TRPV2

TRPV2 (transient receptor potential vanilloid 2) is a non-selective cation channel of the TRPV family that mediates Ca²⁺ influx and participates in multiple cellular processes across neuronal and non-neuronal tissues^[1][2]. Mechanistically, TRPV2 functions as a signaling hub linking extracellular physical or chemical stimuli to intracellular calcium-dependent responses, thereby regulating cell proliferation, survival, migration, differentiation, and immune activity^[1][3]. TRPV2 is expressed in immune cells, where its translocation to the plasma membrane contributes to macrophage chemotaxis and phagocytosis, supporting innate immune responses through Ca²⁺-dependent signaling pathways^[4]. In disease contexts, altered TRPV2 expression has been associated with multiple cancers, including urothelial carcinoma, prostate cancer, breast cancer, glioblastoma, and hematological malignancies, where the channel influences survival, proliferation, invasion, and therapeutic resistance pathways^[3][5]. Compared with related isoforms, TRPV2 remains one of the least characterized members of the TRPV subfamily and exhibits distinct physiological properties that differentiate it from classical thermosensory TRPV channels, indicating specialized functions beyond canonical temperature sensing^[1]. For experimental applications, TRPV2 can be activated by cannabinoids such as cannabidiol (CBD) and Δ⁹-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ⁹-THC), which are widely used as pharmacological tools to investigate TRPV2-mediated Ca²⁺ signaling^[2]. In contrast, tranilast has been reported as a TRPV2 inhibitor and is frequently employed to evaluate channel-specific functions in cellular and disease models^[4].