Norbergenin
Based on 1 publication(s) in Google Scholar
Norbergenin is a polyphenolic isocoumarin derivative. Norbergenin acts as a non-competitive inhibitor of bovine adrenal tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) with a Ki value of 69.6 μM. Norbergenin inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory responses in macrophages by suppressing the activation of NF-κB, MAPK and STAT3, as well as blocking metabolic reprogramming. Norbergenin inhibits aluminum chloride-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis and restores neurocognitive parameters. Norbergenin scavenges ROS through multiple mechanisms and protects cell membranes from lipid peroxidation damage. Norbergenin can be used in research related to Alzheimer's disease, peptic ulcer and arthritis.
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
- Purity: 98.31%
- CAS No.: 79595-97-4
- Formula: C13H14O9
- Molecular Weight:314.24
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Storage:Powder -20°C, 3 years , 4°C, 2 years ; In solvent -80°C, 6 months , -20°C, 1 month
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Biological Activity
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Chemical Information
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Solvent & Solubility
- Purity & Documentation
- References
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Help & FAQs
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Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Norbergenin
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Biological Activity
Norbergenin (5-50 μM; 25 h) dose-dependently inhibits LPS (HY-D1056)-induced NO production in iBMDMs at 24 h post-stimulation[2].
Norbergenin (5-50 μM; 25 h) dose-dependently inhibits LPS-induced TNFα production in iBMDMs at 24 h post-stimulation[2].
Norbergenin (50 μM; 2-25 h) inhibits LPS-induced mRNA expression of *Il1b*, *Tnfa*, *Il6* and *Nos2* in iBMDM and BMDM[2].
Norbergenin (5-50 μM; 5-9 h) dose-dependently inhibits LPS-induced activation of NF-κB, STAT3 and MAPK (p38, JNK, ERK) signaling pathways, and reduces the protein levels of pro-IL1β, iNOS and TLR2 in stimulated iBMDMs at 4 h or 8 h[2].
Norbergenin (5-50 μM; 9 h) dose-dependently inhibits LPS-induced glycolysis and maintains mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) in iBMDMs at 8 h post-stimulation[2].
Norbergenin (50 μM; 9 h) alters the proteome profile of iBMDMs stimulated with LPS for 8 h, downregulates proteins related to inflammatory pathways and upregulates proteins related to oxidative phosphorylation, thereby restoring its profile to a state similar to that of the unstimulated control group[2].
Norbergenin (50 μM; 9 h) reverses LPS-induced metabolic reprogramming in iBMDMs after 8 hours, restoring normal activity of glycolysis, tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, and arginine metabolism pathways[2].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Cell Line:murine immortalized bone marrow-derived macrophages (iBMDMs), primary bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs)
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Concentration:1, 5, 10 and 50 μM
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Incubation Time:24 h
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Result:Showed no significant toxic effects on iBMDMs and BMDMs at concentrations between 1 to 50 μM.
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Cell Line:murine immortalized bone marrow-derived macrophages (iBMDMs)
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Concentration:5, 10 and 50 μM
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Incubation Time:1 h preincubation; 24 h LPS stimulation
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Result:Significantly reduced LPS-induced TNFα production in a dose-dependent manner, with the 50 μM concentration showing the greatest inhibitory effect.
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Cell Line:murine immortalized bone marrow-derived macrophages (iBMDMs), primary bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs)
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Concentration:50 μM
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Incubation Time:1 h preincubation; 1-24 h LPS stimulation
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Result:Significantly reduced LPS-induced mRNA expression of Il1b, Tnfa, Il6, and Nos2 at multiple time points (8, 16, 24 h) in both iBMDMs and BMDMs, with statistically significant decreases indicated by *p < 0.05**, **p < 0.01**, and ***p < 0.001.
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Cell Line:murine immortalized bone marrow-derived macrophages (iBMDMs)
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Concentration:5, 10 and 50 μM
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Incubation Time:1 h preincubation; 4-8 h LPS stimulation
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Result:Caused a dose-dependent reduction in LPS-induced pro-IL1β, iNOS, p-NF-κB, p-IκB-α, p-STAT3, p-p38, p-JNK, p-ERK1/2, and TLR2 protein levels.
Had no effect on LPS-induced TLR4 expression.
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Chemical Information
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CAS No. 79595-97-4
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Appearance Solid
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Molecular Weight 314.24
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Formula C13H14O9
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Color White to yellow
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SMILES
OC1=C2[C@@]3([H])[C@@](OC(C2=CC(O)=C1O)=O)([H])[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O3)CO)O)O
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Structure Classification
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Initial Source
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Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Storage
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month
Publications (1)
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Journal Impact Factor
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Most Recent
Solvent & Solubility
DMSO : 125 mg/mL (397.79 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.
- For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
- To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
- The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline
Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (6.62 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)
Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (6.62 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:
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Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
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%DMSO +
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
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%+
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+%Tween-80 + +
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%Saline +
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL DMSO. Stock solution concentration: mg/mL.
1. Take μL DMSO stock solution;
2. Add μL .
μL , mix evenly;
3. Then add μL Tween 80, mix evenly;
4. Then add μL
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Purity & Documentation
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Data Sheet (287 KB)
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SDS (251 KB)
- English - EN (251 KB)
- Français - FR (251 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (251 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (251 KB)
- Español - ES (251 KB)
- Swedish - SV (251 KB)
- Italian - IT (251 KB)
- Korean - KR (251 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (251 KB)
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Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
[1]. Nalla S, et al. Kaempferide and Norbergenin avert aluminium chloride-induced amyloid β accumulation and neurocognitive shutdown via oxidative and apoptotic mechanisms. International journal of immunopathology and pharmacology. 2025;39:3946320251343687. [Content Brief]
[2]. Li W, et al. Norbergenin prevents LPS-induced inflammatory responses in macrophages through inhibiting NFκB, MAPK and STAT3 activation and blocking metabolic reprogramming. Frontiers in immunology. 2023;14:1117638. [Content Brief]
[3]. Zhang YH, et al. In vitro inhibitory effects of bergenin and norbergenin on bovine adrenal tyrosine hydroxylase. Phytotherapy research : PTR. 2003 Sep;17(8):967-9. [Content Brief]
[4].
Haq KU, et al. Elucidation of reactive oxygen species scavenging pathways of norbergenin utilizing DFT approaches. R Soc Open Sci. 2022 Dec 21;9(12):221349.
[Content Brief]
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DMSO | 1 mM | 3.1823 mL | 15.9114 mL | 31.8228 mL | 79.5570 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.6365 mL | 3.1823 mL | 6.3646 mL | 15.9114 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.3182 mL | 1.5911 mL | 3.1823 mL | 7.9557 mL | |
| 15 mM | 0.2122 mL | 1.0608 mL | 2.1215 mL | 5.3038 mL | |
| 20 mM | 0.1591 mL | 0.7956 mL | 1.5911 mL | 3.9779 mL | |
| 25 mM | 0.1273 mL | 0.6365 mL | 1.2729 mL | 3.1823 mL | |
| 30 mM | 0.1061 mL | 0.5304 mL | 1.0608 mL | 2.6519 mL | |
| 40 mM | 0.0796 mL | 0.3978 mL | 0.7956 mL | 1.9889 mL | |
| 50 mM | 0.0636 mL | 0.3182 mL | 0.6365 mL | 1.5911 mL | |
| 60 mM | 0.0530 mL | 0.2652 mL | 0.5304 mL | 1.3260 mL | |
| 80 mM | 0.0398 mL | 0.1989 mL | 0.3978 mL | 0.9945 mL | |
| 100 mM | 0.0318 mL | 0.1591 mL | 0.3182 mL | 0.7956 mL |
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