 nM Compound: 5-HT	Inhibition of forskolin-stimulated c-AMP formation by human 5-hydroxytryptamine 1B receptor expressed in CHO-K1 cells Inhibition of forskolin-stimulated c-AMP formation by human 5-hydroxytryptamine 1B receptor expressed in CHO-K1 cells	[PMID: 8960551]
CHO-K1	EC₅₀	45.3 nM Compound: Serotonin	Partial agonist activity at recombinant human 5-HT1A expressed in CHO-K1 cells by pathhunter beta-arrestin assay Partial agonist activity at recombinant human 5-HT1A expressed in CHO-K1 cells by pathhunter beta-arrestin assay	[PMID: 32631554]
CHO-K1	EC₅₀	47 nM Compound: 5-HT	Agonist activity at 5-HT2A receptor (unknown origin) expressed in CHOK1 cells co-expressing G-alpha 15 by Fluo-4 dye based FLIPR assay Agonist activity at 5-HT2A receptor (unknown origin) expressed in CHOK1 cells co-expressing G-alpha 15 by Fluo-4 dye based FLIPR assay	[PMID: 27487565]
Flp-In-293	EC₅₀	0.19 nM Compound: Serotonin	Agonist activity at recombinant human unedited 5HT2C receptor isoform INI expressed in Flp-In-293 cells assessed as increase in calcium influx measured for 300 secs by Fluo-4 dye based FLIPR assay Agonist activity at recombinant human unedited 5HT2C receptor isoform INI expressed in Flp-In-293 cells assessed as increase in calcium influx measured for 300 secs by Fluo-4 dye based FLIPR assay	[PMID: 31445232]
Flp-In-293	EC₅₀	0.27 nM Compound: Serotonin	Agonist activity at recombinant human 5HT2A receptor expressed in Flp-In-293 cells assessed as increase in calcium influx measured for 300 secs by Fluo-4 dye based FLIPR assay Agonist activity at recombinant human 5HT2A receptor expressed in Flp-In-293 cells assessed as increase in calcium influx measured for 300 secs by Fluo-4 dye based FLIPR assay	[PMID: 31445232]
Flp-In-293	EC₅₀	0.86 nM Compound: Serotonin	Agonist activity at recombinant human 5HT2B receptor expressed in Flp-In-293 cells assessed as increase in calcium influx measured for 300 secs by Fluo-4 dye based FLIPR assay Agonist activity at recombinant human 5HT2B receptor expressed in Flp-In-293 cells assessed as increase in calcium influx measured for 300 secs by Fluo-4 dye based FLIPR assay	[PMID: 31445232]
HEK293	EC₅₀	0.00087 μM Compound: 5-HT, serotonin	Agonist activity at human 5HT2C receptor expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as induction of intracellular calcium release measured for 90 secs by fluorescence assay Agonist activity at human 5HT2C receptor expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as induction of intracellular calcium release measured for 90 secs by fluorescence assay	[PMID: 23301527]
HEK293	EC₅₀	0.0026 μM Compound: 5-HT, serotonin	Agonist activity at human 5HT2A receptor expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as induction of intracellular calcium release measured for 90 secs by fluorescence assay Agonist activity at human 5HT2A receptor expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as induction of intracellular calcium release measured for 90 secs by fluorescence assay	[PMID: 23301527]
HEK293	EC₅₀	0.017 μM Compound: 5-HT, serotonin	Agonist activity at human 5-HT7 expressed in HEK-293 cells assessed as increase in cAMP level after 45 mins by HTRF assay Agonist activity at human 5-HT7 expressed in HEK-293 cells assessed as increase in cAMP level after 45 mins by HTRF assay	[PMID: 25073094]
HEK293	EC₅₀	0.044 μM Compound: 5-HT, serotonin	Agonist activity at human 5HT2C receptor expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as accumulation of IP1 incubated for 1 hr at 37 degC followed by 15 mins at RT by TR-FRET assay Agonist activity at human 5HT2C receptor expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as accumulation of IP1 incubated for 1 hr at 37 degC followed by 15 mins at RT by TR-FRET assay	[PMID: 23301527]
HEK293	EC₅₀	0.09 nM Compound: 1	Agonist activity at human 5HT2C receptor expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as calcium flux by FLIPR assay Agonist activity at human 5HT2C receptor expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as calcium flux by FLIPR assay	[PMID: 19284718]
HEK293	EC₅₀	0.09 nM Compound: 5-HT	Agonist activity at human 5HT2C receptor expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as calcium flux measured every sec for 3 mins by FLIPR assay Agonist activity at human 5HT2C receptor expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as calcium flux measured every sec for 3 mins by FLIPR assay	[PMID: 22778800]
HEK293	EC₅₀	0.1 μM Compound: serotonin	Activity at SER4 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in calcium by calcium imaging assay Activity at SER4 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in calcium by calcium imaging assay	[PMID: 18033297]
HEK293	EC₅₀	0.15 μM Compound: 5-HT, serotonin	Agonist activity at human 5HT2A receptor expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as accumulation of IP1 incubated for 1 hr at 37 degC followed by 15 mins at RT by TR-FRET assay Agonist activity at human 5HT2A receptor expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as accumulation of IP1 incubated for 1 hr at 37 degC followed by 15 mins at RT by TR-FRET assay	[PMID: 23301527]
HEK293	EC₅₀	0.17 nM Compound: 5-HT	Agonist activity at human 5-HT2C-INI receptor isoform expressed in Flp-IN HEK293 cells assessed as induction of Gq-mediated calcium flux measured every second for 5 mins by Fluo-4 dye based FLIPR assay Agonist activity at human 5-HT2C-INI receptor isoform expressed in Flp-IN HEK293 cells assessed as induction of Gq-mediated calcium flux measured every second for 5 mins by Fluo-4 dye based FLIPR assay	[PMID: 28657744]
HEK293	EC₅₀	0.21 nM Compound: 5-HT	Agonist activity at human 5-HT2C receptor expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as calcium flux by FLIPR assay Agonist activity at human 5-HT2C receptor expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as calcium flux by FLIPR assay	[PMID: 25633969]
HEK293	EC₅₀	0.4 nM Compound: 5-HT	Agonist activity at human 5-HT2C receptor expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in calcium mobilization by FLIPR assay Agonist activity at human 5-HT2C receptor expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in calcium mobilization by FLIPR assay	[PMID: 23602445]
HEK293	EC₅₀	0.41 nM Compound: 5-HT	Agonist activity at human 5HT2C receptor stably expressed in HEK293 cells co-expressing Gq assessed as induction of calcium mobilization measured at 1 sec interval for 60 secs by Fluo-4 calcium dye based FLIPR assay Agonist activity at human 5HT2C receptor stably expressed in HEK293 cells co-expressing Gq assessed as induction of calcium mobilization measured at 1 sec interval for 60 secs by Fluo-4 calcium dye based FLIPR assay	[PMID: 32282200]
HEK293	EC₅₀	0.5 nM Compound: 1	Agonist activity at human 5HT2B receptor expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as calcium flux by FLIPR assay Agonist activity at human 5HT2B receptor expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as calcium flux by FLIPR assay	[PMID: 19284718]
HEK293	EC₅₀	0.5 μM Compound: 5-HT	Antagonist activity at human 5HT3A receptor expressed in HEK293 cells by FMP assay Antagonist activity at human 5HT3A receptor expressed in HEK293 cells by FMP assay	[PMID: 17722904]
HEK293	EC₅₀	0.86 nM Compound: 5-HT	Agonist activity at human 5HT2B receptor expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as calcium flux measured every sec for 3 mins by FLIPR assay Agonist activity at human 5HT2B receptor expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as calcium flux measured every sec for 3 mins by FLIPR assay	[PMID: 22778800]
HEK293	EC₅₀	0.92 nM Compound: 5-HT	Agonist activity at human 5-HT2B receptor expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as calcium flux by FLIPR assay Agonist activity at human 5-HT2B receptor expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as calcium flux by FLIPR assay	[PMID: 25633969]
HEK293	EC₅₀	1.1 nM Compound: 5-HT	Agonist activity at human 5-HT2B receptor expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in calcium mobilization by FLIPR assay Agonist activity at human 5-HT2B receptor expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in calcium mobilization by FLIPR assay	[PMID: 23602445]
HEK293	EC₅₀	1.46 nM Compound: 5-HT	Agonist activity at human 5-HT2B receptor expressed in Flp-IN HEK293 cells assessed as induction of calcium flux measured every second for 5 mins by Fluo-4 dye based FLIPR assay Agonist activity at human 5-HT2B receptor expressed in Flp-IN HEK293 cells assessed as induction of calcium flux measured every second for 5 mins by Fluo-4 dye based FLIPR assay	[PMID: 28657744]
HEK293	EC₅₀	1.5 nM Compound: 5-HT	Agonist activity at human 5-HT2A receptor expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in calcium mobilization by FLIPR assay Agonist activity at human 5-HT2A receptor expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in calcium mobilization by FLIPR assay	[PMID: 23602445]
HEK293	EC₅₀	1.88 nM Compound: 5-HT	Agonist activity at human 5-HT2A receptor expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as calcium flux by FLIPR assay Agonist activity at human 5-HT2A receptor expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as calcium flux by FLIPR assay	[PMID: 25633969]
HEK293	EC₅₀	141 nM Compound: 5-HT	Partial agonist activity at human 5HT3A receptor expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as decrease in 10 uM 5-chloroindole-induced increase in intracellular calcium release Partial agonist activity at human 5HT3A receptor expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as decrease in 10 uM 5-chloroindole-induced increase in intracellular calcium release	[PMID: 21146988]
HEK293	EC₅₀	178 nM Compound: 5-HT	Partial agonist activity at human 5HT3A receptor expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as effect on serotonin-induced response Partial agonist activity at human 5HT3A receptor expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as effect on serotonin-induced response	[PMID: 21146988]
HEK293	EC₅₀	2.35 nM Compound: 5-HT	Agonist activity at human 5-HT2A receptor expressed in Flp-IN HEK293 cells assessed as induction of calcium flux measured every second for 5 mins by Fluo-4 dye based FLIPR assay Agonist activity at human 5-HT2A receptor expressed in Flp-IN HEK293 cells assessed as induction of calcium flux measured every second for 5 mins by Fluo-4 dye based FLIPR assay	[PMID: 28657744]
HEK293	EC₅₀	3.75 nM Compound: 5-HT	Agonist activity at 5-HT1A receptor (unknown origin) expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as inhibition of [35S]GTPgammaS binding by scintillation proximity assay Agonist activity at 5-HT1A receptor (unknown origin) expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as inhibition of [35S]GTPgammaS binding by scintillation proximity assay	[PMID: 23332346]
HEK293	EC₅₀	5.8 nM Compound: 1	Agonist activity at human 5HT2A receptor expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as calcium flux by FLIPR assay Agonist activity at human 5HT2A receptor expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as calcium flux by FLIPR assay	[PMID: 19284718]
HEK293	EC₅₀	5.8 x 10^-3 μM Compound: 5-HT	Agonist activity at human 5-HT7R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as induction of cAMP levels treated for 10 mins measured after 30 mins by D2-dye based fluorescence assay Agonist activity at human 5-HT7R expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as induction of cAMP levels treated for 10 mins measured after 30 mins by D2-dye based fluorescence assay	[PMID: 27475109]
HEK293	EC₅₀	7.6 nM Compound: 5-HT	Agonist activity at human 5HT2A receptor expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as calcium flux measured every sec for 3 mins by FLIPR assay Agonist activity at human 5HT2A receptor expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as calcium flux measured every sec for 3 mins by FLIPR assay	[PMID: 22778800]
HEK293	IC₅₀	1.8 x 10^-7 M Compound: Serotonin	Displacement of [3H]LSD from human recombinant 5-HT5A receptor expressed in HEK293 cells Displacement of [3H]LSD from human recombinant 5-HT5A receptor expressed in HEK293 cells	[PMID: 26988801]
HEK293	IC₅₀	1.8 x 10^-7 M Compound: Serotonin	Displacement of [3H]LSD from human recombinant 5HT5A receptor expressed in HEK293 cells measured after 120 mins by scintillation counting method Displacement of [3H]LSD from human recombinant 5HT5A receptor expressed in HEK293 cells measured after 120 mins by scintillation counting method	[PMID: 27876250]
HEK293	IC₅₀	260 nM Compound: Serotonin	Displacement of [3H]LSD from human recombinant 5-HT5a receptor in HEK293 cells after 120 mins by scintillation counting Displacement of [3H]LSD from human recombinant 5-HT5a receptor in HEK293 cells after 120 mins by scintillation counting	[PMID: 27997171]
HEK293-EBNA	EC₅₀	5.8 nM Compound: 5-HT	Agonist activity at human cloned 5HT2B receptor expressed in HEK293-EBNA cells assessed as myo-[3H]inositol hydrolysis Agonist activity at human cloned 5HT2B receptor expressed in HEK293-EBNA cells assessed as myo-[3H]inositol hydrolysis	[PMID: 18035544]
HRPE	IC₅₀	97 μM Compound: Serotonin	TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of MPP+ uptake (MPP+: 1 uM) in OCT3-expressing HRPE cells TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of MPP+ uptake (MPP+: 1 uM) in OCT3-expressing HRPE cells	[PMID: 9830022]
NG108-15	EC₅₀	293 nM Compound: 5-HT	In Vitro 5-HT3 agonist activity on the [14C]guanidinium accumulation in NG 108-15 cells. In Vitro 5-HT3 agonist activity on the [14C]guanidinium accumulation in NG 108-15 cells.	[PMID: 9191957]
NG108-15	EC₅₀	298 nM Compound: 5-HT	Quantitative effect on the [14C]guanidinium accumulation in NG 108-15 cells. Quantitative effect on the [14C]guanidinium accumulation in NG 108-15 cells.	[PMID: 10229626]
Oocyte	EC₅₀	12 μM Compound: Serotonin	Response at rat 5-hydroxytryptamine 3a receptor expressed in xenopus oocytes Response at rat 5-hydroxytryptamine 3a receptor expressed in xenopus oocytes	[PMID: 15050614]
U2OS	IC₅₀	1.25 nM Compound: Serotonin	Antagonist activity at recombinant human 5-HT2C expressed in human U2OS cells by pathhunter beta-arrestin assay Antagonist activity at recombinant human 5-HT2C expressed in human U2OS cells by pathhunter beta-arrestin assay	[PMID: 32631554]
U2OS	IC₅₀	27.9 nM Compound: Serotonin	Antagonist activity at recombinant human 5-HT2A expressed in human U2OS cells by pathhunter beta-arrestin assay Antagonist activity at recombinant human 5-HT2A expressed in human U2OS cells by pathhunter beta-arrestin assay	[PMID: 32631554]

In Vitro

Serotonin is a monoamine neurotransmitter in the CNS and an endogenous 5-HT receptor agonist. Serotonin also inhibits catechol O-methyltransferase (COMT), an enzyme that contributes to modultion the perception of pain, via non-competitive binding to the site bound by catechol substrates with a binding affinity comparable to the binding affinity of catechol itself (K_i= 44 μM). Results show that addition of 100 μM of Serotonin decreases the reaction velocity of COMT^[1].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

In Vivo

Serotonin produces robust hypersensitivity compare to saline-treated controls (p<0.001)^[1].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Molecular Weight

176.22

Formula

C₁₀H₁₂N₂O

CAS No.

50-67-9

Appearance

Solid

Color

Light yellow to brown

SMILES

OC1=CC2=C(NC=C2CCN)C=C1

Structure Classification

Initial Source

Endogenous metabolite

Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Storage

-20°C, sealed storage, away from moisture

*In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)

Solvent & Solubility

In Vitro:

DMSO : 100 mg/mL (567.47 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

Preparing
Stock Solutions

Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg

1 mM	5.6747 mL	28.3736 mL	56.7472 mL
5 mM	1.1349 mL	5.6747 mL	11.3494 mL
10 mM	0.5675 mL	2.8374 mL	5.6747 mL

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Molarity Calculator
Dilution Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Concentration _(start) × Volume _(start) = Concentration _(final) × Volume _(final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C₁V₁ = C₂V₂

Concentration _(start)

Volume _(start)

Concentration _(final)

Volume _(final)

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline
Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (14.19 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
Protocol 2

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)
Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (14.19 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator

Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage

mg/kg

Animal weight
(per animal)

Dosing volume
(per animal)

μL

Number of animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Please enter your animal formula composition:

DMSO +

Tween-80 +

Saline

Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.

The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).

Calculation results:

Working solution concentration: mg/mL

Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).

*In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)

The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).

Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take μL DMSO stock solution, add μL . μL , mix evenly, next add μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add μL Saline.

If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.

Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.

Purity & Documentation

Purity: 99.86%

Select Batch:

Data Sheet (275 KB) SDS (420 KB)

COA (247 KB) RP-HPLC (257 KB) Elemental Analysis Report (106 KB)

Handling Instructions (2659 KB)

References

[1]. Tsao D, et al. Serotonin-induced hypersensitivity via inhibition of catechol O-methyltransferase activity. Mol Pain. 2012 Apr 13;8:25. [Content Brief]

Cell Assay ^[2]	For macrophage culture, peritoneal cavity cells are collected from WT and IL-13^-/- mice with or without dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) treatment and cultured. Cells are plated at a concentration of 3.0×10⁶ cells per millilitre, and treated with either lipopolysaccharides (LPS); (100 ng/mL) or Serotonin (10^-10 M) for 24 hours. The culture supernatant are collected and stored in -80°C until determination of cytokine levels using protein array system^[2]. MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Animal Administration ^[2]	Dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) colitis is induced by orally administering 5% DSS in drinking water for 5 days. In a separate experiment, IL-13^-/- mice are injected subcutaneously with 100 mg/kg of Serotonin (5-HTP) twice daily for 8 days beginning 3 days prior to induction of DSS colitis; whereas, the control IL-13^-/- mice receive saline as vehicle. Animals are anaesthetized prior to euthanization via cervical dislocation at the conclusion of each experiment or if they reach a predetermined end point (ie, loss of ≥20% body weight and/or significant deterioration of body condition)^[2]. MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
References	[1]. Tsao D, et al. Serotonin-induced hypersensitivity via inhibition of catechol O-methyltransferase activity. Mol Pain. 2012 Apr 13;8:25. [Content Brief]

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Optional Solvent	Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg	25 mg

DMSO	1 mM	5.6747 mL	28.3736 mL	56.7472 mL	141.8681 mL
	5 mM	1.1349 mL	5.6747 mL	11.3494 mL	28.3736 mL
	10 mM	0.5675 mL	2.8374 mL	5.6747 mL	14.1868 mL
	15 mM	0.3783 mL	1.8916 mL	3.7831 mL	9.4579 mL
	20 mM	0.2837 mL	1.4187 mL	2.8374 mL	7.0934 mL
	25 mM	0.2270 mL	1.1349 mL	2.2699 mL	5.6747 mL
	30 mM	0.1892 mL	0.9458 mL	1.8916 mL	4.7289 mL
	40 mM	0.1419 mL	0.7093 mL	1.4187 mL	3.5467 mL
	50 mM	0.1135 mL	0.5675 mL	1.1349 mL	2.8374 mL
	60 mM	0.0946 mL	0.4729 mL	0.9458 mL	2.3645 mL
	80 mM	0.0709 mL	0.3547 mL	0.7093 mL	1.7734 mL
	100 mM	0.0567 mL	0.2837 mL	0.5675 mL	1.4187 mL

Serotonin Related Classifications

Neurological Disease

Help & FAQs

Do most proteins show cross-species activity?
Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

Keywords:

Serotonin50-67-95-Hydroxytryptamine 5-HT5-HT ReceptorCOMTEndogenous MetaboliteSerotonin Receptor5-hydroxytryptamine ReceptorCatechol-O-methyltransferaseInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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Serotonin (Synonyms: 5-Hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT)

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