Farnesyl pyrophosphate  (Synonyms: Farnesyl diphosphate)

Farnesyl pyrophosphate (Farnesyl diphosphate), a 15-carbon isoprenoid, is a metabolic intermediate of the mevalonate (MVA) pathway. Farnesyl pyrophosphate is a TRPM2 (TRP Channel) agonist, activates TRPM2 opening for ion influx. Farnesyl pyrophosphate is a key branch substrate for cholesterol synthesis, ubiquinones synthesis, protein farnesylation decoration, and geranyl-geranyl pyrophosphate (GGPP) synthesis^[1].

Farnesyl pyrophosphate functions as an identified danger signal to trigger acute cell death leading to neuron loss in stroke. Harboring both a hydrophobic 15-carbon isoprenyl chain and a heavily charged pyrophosphate head, Farnesyl pyrophosphate leads to acute cell death independent of its downstream metabolic pathways. Mechanistically, extracellular calcium influx and the cation channel transient receptor potential melastatin 2 (TRPM2) exhibit essential roles in Farnesyl pyrophosphate-induced cell death. Farnesyl pyrophosphate activates TRPM2 opening for ion influx^[1].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

In terms of a mouse model constructing by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), Farnesyl pyrophosphate accumulates in the brain, which indicates the function of the Farnesyl pyrophosphate and TRPM2 danger signal axis in ischemic injury. Farnesyl pyrophosphate/TRPM2 signaling axis and the MVA pathway exhibit important roles in brain ischemia and potentially neurodegenerative diseases^[1].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

382.33

C₁₅H₂₈O₇P₂

13058-04-3

O=P(O)(OP(O)(O)=O)OC/C=C(C)/CC/C=C(C)/CC/C=C(C)/C

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• [1]. Jing Chen, et al. Farnesyl pyrophosphate is a new danger signal inducing acute cell death. PLoS Biol. 2021 Apr 26;19(4):e3001134.  [Content Brief]