Topotecan hydrochloride
Based on 38 publication(s) in Google Scholar
Topotecan Hydrochloride (SKF 104864A Hydrochloride) is a Topoisomerase I inhibitor with potent antineoplastic activities.
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
- Purity: 99.89%
- CAS No.: 119413-54-6
- Formula: C23H24ClN3O5
- Molecular Weight:457.91
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Storage:
4°C, sealed storage, away from moisture and light
* In solvent : -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year (sealed storage, away from moisture and light)
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Biological Activity
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Chemical Information
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Solvent & Solubility
- Protocol
- Purity & Documentation
- References
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Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Topotecan hydrochloride
More- Cancer Res. 2023 Dec 15;83(24):4015-4029. [Abstract]
- Nat Commun. 2025 Jun 2;16(1):5126. [Abstract]
- Nat Commun. 2019 Aug 21;10(1):3761. [Abstract]
- J Extracell Vesicles. 2022 Apr;11(4):e12206. [Abstract]
- J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2018 Dec 20;37(1):321. [Abstract]
- MedComm (2020). 2025 Nov 29;6(12):e70517. [Abstract]
- Cell Rep Med. 2025 Apr 2:102053. [Abstract]
- Pharmacol Res. 2024 May 9:204:107208. [Abstract]
- Cell Death Dis. 2024 Jan 18;15(1):66. [Abstract]
- Cell Commun Signal. 2024 Jun 13;22(1):325. [Abstract]
- Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2021 Jan;42(1):108-114. [Abstract]
- Cancer Immunol Res. 2023 May 3;11(5):583-599. [Abstract]
- NPJ Precis Oncol. 2024 Jun 5;8(1):128. [Abstract]
- J Transl Med. 2024 Aug 14;22(1):766. [Abstract]
- Cell Rep. 2025 Mar 25;44(4):115466. [Abstract]
- Cell Rep. 2025 Jan 11;44(1):115171. [Abstract]
- Eur J Med Chem. 2024 Dec 5:279:116842. [Abstract]
- Biochem Pharmacol. 2023 Oct:216:115769. [Abstract]
- Pharmaceutics. 2022 Nov 24;14(12):2595. [Abstract]
- Int J Mol Sci. 2025 Apr 17;26(8):3790. [Abstract]
- Cell Rep Methods. 2023 Oct 23;3(10):100599. [Abstract]
- J Biomed Inform. 2023 Jun:142:104383. [Abstract]
- Cancers (Basel). 2021 Dec 31;14(1):193. [Abstract]
- J Cell Mol Med. 2026 Apr;30(7):e71101. [Abstract]
- J Mol Med (Berl). 2019 Aug;97(8):1183-1193. [Abstract]
- Sci Rep. 2019 Oct 22;9(1):15099. [Abstract]
- J Virol. 2019 May 15;93(11):e02230-18. [Abstract]
- Bioengineering (Basel). 2025 Oct 19;12(10):1121. [Abstract]
- J Nat Prod. 2025 Mar 28;88(3):688-705. [Abstract]
- J Immunol. 2022 Jul 1;209(1):171-179. [Abstract]
- Phytochemistry. 2021 Nov:191:112910. [Abstract]
- FASEB Bioadv. 2020 Mar 7;2(4):254-263. [Abstract]
- bioRxiv. 2026 Mar 13.
- bioRxiv. 2025 Sep 21.
- Indiana University Indianapolis. 2025.
- bioRxiv. 2024 Jul 7:2024.07.04.601620. [Abstract]
- bioRxiv. 2023 Apr 14.
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. 2022 Aug.
Customer Validation & Images
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Cell Proliferation/Viability Assay
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In Vivo Efficacy Study
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Flow Cytometry
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IF
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WB
All Topoisomerase Isoforms
More
Biological Activity
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Topoisomerase I |
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Cell Line
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Type | Value | Description | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A-375 | IC50 |
0.162 μM
Compound: Topotecan
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Cytotoxicity against human A375 cells after 24 hrs by MTT assay
Cytotoxicity against human A375 cells after 24 hrs by MTT assay
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[PMID: 24980118] |
| Bel-7402 | IC50 |
0.4 μg/mL
Compound: Topotecan
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In vitro cytotoxicity against Bel7402 cell line (human liver cancer) using MTT assay
In vitro cytotoxicity against Bel7402 cell line (human liver cancer) using MTT assay
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[PMID: 15225719] |
| Caco-2 | IC50 |
0.119 μM
Compound: Topotecan
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Cytotoxicity against human Caco2 cells after 24 hrs by MTT assay
Cytotoxicity against human Caco2 cells after 24 hrs by MTT assay
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[PMID: 24980118] |
| HCT-8 | IC50 |
0.03 μg/mL
Compound: Topotecan
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In vitro cytotoxicity against HCT-8 cell line (human colon cancer) using MTT assay
In vitro cytotoxicity against HCT-8 cell line (human colon cancer) using MTT assay
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[PMID: 15225719] |
| HCT-8 | IC50 |
1.875 μM
Compound: 3, Topotecan
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Antiproliferative activity against human HCT8 cells after 48 hrs by CCK8 assay
Antiproliferative activity against human HCT8 cells after 48 hrs by CCK8 assay
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[PMID: 25481395] |
| HeLa | IC50 |
0.38 μM
Compound: Topotecan
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Cytotoxicity against human HeLa cells after 24 hrs by MTT assay
Cytotoxicity against human HeLa cells after 24 hrs by MTT assay
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[PMID: 24980118] |
| HepG2 | IC50 |
4.208 μM
Compound: 3, Topotecan
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Antiproliferative activity against human HepG2 cells after 48 hrs by CCK8 assay
Antiproliferative activity against human HepG2 cells after 48 hrs by CCK8 assay
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[PMID: 25481395] |
| Jurkat | IC50 |
0.127 μM
Compound: Topotecan
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Cytotoxicity against human Jurkat cells after 24 hrs by MTT assay
Cytotoxicity against human Jurkat cells after 24 hrs by MTT assay
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[PMID: 24980118] |
| KB | IC50 |
0.02 μg/mL
Compound: Topotecan
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In vitro cytotoxicity against KB cell line (human epidermoid carcinoma of the nasopharynx) using MTT assay
In vitro cytotoxicity against KB cell line (human epidermoid carcinoma of the nasopharynx) using MTT assay
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[PMID: 15225719] |
| KB | IC50 |
2.282 μM
Compound: 3, Topotecan
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Antiproliferative activity against human KB cells after 48 hrs by CCK8 assay
Antiproliferative activity against human KB cells after 48 hrs by CCK8 assay
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[PMID: 25481395] |
| MDA-MB-231 | IC50 |
0.473 μM
Compound: Topotecan
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Cytotoxicity against human MDA-MB-231 cells after 24 hrs by MTT assay
Cytotoxicity against human MDA-MB-231 cells after 24 hrs by MTT assay
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[PMID: 24980118] |
| NCI-H460 | IC50 |
0.61 μM
Compound: 2
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Antiproliferative activity against human NCI-H460 cells after short term exposure for 1 hr measured after 72 hrs in drug-free medium
Antiproliferative activity against human NCI-H460 cells after short term exposure for 1 hr measured after 72 hrs in drug-free medium
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[PMID: 19530720] |
| SGC-7901 | IC50 |
2.292 μM
Compound: 3, Topotecan
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Antiproliferative activity against human SGC7901 cells after 48 hrs by CCK8 assay
Antiproliferative activity against human SGC7901 cells after 48 hrs by CCK8 assay
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[PMID: 25481395] |
Topotecan Hydrochloride (SKF 104864A Hydrochloride) obviously inhibits the proliferation of not only human glioma cells but also glioma stem cells (GSCs) in a dose- and time-dependent manner. According to the IC50 values at 24 h, 3 μM of Topotecan Hydrochloride is selected as the optimal administration concentration. In addition, Topotecan Hydrochloride induces cell cycle arrest in G0/G1 and S phases and promoted apoptosis. Results show that cell viability is inhibited by Topotecan Hydrochloride in a dose-dependent manner. 2, 20 and 40 μM of Topotecan Hydrochloride obviously inhibits the cell viability compared with the control groups. The IC50 values of Topotecan Hydrochloride at 24 h are 2.73±0.25 μM of U251 cells, 2.95±0.23 μM of U87 cells, 5.46±0.41 μM of GSCs-U251 and 5.95±0.24 μM of GSCs-U87. Thus 3 μM of Topotecan Hydrochloride is selected as the optimal administration concentration in the subsequent experiments[1].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Chemical Information
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CAS No. 119413-54-6
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Appearance Solid
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Molecular Weight 457.91
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Formula C23H24ClN3O5
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Color Yellow to orange
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SMILES
[H]Cl.O=C1[C@](O)(CC)C2=C(CO1)C(N3CC4=CC5=C(CN(C)C)C(O)=CC=C5N=C4C3=C2)=O
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Synonyms
SKF 104864A hydrochloride; NSC 609669 hydrochloride
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Structure Classification
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Initial Source
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Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Storage
4°C, sealed storage, away from moisture and light
* In solvent : -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year (sealed storage, away from moisture and light)
Publications (38)
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Journal Impact Factor
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Most Recent
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Cancer Res
Topoisomerase 1 Inhibition in MYC-Driven Cancer Promotes Aberrant R-Loop Accumulation to Induce Synthetic Lethality. [Abstract]2023 Dec 15;83(24):4015-4029. PMID: 37987734
Topotecan hydrochloride purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Cancer Res. 2023 Dec 15;83(24):4015-4029. [Abstract]
Topotecan hydrochloride (10 mg/kg; ip). Tumor weights from 10A.PM xenografts after Topotecan treatment.
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Nat Commun
Selective targeting of genome amplifications and repeat elements by CRISPR-Cas9 nickases to promote cancer cell death. [Abstract]2025 Jun 2;16(1):5126. PMID: 40456709 -
Nat Commun
Genotoxic stress-triggered β-catenin/JDP2/PRMT5 complex facilitates reestablishing glutathione homeostasis. [Abstract]2019 Aug 21;10(1):3761. PMID: 31434880
Topotecan hydrochloride purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Nat Commun. 2019 Aug 21;10(1):3761. [Abstract]
Topotecan (10 mg/kg; Intraperitoneal injection). Representative images and the apoptotic rate the indicated chemotherapy-treated xenograft tumors.
Topotecan hydrochloride purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Nat Commun. 2019 Aug 21;10(1):3761. [Abstract]
Topotecan (10 mg/kg; Intraperitoneal injection). IB analysis of the level of cleaved-caspase 3 and cleaved-PARP1 in the indicated chemotherapy-treated xenograft tumors. GAPDH served as the loading control.
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J Extracell Vesicles
Analysis of extracellular vesicle DNA at the single-vesicle level by nano-flow cytometry. [Abstract]2022 Apr;11(4):e12206. PMID: 35373518
Topotecan hydrochloride purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: J Extracell Vesicles. 2022 Apr;11(4):e12206. [Abstract]
Topotecan hydrochloride (20 μM; 48 h). Bivariate dot‐plots of SYTO 16 fluorescence versus EV size of EVs for EV preparations from HCT‐15 cells treated with DMSO control (i), etoposide (ii), SN‐38 (iii) or topotecan (iv).
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J Exp Clin Cancer Res
Arsenic trioxide reverses the chemoresistance in hepatocellular carcinoma: a targeted intervention of 14-3-3η/NF-κB feedback loop. [Abstract]2018 Dec 20;37(1):321. PMID: 30572915 -
MedComm (2020)
KSQ-4279, an Inhibitor of Ubiquitin Specific Peptidase 1, Enhanced the Chemotherapeutic Efficacy in ABCB1/ABCG2/ABCC1-Mediated Multidrug Resistant Cancers. [Abstract]2025 Nov 29;6(12):e70517. PMID: 41328326 -
Cell Rep Med
CAN-Scan: A multi-omic phenotype-driven precision oncology platform identifies prognostic biomarkers of therapy response for colorectal cancer. [Abstract]2025 Apr 2:102053. PMID: 40187357 -
Pharmacol Res
2024 May 9:204:107208. PMID: 38729587 -
Cell Death Dis
2024 Jan 18;15(1):66. PMID: 38238307 -
Cell Commun Signal
BI-2865, a pan-KRAS inhibitor, reverses the P-glycoprotein induced multidrug resistance in vitro and in vivo. [Abstract]2024 Jun 13;22(1):325. PMID: 38872211 -
Acta Pharmacol Sin
Osimertinib successfully combats EGFR-negative glioblastoma cells by inhibiting the MAPK pathway. [Abstract]2021 Jan;42(1):108-114. PMID: 32398685 -
Cancer Immunol Res
Discovery of podofilox as a potent cGAMP-STING signaling enhancer with antitumor activity. [Abstract]2023 May 3;11(5):583-599. PMID: 36921097 -
NPJ Precis Oncol
Targeting the DYRK1A kinase prevents cancer progression and metastasis and promotes cancer cells response to G1/S targeting chemotherapy drugs. [Abstract]2024 Jun 5;8(1):128. PMID: 38839871
Topotecan hydrochloride purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: NPJ Precis Oncol. 2024 Jun 5;8(1):128. [Abstract]
Topotecan hydrochloride (0.0001-100 μM; 48 h). Dose-response curves after various concentrations of chemotherapeutic drugs in DYRK1A-KOs and NT-KOs for HCT-116 cell.
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J Transl Med
DB-1314, a novel DLL3-targeting ADC with DNA topoisomerase I inhibitor, exhibits promising safety profile and therapeutic efficacy in preclinical small cell lung cancer models. [Abstract]2024 Aug 14;22(1):766. PMID: 39143619 -
Cell Rep
Structural basis for the reversal of human MRP4-mediated multidrug resistance by lapatinib. [Abstract]2025 Mar 25;44(4):115466. PMID: 40138312 -
Cell Rep
miR-449a/miR-340 reprogram cell identity and metabolism in fusion-negative rhabdomyosarcoma. [Abstract]2025 Jan 11;44(1):115171. PMID: 39799567 -
Eur J Med Chem
2024 Dec 5:279:116842. PMID: 39260319 -
Biochem Pharmacol
Tazemetostat synergistically combats multidrug resistance by the unique triple inhibition of ABCB1, ABCC1, and ABCG2 efflux transporters in vitro and ex vivo. [Abstract]2023 Oct:216:115769. PMID: 37634597 -
Pharmaceutics
Encorafenib Acts as a Dual-Activity Chemosensitizer through Its Inhibitory Effect on ABCC1 Transporter In Vitro and Ex Vivo. [Abstract]2022 Nov 24;14(12):2595. PMID: 36559089 -
Int J Mol Sci
2025 Apr 17;26(8):3790. PMID: 40332396 -
Cell Rep Methods
RECOVER identifies synergistic drug combinations in vitro through sequential model optimization. [Abstract]2023 Oct 23;3(10):100599. PMID: 37797618 -
J Biomed Inform
2023 Jun:142:104383. PMID: 37196989 -
Cancers (Basel)
Targeted Disruption of E6/p53 Binding Exerts Broad Activity and Synergism with Paclitaxel and Topotecan against HPV-Transformed Cancer Cells. [Abstract]2021 Dec 31;14(1):193. PMID: 35008354 -
J Cell Mol Med
2026 Apr;30(7):e71101. PMID: 41896195 -
J Mol Med (Berl)
2019 Aug;97(8):1183-1193. PMID: 31201471 -
Sci Rep
Drug-induced PD-L1 expression and cell stress response in breast cancer cells can be balanced by drug combination. [Abstract]2019 Oct 22;9(1):15099. PMID: 31641154 -
J Virol
Cellular DNA Topoisomerases Are Required for the Synthesis of Hepatitis B Virus Covalently Closed Circular DNA. [Abstract]2019 May 15;93(11):e02230-18. PMID: 30867306 -
Bioengineering (Basel)
Precision Oncology for High-Grade Gliomas: A Tumor Organoid Model for Adjuvant Treatment Selection. [Abstract]2025 Oct 19;12(10):1121. PMID: 41155119 -
J Nat Prod
Ingenane Diterpenoids from Euphorbia peplus as Potential New CHK1 Inhibitors That Sensitize Cancer Cells to Chemotherapy. [Abstract]2025 Mar 28;88(3):688-705. PMID: 40056138 -
J Immunol
Identification of RPL15 60S Ribosomal Protein as a Novel Topotecan Target Protein That Correlates with DAMP Secretion and Antitumor Immune Activation. [Abstract]2022 Jul 1;209(1):171-179. PMID: 35725272 -
Phytochemistry
2021 Nov:191:112910. PMID: 34481345 -
FASEB Bioadv
Effect of static magnetic field on DNA synthesis: The interplay between DNA chirality and magnetic field left-right asymmetry. [Abstract]2020 Mar 7;2(4):254-263. PMID: 32259051 -
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bioRxiv
Rebalancing Viral and Immune Damage versus Tissue Repair Prevents Death from Lethal Influenza Infection. [Abstract]2024 Jul 7:2024.07.04.601620. PMID: 39372755 -
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Solvent & Solubility
DMSO : 100 mg/mL (218.38 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)
H2O : 33.33 mg/mL (72.79 mM; Need ultrasonic)
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year (sealed storage, away from moisture and light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year (sealed storage, away from moisture and light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.
- For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
- To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
- The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline
Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (4.54 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)
Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (4.54 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:
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-
-
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Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL
This product has good water solubility, please refer to the measured solubility data in water/PBS/Saline for details.
Protocol
The U251, U87, GSCs-U251 and GSCs-U87 cells are seeded at a density of 2×104 cells per well in 96-well plates separately, and incubated for 24 h. Cells are administered with Shikonin and Topotecan Hydrochloride (0.02, 0.2, 2, 20, 40 μM). After the treatment, 10 μL of cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) is added into each well for additional 1-hour incubation at 37°C. The optical density (OD) is read with a microplate reader at 450 nm[1].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Mice[2]
For subcutaneous xenograft studies, we used SK-N-BE, SH-SY5Y, KHOS, and RH30. 1×106 cells are implanted subcutaneously into the inguinal fat pad of each of nonobese diabetic/severe combined immune deficient (NOD/SCID) mice. When tumors reached 0.5 cm in diameter, the animals are randomized into 4 groups and treated daily by oral gavage. The animals are grouped as: Control group, LDM Topotecan group or LDM TP (1 mg/kg Topotecan), Pazopanib group or PZ (150 mg/kg Pazopanib) and combination group or TP + PZ (1 mg/kg Topotecan Hydrochloride + 150 mg/kg Pazopanib). To compare pulse Topotecan with LDM TP in KHOS osteosarcoma model, PZ is replaced by weekly oral dose of pulse Topotecan or Pulse TP (15 mg/kg Topotecan). The criteria for endpoint are tumor sizes exceeding 2.0 cm in diameter or animals showing signs of morbidity. The tumor sizes are measured on a daily basis until the endpoint or sacrifice. The long (D) and short diameters (d) are measured with calipers. Tumor volume (cm3) is calculated as V=0.5×D×d2. When the endpoint is reached or at the end of the treatment, the animals are sacrificed by cervical dislocation.
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Purity & Documentation
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Data Sheet (284 KB)
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SDS (480 KB)
- English - EN (480 KB)
- Français - FR (480 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (480 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (480 KB)
- Español - ES (480 KB)
- Swedish - SV (480 KB)
- Italian - IT (480 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (480 KB)
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Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
[1]. Zhang FL, et al. PLoS One. 2013 Nov 26;8(11):e81815.Topoisomerase I inhibitors, Shikonin and Topotecan, inhibit growth and induce apoptosis of glioma cells andglioma stem cells. [Content Brief]
[2]. Kumar S, et al. Metronomic oral topotecan with pazopanib is an active antiangiogenic regimen in mouse models of aggressive pediatric solid tumor. Clin Cancer Res. 2011 Sep 1;17(17):5656-67. [Content Brief]
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year (sealed storage, away from moisture and light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| H2O / DMSO | 1 mM | 2.1838 mL | 10.9192 mL | 21.8384 mL | 54.5959 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.4368 mL | 2.1838 mL | 4.3677 mL | 10.9192 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2184 mL | 1.0919 mL | 2.1838 mL | 5.4596 mL | |
| 15 mM | 0.1456 mL | 0.7279 mL | 1.4559 mL | 3.6397 mL | |
| 20 mM | 0.1092 mL | 0.5460 mL | 1.0919 mL | 2.7298 mL | |
| 25 mM | 0.0874 mL | 0.4368 mL | 0.8735 mL | 2.1838 mL | |
| 30 mM | 0.0728 mL | 0.3640 mL | 0.7279 mL | 1.8199 mL | |
| 40 mM | 0.0546 mL | 0.2730 mL | 0.5460 mL | 1.3649 mL | |
| 50 mM | 0.0437 mL | 0.2184 mL | 0.4368 mL | 1.0919 mL | |
| 60 mM | 0.0364 mL | 0.1820 mL | 0.3640 mL | 0.9099 mL | |
| DMSO | 80 mM | 0.0273 mL | 0.1365 mL | 0.2730 mL | 0.6824 mL |
| 100 mM | 0.0218 mL | 0.1092 mL | 0.2184 mL | 0.5460 mL |
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
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