MC4 Receptor Antibody
(Synonyms: Melanocortin receptor 4, MC4-R, MC4R)MC4 Receptor Antibody is a Rabbit-derived and non-conjugated IgG Polyclonal antibody, targeting to MC4 Receptor.
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Host:
Rabbit
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Isotype:
IgG
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Application:
WB, IHC-P, ICC/IF
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Reactivity :
Human, Mouse, Rat
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Formulation:
Supplied in PBS (pH 7.4), containing 30% glycerol, and 0.01% sodium azide.
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Conjugation:
Non-conjugated
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Applications
| Application |
WB
WB: Western Blot
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IHC-P
IHC-P: Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin
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ICC/IF
ICC/IF: Immunocytochemistry/
Immunofluorescence |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dilution Ratio | 1:1000-2000 | 1:100-200 | 1:50-200 |
Product Details
MC4 Receptor Antibody is a Rabbit-derived and non-conjugated IgG Polyclonal antibody, targeting to MC4 Receptor.
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Host Rabbit
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Clonality Polyclonal
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Species ReactivityHuman, Mouse, Rat
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Observed Molecular WeightObserved band size: 37 kDa
Note: Due to possible protein modifications or aggregation, the molecular weight should be confirmed by actual measurement, and the predicted value is for reference only.
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Calculated Molecular Weight Predicted band size: 36 kDa
Synthetic peptide corresponding to the C-term region of human MC4 Receptor.
Endogenous
affinity purified.
Non-conjugated
Unmodified
IgG
Product Properties
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Appearance
Solution
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Formulation
Supplied in PBS (pH 7.4), containing 30% glycerol, and 0.01% sodium azide.
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Storage & Stability
Stored at -20°C for 1 year. Avoid repeated freeze / thaw cycles.
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Shipping
Shipping with blue ice.
Background
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Function
MC4 Receptor is a G protein-coupled receptor that binds melanocyte-stimulating hormones (alpha- and beta-MSH) and corticotropin/ACTH, which are peptide products of the POMC precursor. Functions as a central component of the leptin-melanocortin pathway, which is essential for maintaining energy homeostasis. Upon activation, couples to G(s) protein, stimulating adenylate cyclase and the cAMP-dependent signaling pathway, which promotes anorexogenic signaling in the hypothalamus and contributes to a negative energy balance. Regulates food intake: activation by agonists suppresses appetite, whereas the antagonist Agouti-related protein/AGRP precludes agonist-induced signaling, thereby stimulating appetite. Modulates the firing activity of neurons in paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of the hypothalamus via alpha-MSH and AGRP regulation of inwardly rectifying potassium channel KCNJ13 closure, independently of G(s) signaling. In the PVN, also interacts with opsin 3/OPN3, which couples to G(i/o) proteins to inhibit MC4R-mediated cAMP signaling, thereby promoting food intake. In intestinal epithelial cells, contributes to inhibition of hepatic glucose production via nesfatin-1/NUCB2, leading to increased cAMP levels and glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) secretion. Interaction with MGRN1 displaces the G(s) protein, further decreasing MC4R signaling activity. Also activated by gamma-MSH, though with low potency[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12].
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Subcellular Localization
Cell membrane; Cell projection, cilium membrane
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Expression
Tissue_Specificity: Brain, placental, and gut tissues. -
Isoforms & Post-Translational Modification
MC4 Receptor has an amino acid length of 332, molecular weight is 36943 Da.
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Subunit
Homodimer; disulfide-linked, also forms higher order oligomers.
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SwissProt ID
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Synonyms
Melanocortin receptor 4, MC4-R, MC4R
Documentation
References
[1]. Farooqi IS, et al. Clinical spectrum of obesity and mutations in the melanocortin 4 receptor gene. N Engl J Med. 2003 Mar 20;348(12):1085-95. [Content Brief]
[2]. Valli-Jaakola K, et al. Identification and characterization of melanocortin-4 receptor gene mutations in morbidly obese finnish children and adults. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2004 Feb;89(2):940-5. [Content Brief]
[3]. Delhanty PJ, et al. Functional characterization of a new human melanocortin-4 receptor homozygous mutation (N72K) that is associated with early-onset obesity. Mol Biol Rep. 2014 Dec;41(12):7967-72. [Content Brief]
[4]. Yu J, et al. Determination of the melanocortin-4 receptor structure identifies Ca(2+) as a cofactor for ligand binding. Science. 2020 Apr 24;368(6489):428-433. [Content Brief]
[5]. Israeli H, et al. Structure reveals the activation mechanism of the MC4 receptor to initiate satiation signaling. Science. 2021 May 21;372(6544):808-814. [Content Brief]
[6]. Gantz I, et al. Molecular cloning, expression, and gene localization of a fourth melanocortin receptor. J Biol Chem. 1993 Jul 15;268(20):15174-9. [Content Brief]
[7]. Yeo GS, et al. Mutations in the human melanocortin-4 receptor gene associated with severe familial obesity disrupts receptor function through multiple molecular mechanisms. Hum Mol Genet. 2003 Mar 1;12(5):561-74. [Content Brief]
[8]. Ollmann MM, et al. Antagonism of central melanocortin receptors in vitro and in vivo by agouti-related protein. Science. 1997 Oct 3;278(5335):135-8. [Content Brief]
[9]. Siljee JE, et al. Subcellular localization of MC4R with ADCY3 at neuronal primary cilia underlies a common pathway for genetic predisposition to obesity. Nat Genet. 2018 Feb;50(2):180-185. [Content Brief]
[10]. Haddad HK, et al. Hypothalamic opsin 3 suppresses MC4R signaling and potentiates Kir7.1 to promote food consumption. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2025 Feb 25;122(8):e2403891122. [Content Brief]
[11]. Geng S, et al. Intestinal NUCB2/nesfatin-1 regulates hepatic glucose production via the MC4R-cAMP-GLP-1 pathway. EMBO J. 2025 Jan;44(1):54-74. [Content Brief]
[12]. Pérez-Oliva AB, et al. Mahogunin ring finger-1 (MGRN1) E3 ubiquitin ligase inhibits signaling from melanocortin receptor by competition with Galphas. J Biol Chem. 2009 Nov 13;284(46):31714-25. [Content Brief]
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