IL-36 gamma

IL-36 gamma (IL-1F9), a subform of IL-36 family, belongs to IL-1 superfamily. Human IL-36 gamma shares <55% aa sequence identity with mouse. IL-36 gamma has β-trefoil structure. L-36 gamma mediates inflammatory response. L-36 gamma binds to IL-36R and recruits the co-receptor IL-1RAcP. So that heterodimeric signaling complex brings Toll/IL-1R (TIR) domains of the 2 receptor chains in close proximity, and thereby activating NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways[1]. But the activation requires N-terminal cleavage at Val1518 by neutrophil granule-derived proteases, such as cathepsin G, elastase and proteinase-3[1][2].IL-36 gamma is expressed in peripheral blood lymphocytes, keratinocytes, bronchial epithelial cells and THP-1 cells[3]. IL-36 gamma is associated with chronic inflammation and cancers. IL-36 gamma is up-regulated in skin psoriatic lesions, inaganglionic and ganglionic areas of the colon in patients with Hirschsprung's disease, and inflamed mucosa of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)[1][4].