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neurons.

" in MedChemExpress (MCE) Product Catalog:

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By Research Areas:	Cancer (74) Cardiovascular Disease (48) Endocrinology (20) Infection (40) Inflammation/Immunology (97) Metabolic Disease (56) Neurological Disease (614)
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GMP Molecules

Cat. No.	Product Name	Target	Research Areas	Chemical Structure

HY-W008719

MPP+ iodide 30+ Cited Publications	Mitochondrial Metabolism	Neurological Disease
MPP+ iodide, a toxic metabolite of the neurotoxin MPTP, causes symptom of Parkinson's disease in animal models by selectively destroying dopaminergic neurons in substantia nigra. MPP+ iodide is taken up by the dopamine transporter into dopaminergic neurons where it exerts its neurotoxic action on mitochondria by affecting complex I of the respiratory chain. MPP+ iodide is also a high affinity substrate for the serotonin transporter (SERT) .

HY-109101

Risdiplam 5+ Cited Publications RG7916; RO7034067	DNA/RNA Synthesis	Neurological Disease
Risdiplam (RG7916) is an orally administered, centrally and peripherally distributed *SMN2* pre-mRNA splicing modifier that increases survival motor neuron (SMN) protein levels .

HY-19620

Branaplam 10+ Cited Publications LMI070; NVS-SM1	DNA/RNA Synthesis Potassium Channel	Cancer
Branaplam (LMI070; NVS-SM1) is a highly potent, selective and orally active *survival motor neuron-2 (SMN2)* splicing modulator with an EC₅₀ of 20 nM for SMN. Branaplam inhibits human-ether-a-go-go-related gene (hERG) with an IC₅₀ of 6.3 μM. Branaplam elevates full-length SMN protein and extends survival in a severe spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) mouse model .

HY-79494

Glyoxalic acid (50%w/w in water) 3 Publications Verification NSC 27785; Formylformic acid; Oxalaldehydic acid	Endogenous Metabolite	Neurological Disease
Glyoxalic acid (NSC 27785) (50%w/w in water) is an organic compound that is both an aldehyde and a carboxylic acid. Glyoxalic acid (50%w/w in water) induces fluorescence. Glyoxalic acid (50%w/w in water) is used to study neurons . The product has a content (w/w) of 50%, meaning that the mass of Glyoxalic acid in a 250 g Size is 125 g.

HY-N0532

Morroniside	MMP Pyroptosis Apoptosis	Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease
Morroniside has neuroprotective effect by inhibiting neuron apoptosis and MMP2/9 expression.

HY-P0198

Neuropeptide Y (human,rat,mouse) 3 Publications Verification Neuropeptide Y (29-64), amide	Neuropeptide Y Receptor	Neurological Disease Endocrinology
Neuropeptide Y (human,rat,mouse) is involved in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and protects rat cortical neurons against β-Amyloid toxicity.

HY-W008350

(+)-Sparteine 1 Publications Verification Pachycarpine	nAChR	Neurological Disease
(+)-Sparteine is a natural alkaloid acting as a ganglionic blocking agent. (+)-Sparteine competitively blocks nicotinic ACh receptor in the neurons.

HY-135013

Umbellulone	TRP Channel	Neurological Disease
Umbellulone is an active constituent of the leaves of Umbellularia californica. Umbellulone stimulates the TRPA1 channel in a subset of peptidergic, nociceptive neurons, activating the trigeminovascular system via this mechanism .

HY-126436A

Poly-L-ornithine hydrobromide (MW 30000-70000) L-Ornithine homopolymer hydrobromide (MW 30000-70000)	Biochemical Assay Reagents	Neurological Disease
Poly-L-ornithine hydrobromide (MW 30000-70000) is a poly-lysine derivative with a molecular weight of 30000-70000. Poly-L-ornithine hydrobromide (MW 30000-70000) binds to the surface of cell culture vessels through positively charged amino acid residues to form a coating that promotes cell adhesion and provides cells with a matrix environment required for growth. Poly-L-ornithine hydrobromide (MW 30000-70000) is used as a coating agent in cell culture and can be used for the study of primary culture of neurons (such as dopaminergic neurons and oligodendrocytes) .

HY-15515

SEA0400 15+ Cited Publications	Na+/Ca2+ Exchanger	Cardiovascular Disease
SEA0400 is a novel and selective inhibitor of the Na ⁺-Ca ²⁺ exchanger (NCX), inhibiting Na ⁺-dependent Ca ²⁺ uptake in cultured neurons, astrocytes, and microglia with IC₅₀s of from 5 to 33 nM.

HY-101888

Cresyl Violet acetate 2 Publications Verification	Fluorescent Dye	Neurological Disease
Cresyl Violet acetate is a dye, which can be used to stain neurons.

HY-19620A

Branaplam hydrochloride 10+ Cited Publications LMI070 hydrochloride; NVS-SM1 hydrochloride	DNA/RNA Synthesis Potassium Channel	Cancer
Branaplam (LMI070; NVS-SM1) hydrochloride is a highly potent, selective and orally active *survival motor neuron-2 (SMN2)* splicing modulator with an EC₅₀ of 20 nM for SMN. Branaplam hydrochloride inhibits human-ether-a-go-go-related gene (hERG) with an IC₅₀ of 6.3 μM. Branaplam hydrochloride elevates full-length SMN protein and extends survival in a severe spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) mouse model .

HY-13106

Olodanrigan 4 Publications Verification EMA401; PD-126055; (S)-EMA400	Angiotensin Receptor	Cardiovascular Disease Neurological Disease Endocrinology
Olodanrigan (EMA401) is a highly selective, orally active, peripherally restricted angiotensin II type 2 receptor (AT2R) antagonist. It is under development as a neuropathic pain therapeutic agent. Olodanrigan (EMA401) analgesic action appears to involve inhibition of augmented AngII/AT2R induced p38 and p42/p44 MAPK activation, and hence inhibition of DRG neuron hyperexcitability and sprouting of DRG neurons .

HY-N0061

Ethyl ferulate 3 Publications Verification	Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)	Neurological Disease
Ethyl ferulate, a naturally lipophilic derivative of ferulic acid originally derived from Rhizoma Chuanxiong, induces heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and protects rat neurons against oxidative stress . Ethyl ferulate also protects neurons against amyloid β peptide (1-42)-induced oxidative stress and neurotoxicity .

HY-B0834

(±)-Indoxacarb (RS)-Indoxacarb; DPX-JW062	Environmental Pollutants Sodium Channel	Neurological Disease
Indoxacarb ((±)-Indoxacarb; DPX-JW062) is a broad-spectrum oxadiazine insecticide with high insecticidal activity and low mammalian toxicity. Indoxacarb blocks insect _{sodium channels} in nerve preparations and isolated neurons .

HY-13530

CAY10505 5 Publications Verification	PI3K Apoptosis	Cancer
CAY10505 is a potent and selective PI3Kγ inhibitor with an IC₅₀ of 30 nM in neurons.

HY-W018061

Traxoprodil 2 Publications Verification CP101,606	iGluR	Neurological Disease
Traxoprodil (CP101,606) is a potent and selective NMDA antagonist and protect hippocampal neurons with an IC₅₀ of 10 nM.

HY-NP143

Nerve Growth Factor 2.5S,murine submaxillary gland	Biochemical Assay Reagents	Neurological Disease
Nerve Growth Factor 2.5S, murine submaxillary gland is a neurotrophic polypeptide required for normal growth and development of sympathetic and embryonic sensory neurons and certain cholinergic neurons in the central nervous system. Nerve Growth Factor 2.5S, murine submaxillary gland has only β-subunit , and shows nerve growth-promoting activity .

HY-Y0519

Pyrimidine	Endogenous Metabolite	Neurological Disease Cancer
Pyrimidine is a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound and endogenous metabolite. Pyrimidine derivatives can be used in pancreatic cancer, triple-negative breast cancer, colon carcinoma and neuron research .

HY-122672

Adhesamine 1 Publications Verification	FAK	Neurological Disease
Adhesamine, dumbbell-shaped molecule, activates MAPK/FAK pathway. Adhesamine promotes adhesion and growth of mammalian cells. Adhesamine accelerates the differentiation and improves the survival of mice hippocampal neurons in primary culture .

HY-124061

GB83	Protease Activated Receptor (PAR)	Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology
GB83 is a potent PAR2 antagonist. GB83 reverses neutrophil elastase‐induced synovitis and pain. GB83 blocks the effect of MET-1 supernatant on NG neurons .

HY-103180

2'-MeCCPA 2-Chloro-N-cyclopentyl-2′-C-methyladenosine	Adenosine Receptor	Neurological Disease
2'-MeCCPA is a potent and selective A1 adenosine receptors (A1AR) agonist. 2'-MeCCPA efficiently inhibits cAMP modulation in both direct pathway medium spiny neurons (dMSNs) and indirect pathway medium spiny neurons (iMSNs) .

HY-P0198A

Neuropeptide Y (human,rat,mouse) TFA 3 Publications Verification	Neuropeptide Y Receptor	Neurological Disease Endocrinology
Neuropeptide Y (human) TFA is involved in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and protects rat cortical neurons against β-Amyloid toxicity.

HY-126112

Mephenoxalone	Drug Derivative	Neurological Disease
Mephenoxalone is a muscle relaxant with anti-anxiety activity. Mephenoxalone has neuropharmacologic activity in vivo. Mephenoxalone inhibits neuron transmission and can relax skeletal muscles by inhibiting the reflex arc .

HY-113316A

(±)-Salsolinol hydrochloride	Endogenous Metabolite Opioid Receptor	Neurological Disease
(±)-Salsolinol hydrochloride is the hydrochloride form of (±)-Salsolinol (HY-113316). (±)-Salsolinol hydrochloride is a Dopamine (HY-B0451)-derived endogenous metabolite. (±)-Salsolinol hydrochloride activates μ-opioid receptors (MORs), reduces GABAergic transmission, increases the excitability of dopamine (DA) neurons, and thus accelerates the sustained firing of neurons in the posterior ventral tegmental area (pVTA) .

HY-19434

trans-ACPD Trans-(±)-ACP	mGluR	Metabolic Disease
trans-ACPD, a metabotropic receptor agonist, produces calcium mobilization and an inward current in cultured cerebellar Purkinje neurons.

HY-120079

MSN-125 4 Publications Verification	Bcl-2 Family Apoptosis	Cancer
MSN-125 is a potent Bax and Bak oligomerization inhibitor. MSN-125 prevents mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization (MOMP) with an IC₅₀ of 4 μM. MSN-125 potently inhibits Bax/Bak-mediated apoptosis in HCT-116, BMK Cells, and primary cortical neurons, protects primary neurons against glutamate excitotoxicity .

HY-N1978

3'-Methoxypuerarin 2 Publications Verification	Others	Neurological Disease
3'-Methoxypuerarin (3'-MOP) is an isoflavone extracted from radix puerariae that shows neuron protection activity.

HY-P1186

Eledoisin Related Peptide Eledoisin-Related Peptide; Eledoisin RP	Neurokinin Receptor	Neurological Disease
Eledoisin Related Peptide is a Substance P analog that excites neurons and triggers behavioral responses. Eledoisin Related Peptide is also a tachykinin receptor ligand.

HY-13056

SMND-309 1 Publications Verification	Drug Metabolite	Neurological Disease
SMND-309 is a metabolite of salvianolic acid B, and exhibits neuroprotective effects in cultured neurons and in permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion rats .

HY-N0137A

(R)-Tetrahydropapaverine hydrochloride	Drug Intermediate	Neurological Disease
(R)-Tetrahydropapaverine hydrochloride is the isomer of Tetrahydropapaverine hydrochloride (HY-N0137), and can be used as an experimental control. Tetrahydropapaverine hydrochloride is one of the Tetrahydroisoquinolines. Tetrahydropapaverine hydrochloride has neurotoxic effects on dopamine neurons .

HY-107498

GNE-8324	iGluR	Neurological Disease
GNE-8324 is a selective GluN2A positive allosteric modulator. GNE-8324 selectively enhances NMDA receptor (NMDAR)-mediated synaptic responses in inhibitory but not excitatory neurons .

HY-P1387

β-Amyloid (1-40) (rat)	Amyloid-β Apoptosis	Neurological Disease
β-Amyloid (1-40) (rat) is a rat form of the amyloid β-peptide, which accumulates as an insoluble extracellular deposit around neurons, giving rise to the senile plaques associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD). β-Amyloid (1-40) (rat) increases ⁴⁵Ca ²⁺ influx, induces neurodegeneration in the rat hippocampal neurons of the CA1 subfield. β-Amyloid (1-40) (rat) induces apoptosis. β-Amyloid (1-40) (rat) can be used for the research of Alzheimer's disease .

HY-153383

PDCD4-IN-1 2 Publications Verification	Programmed Cell Death 4 (PDCD4)	Cancer
PDCD4-IN-1(compound 20031600) is a PDCD4 inhibitor with a K_d value of 350 nM, which can promote the expression of BDNF in hippocampal neuron cell HT-22 .

HY-122672A

Adhesamine diTFA 1 Publications Verification	FAK	Neurological Disease
Adhesamine diTFA is a dumbbell-shaped molecule that activates the MAPK/FAK pathway. Adhesamine promotes the adhesion and growth of mammalian cells, accelerates the differentiation of primary cultured mouse hippocampal neurons, and enhances their survival rate .

HY-100797

(RS)-CPP (±)-CPP	iGluR	Neurological Disease
(RS)-CPP ((±)-CPP) is a potent and selective NMDA antagonist. (RS)-CPP inhibits central neuron responses, and has anticonvulsant activity .

HY-W008719S

MPP+-d3iodide	Mitochondrial Metabolism	Neurological Disease
MPP+-d₃ (iodide) is deuterium labeled MPP+ (iodide). MPP+ iodide, a toxic metabolite of the neurotoxin MPTP, causes symptom of Parkinson's disease in animal models by selectively destroying dopaminergic neurons in substantia nigra. MPP+ iodide is taken up by the dopamine transporter into dopaminergic neurons where it exerts its neurotoxic action on mitochondria by affecting complex I of the respiratory chain. MPP+ iodide is also a high affinity substrate for the serotonin transporter (SERT) .

HY-104031

tCFA15	Notch	Neurological Disease
tCFA15 is a trimethyl cyclohexenonic long chain fatty alcohol containing 15 carbon atoms on the side chain, promotes the differentiation of neurons, and may regulates Notch signaling.

HY-167709

Azacosterol 20.25-Diazacholesterol	Xanthine Oxidase	Neurological Disease
Azacosterol (20.25-Diazacholesterol), also known as Diazasterol, acts as a DHCR24 inhibitor and initiates a cascade of reactions in cortical neurons after being administered orally or via intraperitoneal injection.

HY-101889

Cresyl Violet perchlorate Oxazine 9 perchlorate	Fluorescent Dye	Neurological Disease
Cresyl Violet perchlorate is a red fluorescent stain, which can be used to stain neurons.

HY-162712

OX-201	Orexin Receptor (OX Receptor) Tau Protein	Neurological Disease
OX-201 is an orally active, blood-brain barrier-permeable OX2R agonist with an EC₅₀ of 8.0 nM. OX-201 activates OX2R to induce wakefulness and neuronal activation. OX-201 promotes the release of neuron activity-dependent tau protein from neurons into the interstitial fluid of hippocampal tissues. OX-201 is applicable to research related to Alzheimer's disease and tauopathies .

HY-B0887C

1R-cis-Permethrin 1R-cis-NRDC-143	Parasite	Infection
1R-cis-Permethrin is an insecticide and neurotoxin. 1R-cis-Permethrin affects neuron membranes by prolonging sodium channel activation .

HY-13106A

Olodanrigan sodium EMA401 sodium; PD-126055 sodium	Angiotensin Receptor	Neurological Disease Endocrinology
Olodanrigan (EMA401) sodium is a highly selective, orally active, peripherally restricted angiotensin II type 2 receptor (AT2R) antagonist. Olodanrigan sodium is under development as a neuropathic pain therapeutic agent. Olodanrigan sodium analgesic action appears to involve inhibition of augmented AngII/AT2R induced p38 and p42/p44 MAPK activation, and hence inhibition of DRG neuron hyperexcitability and sprouting of DRG neurons .

HY-108479

Nolpitantium SR140333	Neurokinin Receptor	Neurological Disease
Nolpitantium (SR140333) is a potent, selective, competitive, non-peptide tachykinin NK₁ receptor antagonist. Nolpitantium blocks the activation of rat thalamic neurons after nociceptive stimulation .

HY-P0249A

Phe-Met-Arg-Phe amide trifluoroacetate	Potassium Channel	Neurological Disease
Phe-Met-Arg-Phe amide trifluoroacetate is an activator of K ⁺ current, with ED₅₀ of 23 nM in the peptidergic caudodorsal neurons.

HY-B1304A

(+)-Sparteine sulfate pentahydrate 1 Publications Verification (+)-Lupinidine sulfate pentahydrate	nAChR	Neurological Disease
(+)-sparteine (sulfate pentahydrate) is a ganglionic blocking agent. (+)-Sparteine competitively blocks nicotinic ACh receptor in the neurons .

HY-N1838

Dehydromaackiain	Others	Neurological Disease
Dehydromaackiain is a potent Neurogenin2 (Ngn2) promoter activator. Dehydromaackiain promotes differentiation of neural stem cells into neurons .

HY-P10979

Buccalin	Neuropeptide S Receptor	Neurological Disease
Buccalin is a neuropeptide that colocalizes with small molecule cardioactive peptides in neuronal B15. When exogenously applied to the ARC neuromuscular junction, Buccalin reduces the amplitude of muscle contraction induced by motor neuron firing and acts only presynaptically. Buccalin has no effect on the rate of muscle relaxation and reduces motor neuron-induced ARC excitatory junction potentials without affecting contraction produced by direct acetylcholine action on the muscle .

HY-N0949

(-)-Variabilin	Others	Neurological Disease
(-)-Variabilin (compound 13) is an Neurogenin2 (Ngn2) promoter activator isolated from Butea superba. (-)-Variabilin promotes differentiation of neural stem cells into neurons .

HY-114550

LY339434	iGluR	Neurological Disease
LY339434 is a potent and selective agonist for the hydrochloride receptor GluR5. LY339434 affects the rapid death of neurons through n-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors .

Cat. No.	Product Name	Category	Target	Chemical Structure

HY-B0282

Acetylcholine chloride 20+ Cited Publications ACh chloride	Structural Classification Natural Products Neurological Disease Classification of Application Fields Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification Cancer	nAChR Calcium Channel Endogenous Metabolite
Acetylcholine chloride (ACh chloride), a neurotransmitter, is a potent and BBB-permeable cholinergic agonist. Acetylcholine chloride is a modulator of the activity of dopaminergic (DAergic) neurons through the stimulation of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) . Acetylcholine chloride inhibits p53 mutant peptide aggregation in vitro .

HY-N0109

Salidroside 40+ Cited Publications Rhodioloside	Classification of Application Fields Rhodiola rosea Linn. Crassulaceae Phenols Plants Disease Research Fields Cancer	PINK1/Parkin mTOR Apoptosis Prolyl Endopeptidase (PREP)
Salidroside (Rhodioloside) is a prolyl endopeptidase inhibitor. Salidroside alleviates cachexia symptoms in mouse models of cancer cachexia via activating mTOR signalling. Salidroside protects dopaminergic neurons by enhancing PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy.

HY-17389

Genipin 20+ Cited Publications (+)-Genipin	Neurological Disease Classification of Application Fields Metabolic Disease Plants Endogenous metabolite Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Iridoids Terpenoids Rubiaceae Gardenia jasminoides Ellis Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Autophagy
Genipin ((+)-Genipin) is a natural crosslinking reagent derived from Gardenia jasminoides Ellis fruits. Genipin inhibits UCP2 (uncoupling protein 2) in cells. Genipin has a variety of bioactivities, including modulation on proteins, antitumor, anti-inflammation, immunosuppression, antithrombosis, and protection of hippocampal neurons. Genipin also can be used for type 2 diabetes research .

HY-B1906

Streptomycin Maximum Cited Publications 46 Publications Verification Agrept; Agrimycin; Streptomycin A	Microorganisms Source Classification	Environmental Pollutants Antibiotic Bacterial
Streptomycin (Agrept) is an effective antibiotic against M. tuberculosis, is used for the research of tuberculosis (TB). Streptomycin also is a bacteriocidal agent that can be used for the research of a number of bacterial infections. Streptomycin can bind strongly to nucleic acids, interferes and blocks protein synthesis while permitting continued RNA and DNA synthesis. Streptomycin, as a common antibiotic used in culture media, also is a blocker of stretch-activated and mechanosensitive ion channels in neurons and cardiac myocytes .

HY-W004260

Arachidic acid 3 Publications Verification Eicosanoic acid	Structural Classification Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Microorganisms Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Other Diseases Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite
Arachidic acid is an orally bioavailable membrane fluidity modulator and receptor/ion channel effector. Arachidic acid does not activate arachidonic acid-sensitive K ⁺ channels in rat midbrain and hypothalamic neurons. Arachidic acid alleviates age-related spatial cognitive impairment. Arachidic acid is applicable for research related to age-related spatial cognitive impairment .

HY-128850

N-Acetyl-D-mannosamine N-Acetylmannosamine; ManNAc	Natural Products Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Neurological Disease Classification of Application Fields Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite
N-Acetyl-D-mannosamine (ManNAc) is an oral active sialic acid precursor that can prevent hypertension by increasing sialylation of IgG, making it a promising candidate for cardiovascular disease research. Additionally, N-Acetyl-D-mannosamine can activate hypocretin (HCRT) gene expression in orexin neurons and improve neurodegeneration caused by aging, offering potential avenues for research in neurological disorders .

HY-79494

Glyoxalic acid (50%w/w in water) 3 Publications Verification NSC 27785; Formylformic acid; Oxalaldehydic acid	Structural Classification Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Microorganisms Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Disease markers Other Diseases Endocrine diseases Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields	Endogenous Metabolite
Glyoxalic acid (NSC 27785) (50%w/w in water) is an organic compound that is both an aldehyde and a carboxylic acid. Glyoxalic acid (50%w/w in water) induces fluorescence. Glyoxalic acid (50%w/w in water) is used to study neurons . The product has a content (w/w) of 50%, meaning that the mass of Glyoxalic acid in a 250 g Size is 125 g.

HY-N0532

Morroniside	Iridoids Cornaceae Cornus officinalis Sieb. et Zucc. Terpenoids Plants Source Classification	MMP Pyroptosis Apoptosis
Morroniside has neuroprotective effect by inhibiting neuron apoptosis and MMP2/9 expression.

HY-N0076

Bilobalide 2 Publications Verification (-)-Bilobalide	Ginkgoaceae Terpenoids Sesquiterpenes Plants Endogenous metabolite Ginkgo biloba Source Classification	Apoptosis Autophagy Endogenous Metabolite
Bilobalide, a sesquiterpene trilactone constituent of Ginkgo biloba, inhibits the NMDA-induced efflux of choline with an IC₅₀ value of 2.3 μM. Bilobalide prevents apoptosis through activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway in SH-SY5Y cells. Exerts protective and trophic effects on neurons .

HY-B0762

Acetyl-L-carnitine hydrochloride 2 Publications Verification O-Acetyl-L-carnitine hydrochloride; ALCAR hydrochloride	Alkaloids Structural Classification Other Alkaloids Endogenous metabolite Source Classification	Caspase Apoptosis
Acetyl-L-carnitine (O-Acetyl-L-carnitine; ALCAR) hydrochloride is an orally active mitochondrial energy metabolism regulator and neuroprotectant that can penetrate the blood-brain barrier. Acetyl-L-carnitine hydrochloride selectively enters cells and the brain through the organic cation transporter OCTN2. Acetyl-L-carnitine hydrochloride can participate in fatty acid β-oxidation, promote acetylcholine synthesis, regulate mitochondrial function and inhibit oxidative stress as an acetyl donor. Acetyl-L-carnitine hydrochloride exerts its activity by enhancing energy metabolism, protecting neurons and improving synaptic plasticity. Acetyl-L-carnitine hydrochloride is mainly used in the study of neurodegenerative diseases and metabolic disorder-related diseases such as neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain damage, Alzheimer's disease, and depression .

HY-W008350

(+)-Sparteine 1 Publications Verification Pachycarpine	Alkaloids Piperidine Alkaloids Structural Classification other families Plants Source Classification	nAChR
(+)-Sparteine is a natural alkaloid acting as a ganglionic blocking agent. (+)-Sparteine competitively blocks nicotinic ACh receptor in the neurons.

HY-135013

Umbellulone	Other Monoterpenes Terpenoids Myrtaceae Plants Myrtus communis L. Source Classification	TRP Channel
Umbellulone is an active constituent of the leaves of Umbellularia californica. Umbellulone stimulates the TRPA1 channel in a subset of peptidergic, nociceptive neurons, activating the trigeminovascular system via this mechanism .

HY-N0815

Resibufogenin 5+ Cited Publications Bufogenin; Recibufogenin	Animals Classification of Application Fields Disease Research Fields Steroids Source Classification Cancer	PI3K Akt NF-κB AP-1 GSK-3 CDK
Resibufogenin is an orally active anticancer agent. Resibufogenin can be extracted from toad venom. Resibufogenin blocks signaling pathways such as PI3K/Akt, NF-κB, AP-1, activates GSK-3β, and regulates cyclin D1. Resibufogenin can activate central neurons. Resibufogenin has anti-inflammatory activity. Resibufogenin has anti-tumor effects on a variety of tumors such as multiple myeloma, renal cancer, colorectal cancer, pancreatic cancer, and glioma .

HY-N2183

Baimaside 3 Publications Verification Quercetin 3-O-sophoroside	Apocynaceae Flavonols Structural Classification Flavonoids Classification of Application Fields Other Diseases Phenols Polyphenols Plants Apocynum venetum Linn. Disease Research Fields Source Classification	SARS-CoV
Baimaside (Quercetin 3-O-sophoroside) is a flavonoid cholinergic function modulator that binds to SARS-CoV-2-related targets. Baimaside regulates the expression of cholinergic system-related proteins and acetylcholine levels, improves scopolamine-induced learning and memory impairment, protects hippocampal neurons, inhibits pollen protein fluorescence, and protects pollen DNA. Its biosynthesis is regulated by multiple enzymes. Baimaside is completely absorbed in rats, undergoes phase Ⅱ metabolism and gut microbiota decomposition, and inhibits the invasion and proliferation of SARS-CoV-2 and its variants, making it suitable for research related to Alzheimer's disease and COVID-19 .

HY-113218

Acetyl-L-carnitine 2 Publications Verification O-Acetyl-L-carnitine; ALCAR	Natural Products Animals Source Classification	Caspase Apoptosis
Acetyl-L-carnitine (O-Acetyl-L-carnitine; ALCAR) is an orally active mitochondrial energy metabolism regulator and neuroprotectant that can penetrate the blood-brain barrier. Acetyl-L-carnitine selectively enters cells and the brain through the organic cation transporter OCTN2. Acetyl-L-carnitine can participate in fatty acid β-oxidation, promote acetylcholine synthesis, regulate mitochondrial function and inhibit oxidative stress as an acetyl donor. Acetyl-L-carnitine exerts its activity by enhancing energy metabolism, protecting neurons and improving synaptic plasticity. Acetyl-L-carnitine is mainly used in the study of neurodegenerative diseases and metabolic disorder-related diseases such as neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain damage, Alzheimer's disease, and depression .

HY-B1065

Aceglutamide α-N-Acetyl-L-glutamine; N2-Acetylglutamine	Microorganisms Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Endogenous metabolite Source Classification	Keap1-Nrf2 Akt ASK1 Apoptosis
Aceglutamide (α-N-Acetyl-L-glutamine; N2-Acetylglutamine) is a neuroprotectant that can penetrate the blood-brain barrier. Aceglutamide can enhance the antioxidant systems of glutathione (GSH), thioredoxin (Trx) and Nrf2. Aceglutamide also inhibits ASK1 and TRAF1, activates the Akt/Bcl-2 anti-apoptotic pathway, enhances the activity of antioxidant enzymes and reduces oxidative damage. Aceglutamide can improve neurological deficits after cerebral ischemia, reduce infarct volume, and inhibit neuronal apoptosis, especially substantia nigra dopaminergic neurons. Aceglutamide can reduce cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury, improve motor dysfunction, and is used in ischemic stroke-related research .

HY-N7368

Hibifolin	Flavonols Flavonoids other families Neurological Disease Classification of Application Fields Phenols Polyphenols Plants Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Adenosine Deaminase Bacterial Caspase
Hibifolin is a flavonol glycoside that can be isolated from Helicteres isora. Hibifolin is an inhibitor of adenosine deaminase (ADA) (K_i = 49.92 μM). Hibifolin protects neurons against β-amyloid-induced neurotoxicity. Hibifolin possesses a potent protective activity against cell death induced by aggregated Aβ. Hibifolin can abolish Aβ-induced caspase-3 and caspase-7 activation. Hibifolin induces Akt phosphorylation in cortical neurons. Hibifolin is also a natural sortase A (SrtA) inhibitor (IC₅₀ = 31.2 μM) through direct binding to SrtA protein. Hibifolin attenuates the pathogenic behavior of Staphylococcus aureus including adhesion, invasion, and biofilm formation. Hibifolin improves the survival of pneumonia induced by Staphylococcus aureus in mouse model and alleviates pathological damage. Hibifolin shows a synergistic antibacterial effect with Cefotaxime (HY-A0088A) .

HY-N0743

Senkyunolide A 4 Publications Verification	Natural Products Classification of Application Fields Dicerothamnus rhinocerotis Umbelliferae Plants Disease Research Fields Source Classification Cancer	α-synuclein
Senkyunolide A is a phthalide, anti-tumor cell proliferation agent with anticancer activity. Senkyunolide A protects neurons from corticosterone (HY-B1618)-induced apoptosis by decreasing protein phosphatase PP2A and α-synuclein phosphorylation and protein level. Senkyunolide A also inhibits osteoarthritis through the NLRP3 signaling pathway and suppresses the expression of CD137, a diagnostic biomarker for atherosclerosis .

HY-W074890

Palmitoylglycine 1 Publications Verification N-palmitoyl glycine	Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Microorganisms Neurological Disease Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Endogenous metabolite Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Calcium Channel NO Synthase
Palmitoylglycine (N-palmitoyl glycine), an endogenous lipid that acts as a modulator of calcium influx and nitric oxide () production in sensory neurons. Palmitoylglycine is linked to an increased risk of Background Brugada syndrome (BrS) and interacts with BrS-associated proteins, demonstrating moderate binding affinities for DCC, CR1, CTSB, NAAA, DEFB1, EPHA1, IGF1/IGFBP3/ALS, and LTA .

HY-130259

LC3-mHTT-IN-AN2	other families Coumarins Phenols Polyphenols Phenylpropanoids Plants Source Classification	Atg8/LC3 Autophagy
LC3-mHTT-IN-AN2 (Compound AN2) is a mHTT-LC3 linker compound, which interacts with both mutant huntingtin protein (mHTT) and LC3B but not with wtHTT or irrelevant control proteins. LC3-mHTT-IN-AN2 reduces the levels of mHTT in an allele-selective manner in cultured Huntington disease (HD) mouse neurons .

HY-N5060

Estragole 4-Allylanisole	Structural Classification Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb. Simple Phenylpropanols Phenylpropanoids Plants Pandanaceae Source Classification	Environmental Pollutants Parasite Apoptosis Keap1-Nrf2 NF-κB
Estragole (4-Allylanisole) is a relatively nontoxic volatile terpenoid ether and major component of the essential oil from many plants. Estragole significantly triggers Apoptosis, suppresses LPS-induced intracellular ROS production. Estragole activats Nrf-2 and regulates NF-κB. Estragole has anti-toxoplasma, anti-inflammatory, anti-edema, antioxidant and immunomodulatory properties. Estragole blocks DRG neuron excitability. Estragole has improves gastric ulcer activity .

HY-N6746

Citrinin NSC 186	Infection Microorganisms Neurological Disease Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Bacterial Fungal Endogenous Metabolite Apoptosis
Citrinin (NSC 186) is a mycotoxin that causes food contamination and has different toxic effects. Citrinin is an effective oral anticancer agent. Citrinin has various regulatory effects on mouse immune system, including regulating the number of immune cells, inducing apoptosis and autophagy of immune cells, altering toll-like receptor expression and cytokine production. Citrinin can induce oxidative stress and lead to early apoptosis of oocytes. Low doses of Citrinin have neuroprotective effects against glutamate-induced excitotoxicity in rat cortical neurons. In addition, Citrinin also has antibacterial activity .

HY-N0061

Ethyl ferulate 3 Publications Verification	Monophenols Simple Phenylpropanols Phenols Dicerothamnus rhinocerotis Phenylpropanoids Umbelliferae Plants Source Classification	Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)
Ethyl ferulate, a naturally lipophilic derivative of ferulic acid originally derived from Rhizoma Chuanxiong, induces heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and protects rat neurons against oxidative stress . Ethyl ferulate also protects neurons against amyloid β peptide (1-42)-induced oxidative stress and neurotoxicity .

HY-136341

7,8-Dihydroneopterin	Natural Products Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Microorganisms Endogenous metabolite Source Classification	Apoptosis NO Synthase Endogenous Metabolite
7,8-Dihydroneopterin, an inflammation marker, induces cellular apoptosis in astrocytes and neurons via enhancement of nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression. 7,8-Dihydroneopterin can be used in the research of neurodegenerative diseases .

HY-121362

Evernic Acid	Structural Classification other families Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Plants Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Bacterial Endogenous Metabolite TrxR
Evernic Acid is an orally active thioredoxin reductase 1 (TrxR1) inhibitor and antiproliferative agent. Evernic Acid inhibits the proliferation and migration of human breast cancer cells. Evernic Acid blocks the NF-κB pathway by inhibiting p65 nuclear translocation and IκBα phosphorylation, thereby suppressing downstream inflammatory mediators. Evernic Acid acts as an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory agent and neuroprotective agent, protects neurons from cell death, mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress damage, reduces astrocyte activation, and ameliorates dopaminergic neuron loss and neuroinflammation. Evernic Acid inhibits enoyl reductases FabI and FabZ of Plasmodium falciparum. Evernic Acid downregulates the expression of lasB and rhlA genes in Pseudomonas aeruginosa, inhibits quorum sensing and biofilm formation, and exerts antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria and fungi. Evernic Acid is applicable to research related to breast cancer, Parkinson's disease, bacterial infections and fungal infections .

HY-N2500

Deoxypodophyllotoxin	Infection Cardiovascular Disease other families Classification of Application Fields Centaurea ornata Lignans Phenylpropanoids Umbelliferae Plants Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Microtubule/Tubulin Apoptosis Autophagy
Deoxypodophyllotoxin (DPT), a derivative of podophyllotoxin, is a lignan with potent antimitotic, anti-inflammatory and antiviral properties isolated from Anthriscus sylvestris. Deoxypodophyllotoxin, targets the microtubule, has a major impact in oncology not only as anti-mitotics but also as potent inhibitors of angiogenesis . Deoxypodophyllotoxin induces cell autophagy and apoptosis . Deoxypodophyllotoxin evokes increase of intracellular Ca ²⁺ concentrations in DRG neurons .

HY-W040045

Callistephin chloride 1 Publications Verification Pelargonidin-3-O-glucoside chloride	Anthocyans Flavonoids Classification of Application Fields Rosaceae Other Diseases Phenols Polyphenols Plants Disease Research Fields Fragaria × ananassa Duch. Source Classification	Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) COX NO Synthase p38 MAPK TNF Receptor Apoptosis
Callistephin (Pelargonidin 3-O-glucoside) chloride is an anthocyanin. Callistephin chloride regulates the expression of inflammatory (reducing iNOS/TNF-α/COX-2) and apoptosis-related proteins by inhibiting p38 phosphorylation, and enhances the protective effect of Isoflurane (HY-A0134) on microglial cell damage. Callistephin chloride significantly reduces ROS levels, eliminates DPPH free radicals, protects retinal pigment epithelial cells, and inhibits lipid peroxidation. Callistephin chloride can alleviate glutamate excitotoxicity, reduce neuronal apoptosis, and protect cerebellar granule neurons. Callistephin chloride can inhibit the proliferation and metastasis of breast cancer cells by inducing apoptosis .

HY-N1353

Rhamnocitrin 2 Publications Verification	Cardiovascular Disease Flavonols Flavonoids other families Classification of Application Fields Phenols Polyphenols Plants Disease Research Fields Source Classification	p38 MAPK
Rhamnocitrin is an anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agent that targets STIM-1, NFATc3 and MAPK pathways and can scavenge DPPH (IC₅₀=28.38 mM). Rhamnocitrin selectively inhibits oxidative stress and inflammatory responses in vascular endothelial cells and neurons. Rhamnocitrin up-regulates miR-185 to inhibit STIM-1-mediated store-operated calcium entry (SOCE), thereby blocking NFATc3 nuclear translocation and downstream inflammatory factor expression, while inducing heme oxygenase HO-1 expression and regulating the ERK/p38 MAPK pathway, inhibiting antioxidant and pro-inflammatory cytokines (such as IL-6, IL-8) and adhesion molecules (such as ICAM-1, VCAM-1). Rhamnocitrin can be used in the study of endothelial-related inflammatory diseases (such as sepsis, acute lung injury, atherosclerosis) and neuroprotection (such as oxidative damage of PC12 cells) .

HY-N3126

Orsellinic acid	Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Microorganisms Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Other Diseases Phenols Polyphenols Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Drug Derivative Fungal Apoptosis Caspase PARP
Orsellinic acid is a Benzoic acid (HY-N0216) derivative. Orsellinic acid can be isolated from Chaetomium globosum endophytic on Ephedra fasciculata (Mormon tea). Orsellinic acid blocks PAF-mediated Apoptosis, inhibits caspase-3/7 activation, and PARP cleavage. Orsellinic acid can be used in research of neurons and various tumors (non-small cell lung cancer, breast cancer, neuroblastoma, pancreatic cancer) .

HY-122958

Peucedanocoumarin III	Structural Classification Carpesium cernuum L. Coumarins Phenylpropanoids Umbelliferae Plants Source Classification	α-synuclein
Peucedanocoumarin III is an α-synuclein fiber depolymerizer with blood-brain barrier permeability. Peucedanocoumarin III depolymerizes β-sheet aggregate structures, promotes aggregate clearance, inhibits β23-induced cytotoxicity, blocks the formation of Lewy body-like inclusions, and prevents dopaminergic neuron loss. Peucedanocoumarin III can be used in studies related to Parkinson's disease .

HY-113468A

3-O-Methyldopa 1 Publications Verification 3-Methoxy-L-tyrosine; 3-O-Methyl-L-DOPA	Monophenols Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Phenols Endogenous metabolite Source Classification	Drug Derivative Interleukin Related
3-O-Methyldopa (3-Methoxy-L-tyrosine) is a metabolite of L-DOPA (HY-N0304) that can cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB). 3-O-Methyldopa inhibits the astrocyte-mediated protective effect of L-DOPA (HY-N0304) on dopaminergic neurons. In addition, 3-O-Methyldopa has certain antidepressant and neuroprotective activities. 3-O-Methyldopa can be used in the research of nervous system diseases such as depression and Parkinson's disease .

HY-129692

Withanone 1 Publications Verification	Withania somnifera Solanaceae Plants Steroids Source Classification	iGluR
Withanone is an active ingredient from the roots of Withania somnifera and a GRP75 inhibitor. Withanone has multifunctional neuroprotective effects in alleviating cognitive dysfunction. In neuron-like cells, Withanone can inhibit NMDA-induced excitotoxicity. Withanone can inhibit white adipose tissue browning by blocking the formation of the GRP75-ANT2-UCP1 complex, thereby alleviating cancer-related cachexia. Withanone can be used in the research of tumors and nervous system diseases .

HY-N0307

Ciwujianoside B	Triterpenes Structural Classification Terpenoids Acanthopanax senticosus (Rupr. et Maxim.) Harms Plants Araliaceae Source Classification	Bcl-2 Family NF-κB DNA/RNA Synthesis Apoptosis
Ciwujianoside B is an orally active, blood-brain barrier penetrable radioprotective agent and memory enhancer. Ciwujianoside B reduces radiation-induced DNA damage, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, downregulates NF-κB and the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, and enhances the proliferative capacity of bone marrow cells. Ciwujianoside B enhances object recognition memory in normal mice and induces dendritic extension in primary cultured cortical neurons. Ciwujianoside B can be used in studies related to hematopoietic system radiation injury and memory enhancement .

HY-113285

Ureidopropionic acid 3-Ureidopropionic acid	Structural Classification Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Other Diseases Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields	Oxidative Phosphorylation
Ureidopropionic acid is a mitochondrial respiratory chain complex V inhibitor that selectively inhibits the activity of mitochondrial respiratory chain complex V, with no effect on respiratory chain complexes I-IV or mitochondrial fatty acid β-oxidation. Ureidopropionic acid induces the production of reactive oxygen species, delayed elevation of intracellular calcium concentration, secondary energy-dependent excitotoxicity and neurodegeneration in neurons. Ureidopropionic acid promotes neuropathological changes by impairing mitochondrial energy metabolism, oxidative stress and excitotoxicity pathways. Ureidopropionic acid can be used in studies related to 3-ureidopropionase deficiency and severe propionic aciduria .

HY-N0381

Maackiain 1 Publications Verification DL-Maackiain	Infection Structural Classification Natural Products Monophenols other families Classification of Application Fields Phenols Plants Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Keap1-Nrf2 p38 MAPK NOD-like Receptor (NLR) NF-κB mTOR Monoamine Oxidase Nuclear Factor of activated T Cells (NFAT) PKC Apoptosis Pyroptosis Autophagy Dengue Virus
Maackiain (DL-Maackiain) is an orally active multi-target inhibitor with anti-tumor activity and neuroprotective effects. Maackiain activates the AMPK, NLRP3 and Nrf2/HO-1 pathways, and inhibits key targets such as NF-κB, mTOR, MAO-B, NFATc1 and PKCδ, thereby precisely regulating processes including apoptosis, autophagy and pyroptosis. Maackiain also effectively inhibits microglial activation, osteoclast formation, and proliferation and invasion of tumor cells, and protects dopaminergic neurons from damage. Maackiain is applicable to the research of various diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, osteoporosis, sepsis and dengue fever 。

HY-Y0519

Pyrimidine	Structural Classification Natural Products Classification of Application Fields Metabolic Disease Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite
Pyrimidine is a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound and endogenous metabolite. Pyrimidine derivatives can be used in pancreatic cancer, triple-negative breast cancer, colon carcinoma and neuron research .

HY-128900

11-cis-Vaccenyl acetate	Structural Classification Classification of Application Fields Other Diseases Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Lipid Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite
11-cis-Vaccenyl acetate is male-specific lipid that mediates aggregation behavior in both male and female flies, which activates a few dozen olfactory neurons located in T1 sensilla on the antenna of both male and female flies .

HY-N2160

6'''-Feruloylspinosin	Flavonoids other families Flavones Phenols Polyphenols Plants Source Classification	GABA Receptor
6'''-Feruloylspinosin is a flavonoid isolated from seeds of Ziziphus jujuba. 6'''-Feruloylspinosin can across the blood-brain barrier and enhance the expression of GABAAα1, GABAAα5, and GABABR1 mRNA in rat hippocampal neurons .

HY-N0046

Notoginsenoside Fe Notoginseng triterpenes; Ginsenoside Mb	Triterpenes Structural Classification Panax notoginseng (Burkill) F. H. Chen ex C. H. Chow Classification of Application Fields Terpenoids Other Diseases Plants Disease Research Fields Araliaceae Source Classification	Apoptosis Src
Notoginsenoside Fe (Notoginseng triterpenes; Ginsenoside Mb) is a saponin with anti-obesity and anti-neuroblastoma activities. Notoginsenoside Fe can be isolated from leaves of Panax notoginseng. Notoginsenoside Fe specifically activates paraventricular nucleus neurons in the hypothalamus, effectively reducing body weight, improving fasting blood glucose and protecting liver function by decreasing food intake, increasing resting metabolic rate and enhancing energy expenditure. Notoginsenoside Fe also inhibits the c-Src signaling pathway, blocks the proliferation and viability of human neuroblastoma cells, while improving mitochondrial dysfunction and alleviating apoptosis. Notoginsenoside Fe can be used in studies related to diet-induced obesity and neuroblastoma .

HY-N4205

Tetrahydropiperine	Alkaloids Piperidine Alkaloids Classification of Application Fields Piperaceae Plants Disease Research Fields Piper nigrum Linn. Source Classification Cancer	Cytochrome P450
Tetrahydropiperine is an orally effective, selective inhibitor of NF-κB and MAPKs<、b>, and an activator of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR<、b> pathway. Tetrahydropiperine reduces the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-6, and nitric oxide (NO) by inhibiting the nuclear translocation of NF-κB and the phosphorylation of MAPKs such as ERK, JNK, and p38. At the same time, Tetrahydropiperine inhibits excessive autophagy by activating the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, protecting neurons from oxidative damage. Tetrahydropiperine has anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and neuroprotective effects, and is mainly used in the study of inflammatory diseases (such as endotoxemia, arthritis) and neurological diseases such as ischemic stroke .

HY-N4246

Bacopaside I	Triterpenes Structural Classification Terpenoids Scrophulariaceae Plants Bacopa monnieri (Linn.) Wettst. Source Classification	Aquaporin PKC Akt PI3K Apoptosis Monoamine Oxidase Pregnane X Receptor (PXR)
Bacopaside I is an orally active aquaporin AQP1 inhibitor and PKC modulator with neuroprotective and anticancer activities. Bacopaside I specifically blocks the water channel and cGMP-gated ion channel activities of AQP1 without affecting AQP4, thereby inhibiting the migration of colon cancer cells expressing AQP1. Bacopaside I activates the Akt pathway by interacting with PI3K, specifically inhibits MAO-A, effectively alleviates neuron necrosis and apoptosis induced by oxygen-glucose deprivation, reduces oxidative stress, and regulates the surface expression of neuroreceptors. When combined with Bacopaside II (HY-N6016), Bacopaside I significantly reduces the viability, proliferation and invasion ability of breast cancer cells, and binds to the pregnane X receptor (PXR). Bacopaside I is applicable to the research of colon cancer, breast cancer, vascular dementia, cerebral ischemia and other related diseases .

HY-N2740

Agalloside	Structural Classification Flavonoids Flavones Thymelaeaceae Plants Aquilaria sinensis (Lour.) Spreng. Source Classification	Sirtuin
Agalloside is a neural stem cell differentiation activator that binds to Hes1, and it is found in Aquilaria agallocha. Agalloside promotes the differentiation of neural stem cells and increases the number of neurons. Agalloside can be used in studies related to neural stem cell differentiation .

HY-114883

Homocarnosine L-Homocarnosine	Structural Classification Natural Products Classification of Application Fields Endogenous metabolite Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields Source Classification	GABA Receptor Endogenous Metabolite
Homocarnosine is a dipeptide of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and histidine unique to brain. Homocarnosine is an inhibitory neuromodulator synthesized in the neuron from GABA and exhibiting anticonvulsant effects .Homocarnosine has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions, prevention of DNA damage, and inhibition of advanced glycation end-product formation .

HY-B0282R

Acetylcholine chloride (Standard) ACh chloride (Standard)	Structural Classification Natural Products Endogenous metabolite Source Classification	Reference Standards nAChR Calcium Channel Endogenous Metabolite
Acetylcholine (chloride) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Acetylcholine (chloride). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Acetylcholine chloride (ACh chloride), a neurotransmitter, is a potent and BBB-permeable cholinergic agonist. Acetylcholine chloride is a modulator of the activity of dopaminergic (DAergic) neurons through the stimulation of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) . Acetylcholine chloride inhibits p53 mutant peptide aggregation in vitro .

HY-N8249

Cynandione A	Apocynaceae Phenols Polyphenols Plants Cynanchum boudieri H. Lév. & Vaniot Source Classification	nAChR Interleukin Related
Cynandione A is an acetophenone that can be isolated from Cynanchum Wilfordii Radix. Cynandione A protects hepatocytes and cortical neurons from toxicity and improves neurological deficits in a rat model of cerebral ischemia. On the other hand, cynandione A has significant anti-inflammatory effects and inhibits inflammation by activating macrophage α7 nAChR and IL-10 expression .

HY-N4126

6-Demethoxytangeretin 1 Publications Verification	Structural Classification Neurological Disease Classification of Application Fields Flavones Rutaceae Plants Citrus reticulata Blanco Flavonoids other families Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields Source Classification Cancer	Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) p38 MAPK Interleukin Related ERK JNK JAK STAT Akt
6-Demethoxytangeretin is a flavonoid compound that can be isolated from Citrus reticulata. 6-Demethoxytangeretin has anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic activities and can inhibit the production of IL-6 and the expression of related genes in human mast cells through the ALK and MAPK pathways. 6-Demethoxytangeretin can promote CRE-mediated transcription in hippocampal neurons .

HY-W010410

Oct-1-en-3-ol	Microorganisms Plants Source Classification	Environmental Pollutants
Oct-1-en-3-ol, a fatty acid fragrant, is a self-stimulating oxylipin messenger. Oct-1-en-3-ol serves as a signaling molecule in plant cellular responses, plant-herbivore interactions, and plant-plant interactions. Oct-1-en-3-ol causes dopamine neuron degeneration through disruption of dopamine handling .

HY-N1978

3'-Methoxypuerarin 2 Publications Verification	Flavonoids Pueraria edulis Pampan. Leguminosae Phenols Polyphenols Plants Isoflavones Source Classification	Others
3'-Methoxypuerarin (3'-MOP) is an isoflavone extracted from radix puerariae that shows neuron protection activity.

HY-N0109R

Salidroside (Standard) 40+ Cited Publications Rhodioloside (Standard)	Structural Classification Classification of Application Fields Rhodiola rosea Linn. Crassulaceae Phenols Plants Disease Research Fields Source Classification Cancer	Prolyl Endopeptidase (PREP) mTOR Apoptosis PINK1/Parkin Reference Standards
Salidroside (Standard) is the analytical standard of Salidroside. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Salidroside (Rhodioloside) is a prolyl endopeptidase inhibitor. Salidroside alleviates cachexia symptoms in mouse models of cancer cachexia via activating mTOR signalling. Salidroside protects dopaminergic neurons by enhancing PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy.

HY-114883A

Homocarnosine TFA L-Homocarnosine TFA	Structural Classification Natural Products Neurological Disease Classification of Application Fields Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	GABA Receptor Endogenous Metabolite
Homocarnosine TFA is a dipeptide of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and histidine unique to brain. Homocarnosine TFA is an inhibitory neuromodulator synthesized in the neuron from GABA and exhibiting anticonvulsant effects . Homocarnosine TFA has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions, prevention of DNA damage, and inhibition of advanced glycation end-product formation .

Cat. No.	Product Name	Chemical Structure

HY-B0282S

Acetylcholine-d4 chloride

Acetylcholine-d₄ (chloride) is the deuterium labeled Acetylcholine chloride. Acetylcholine chloride (ACh chloride), a neurotransmitter, is a potent and BBB-permeable cholinergic agonist. Acetylcholine chloride is a modulator of the activity of dopaminergic (DAergic) neurons through the stimulation of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) . Acetylcholine chloride inhibits p53 mutant peptide aggregation in vitro .

HY-B0762S

Acetyl-L-carnitine-d3 hydrochloride

Acetyl-L-carnitine-d₃ (O-Acetyl-L-carnitine-d₃) hydrochloride is the deuterium labeled Acetyl-L-carnitine hydrochloride (HY-B0762). Acetyl-L-carnitine (O-Acetyl-L-carnitine; ALCAR) hydrochloride is an orally active mitochondrial energy metabolism regulator and neuroprotectant that can penetrate the blood-brain barrier. Acetyl-L-carnitine hydrochloride selectively enters cells and the brain through the organic cation transporter OCTN2. Acetyl-L-carnitine hydrochloride can participate in fatty acid β-oxidation, promote acetylcholine synthesis, regulate mitochondrial function and inhibit oxidative stress as an acetyl donor. Acetyl-L-carnitine hydrochloride exerts its activity by enhancing energy metabolism, protecting neurons and improving synaptic plasticity. Acetyl-L-carnitine hydrochloride is mainly used in the study of neurodegenerative diseases and metabolic disorder-related diseases such as neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain damage, Alzheimer's disease, and depression .

HY-B0282S1

Acetylcholine-d9 chloride

Acetylcholine-d₉ (chloride) is the deuterium labeled Acetylcholine chloride. Acetylcholine chloride (ACh chloride), a neurotransmitter, is a potent and BBB-permeable cholinergic agonist. Acetylcholine chloride is a modulator of the activity of dopaminergic (DAergic) neurons through the stimulation of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) . Acetylcholine chloride inhibits p53 mutant peptide aggregation in vitro .

HY-113468AS

3-O-Methyldopa-d3

3-O-Methyldopa-d₃ (3-Methoxy-L-tyrosine-d₃) is deuterium labeled 3-O-Methyldopa (HY-113468A). 3-O-Methyldopa (3-Methoxy-L-tyrosine) is a metabolite of L-DOPA (HY-N0304) that can cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB). 3-O-Methyldopa inhibits the astrocyte-mediated protective effect of L-DOPA (HY-N0304) on dopaminergic neurons. In addition, 3-O-Methyldopa has certain antidepressant and neuroprotective activities. 3-O-Methyldopa can be used in the research of nervous system diseases such as depression and Parkinson's disease .

HY-B0887S

Permethrin-d5
Permethrin-d₅ (NRDC-143-d₅) is the deuterium labeled Permethrin. Permethrin (NRDC-143) is an insecticide, acaricide, and insect repellent; functions as a neurotoxin, affecting neuron membranes by prolonging sodium channel activation .

HY-15121S

L-Theanine-d5
L-Theanine-d₅ is the deuterium labeled L-Theanine. L-Theanine (L-Glutamic Acid γ-ethyl amide）is a non-protein amino acid contained in green tea leaves, which blocks the binding of L-glutamic acid to glutamate receptors in the brain, and with neuroprotective and anti-oxidative activities. L-Theanine causes anti-stress effects via the inhibition of cortical neuron excitation by oral intake .

HY-N5060S

Estragole-d4

Estragole-d₄ is deuterated labeled Estragole (HY-N5060). Estragole (4-Allylanisole) is a relatively nontoxic volatile terpenoid ether and major component of the essential oil from many plants. Estragole significantly triggers Apoptosis, suppresses LPS-induced intracellular ROS production. Estragole activats Nrf-2 and regulates NF-κB. Estragole has anti-toxoplasma, anti-inflammatory, anti-edema, antioxidant and immunomodulatory properties. Estragole blocks DRG neuron excitability. Estragole has improves gastric ulcer activity [10] .

HY-B0627S

Metformin-d6

Metformin-d₆ (1,1-Dimethylbiguanide-d₆) is a deuterated labeled Metformin (HY-B0627). Metformin (1,1-Dimethylbiguanide) inhibits the mitochondrial respiratory chain in the liver, leading to AMPK activation and enhancing insulin sensitivity, and can be used in the study of type 2 diabetes. Metformin exerts central glucose-lowering effects by inhibiting Ras-related protein 1 (Rap1) in SF1 hypothalamic neurons. Metformin also inhibits liver oxidative stress, nitrosative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis caused by liver ischemia/reperfusion injury. In addition, Metformin regulates the expression of autophagy-related proteins by activating AMPK and inhibiting the mTOR signaling pathway, thereby inducing tumor cell autophagy and inhibiting the growth of renal cell carcinoma in vitro and in vivo .

HY-109101S

Risdiplam-d4 1 Publications Verification
Risdiplam-d₄ is deuterium labeled Risdiplam. Risdiplam (RG7916) is an orally administered, centrally and peripherally distributed SMN2 pre-mRNA splicing modifier that increases survival motor neuron (SMN) protein levels .

HY-B0762S1

Acetyl-L-carnitine-d3-1 hydrochloride

Acetyl-L-carnitine-d₃-1 (O-Acetyl-L-carnitine-d₃-1) hydrochloride is the deuterium labeled Acetyl-L-carnitine hydrochloride (HY-B0762). Acetyl-L-carnitine (O-Acetyl-L-carnitine; ALCAR) hydrochloride is an orally active mitochondrial energy metabolism regulator and neuroprotectant that can penetrate the blood-brain barrier. Acetyl-L-carnitine hydrochloride selectively enters cells and the brain through the organic cation transporter OCTN2. Acetyl-L-carnitine hydrochloride can participate in fatty acid β-oxidation, promote acetylcholine synthesis, regulate mitochondrial function and inhibit oxidative stress as an acetyl donor. Acetyl-L-carnitine hydrochloride exerts its activity by enhancing energy metabolism, protecting neurons and improving synaptic plasticity. Acetyl-L-carnitine hydrochloride is mainly used in the study of neurodegenerative diseases and metabolic disorder-related diseases such as neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain damage, Alzheimer's disease, and depression .

HY-W008719S

MPP+-d3iodide

MPP+-d₃ (iodide) is deuterium labeled MPP+ (iodide). MPP+ iodide, a toxic metabolite of the neurotoxin MPTP, causes symptom of Parkinson's disease in animal models by selectively destroying dopaminergic neurons in substantia nigra. MPP+ iodide is taken up by the dopamine transporter into dopaminergic neurons where it exerts its neurotoxic action on mitochondria by affecting complex I of the respiratory chain. MPP+ iodide is also a high affinity substrate for the serotonin transporter (SERT) .

HY-121636S

Resolvin D2-d5
Resolvin D2-d₅ is the deuterium labeled Resolvin D2. Resolvin D2 is a metabolite of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), with anti-inflammatory, anti-infective activities. Resolvin D2 is a potent regulator of leukocytes and controls microbial sepsis. Resolvin D2 is a remarkably potent inhibitor of TRPV1 (IC₅₀ = 0.1 nM) and TRPA1 (IC₅₀ = 2 nM) in primary sensory neurons .

HY-B0002BS

Ondansetron-d5

Ondansetron-d₅ is the deuterium labeled Ondansetron (HY-B0002B). Ondansetron (GR 38032; SN 307) is a highly selective 5-HT₃ receptor antagonist with an IC₅₀ value of 103 pM. Ondansetron exerts its antiemetic effect by antagonizing 5-HT receptors located in localized neurons in the peripheral and central nervous systems. Ondansetron can inhibit nausea and vomiting induced by chemotherapy and radiotherapy .

HY-W751099

Corticosterone-13C3
Corticosterone- ¹³C₃ is a ¹³C-labeled corticosterone (HY-B1618). Corticosterone (17-Deoxycortisol) is an orally available glucocorticoid that can regulate limbic system neurons and has good immunosuppressive activity.

HY-10232S

THIP-d4

THIP-d4 (Gaboxadol-d4) is the deuterium labeled THIP (HY-10232). THIP (Gaboxadol) is a selective extrasynaptic GABAA receptors (eGABARs) agonist (with blood-brain barrier permeability), shows an EC₅₀ value of 13 μM for δ-GABAAR. THIP induces strong tense GABAA-mediated currents in layer 2/3 neurons, but shows on effect on miniature IPSCs. THIP can be used in studies of sleep disorders .

HY-B0822S1

Fipronil-13C6

Fipronil- ¹³C₆ is the ¹³C-labeled Fipronil. Fipronil is an insecticide that acts as a selective antagonist of insect GABA receptors (IC50s = 30 nM and 1,600 nM for cockroach and rat receptors, respectively). Fipronil also inhibits desensitizing and non-desensitizing glutamate-induced chloride currents in cockroach neurons (IC50s = 800 nM and 10 nM, respectively). Fipronil induces activity of the cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoforms CYP1A1/2, CYP2B1/2, and CYP3A1/2 in isolated rat liver microsomes.

HY-B0627S1

Metformin-13C2 hydrochloride

Metformin- ¹³C₂ (1,1-Dimethylbiguanide- ¹³C₂) hydrochloride is the ¹³C-labeled Metformin hydrochloride (HY-17471A). Metformin (1,1-Dimethylbiguanide) hydrochloride inhibits the mitochondrial respiratory chain in the liver, leading to AMPK activation and enhancing insulin sensitivity, and can be used in the study of type 2 diabetes. Metformin hydrochloride exerts central glucose-lowering effects by inhibiting Ras-related protein 1 (Rap1) in SF1 hypothalamic neurons. Metformin hydrochloride also inhibits liver oxidative stress, nitrosative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis caused by liver ischemia/reperfusion injury. In addition, Metformin hydrochloride regulates the expression of autophagy-related proteins by activating AMPK and inhibiting the mTOR signaling pathway, thereby inducing tumor cell autophagy and inhibiting the growth of renal cell carcinoma in vitro and in vivo .

HY-B0887S1

Permethrin-d9
Permethrin-d₉ is the deuterium labeled Permethrin. Permethrin (NRDC-143) is an insecticide, acaricide, and insect repellent; functions as a neurotoxin, affecting neuron membranes by prolonging sodium channel activation.

HY-109101AS2

Risdiplam-hydroxylate-d6
Risdiplam-hydroxylate-d₆ is a Risdiplam-hydroxylate tritium substitute. Risdiplam (RG7916) is an orally administered, centrally and peripherally distributed SMN2 pre-mRNA splicing modifier that increases survival motor neuron (SMN) protein levels .

HY-109101AS1

Risdiplam-hydroxylate-d3
Risdiplam-hydroxylate-d₃ is a Risdiplam-hydroxylate tritium substitute. Risdiplam (RG7916) is an orally administered, centrally and peripherally distributed SMN2 pre-mRNA splicing modifier that increases survival motor neuron (SMN) protein levels .

HY-139145S

Etbicyphat-13C3
Etbicyphat- ¹³C₃ is the ¹³C labeled Etbicyphat (HY-139145). Etbicyphat is a potent GABA(A) receptors competitive antagonist. Etbicyphat induces epileptiform activities in hippocampal CA1 neurons, and binds to the GABA(A)-benzodiazepine receptors .

HY-B1176S

Equilin-d4
Equilin-d₄ is the deuterium labeled Equilin. Equilin (7-Dehydroestrone) is an important member of the large group of oestrogenic substances and is chemically related to menformon (oestrone). Equilin increases the growth of cortical neurons via an NMDA receptor-dependent mechanism .

HY-B1176S1

Equilin-d2
Equilin-d₂ (7-Dehydroestrone-d₂) is deuterium labeled Equilin. Equilin (7-Dehydroestrone) is an important member of the large group of oestrogenic substances and is chemically related to menformon (oestrone). Equilin increases the growth of cortical neurons via an NMDA receptor-dependent mechanism .

HY-107116S

MAP4343-d4
MAP4343-d₄ is the deuterium labeled MAP4343. MAP4343 is the 3-methylether derivative of Pregnenolone. MAP4343 binds in vitro to microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2), stimulates the polymerization of tubulin, enhances the extension of neurites and protects neurons against neurotoxic agents .

HY-B1833S

Afloqualone-d7
Afloqualone-d₇ (HQ-495-d₇) is deuterium labeled Afloqualone. Afloqualone (HQ-495) is an orally active central muscle relaxant and antivertiginous agent that can increase the sensitivity of GABA receptors in neurons of the lateral vestibular nucleus. Afloqualone (HQ-495) can be used in the research of low back pain and neck-arm-shoulder syndrome .

HY-B1343AS

Pridinol-d5

Pridinol-d₅ is deuterium labeled Pridinol (HY-B1343A) . Pridinol is an orally active, blood-brain permeable, muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR)-directed muscle relaxant. Pridinol reduces the conduction of impulses to spinal motor neurons and exerts muscle relaxant activity. Pridinol inhibits skeletal muscle contractures in diseases of both central and peripheral origin and can be used in research in the field of musculoskeletal diseases .

HY-W774926

Permethrin-d6

Permethrin-d₆ (NRDC-143-d₆) is deuterium labeled Permethrin. Permethrin (NRDC-143) is an insecticide, acaricide and a high selectively inhibitor of the Mitochondrial complex I, found in sediment and water samples. Permethrin shows estrogenic in vivo and anti-estrogenic activity in vitro. Permethrin also acts as a neurotoxin affecting neuron membranes by prolonging Sodium channel activation. Permethrin decreases resistance to bacterial infections in medaka (Oryzias latipes) .

HY-B0002BS1

Ondansetron-d3

Ondansetron-d₃ is the deuterium labeled Ondansetron (HY-B0002B ). Ondansetron (GR 38032; SN 307) is a highly selective 5-HT₃ receptor antagonist with an IC₅₀ value of 103 pM. Ondansetron exerts its antiemetic effect by antagonizing 5-HT receptors located in localized neurons in the peripheral and central nervous systems. Ondansetron can inhibit nausea and vomiting induced by chemotherapy and radiotherapy .

HY-B0002BS2

Ondansetron-13C,d3

Ondansetron- ¹³C,d₃ is the ¹³C- and deuterium labeled Ondansetron (HY-B0002B). Ondansetron (GR 38032; SN 307) is a highly selective 5-HT₃ receptor antagonist with an IC₅₀ value of 103 pM. Ondansetron exerts its antiemetic effect by antagonizing 5-HT receptors located in localized neurons in the peripheral and central nervous systems. Ondansetron can inhibit nausea and vomiting induced by chemotherapy and radiotherapy .

HY-113468AS1

3-O-Methyldopa-d3 hydrate

3-O-Methyldopa-d₃ (hydrate) is the deuterium labeled 3-O-Methyldopa. 3-O-Methyldopa (3-Methoxy-L-tyrosine) hydrate is a metabolite of L-DOPA (HY-N0304) that can cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB). 3-O-Methyldopa hydrate inhibits the astrocyte-mediated protective effect of L-DOPA (HY-N0304) on dopaminergic neurons. In addition, 3-O-Methyldopa hydrate has certain antidepressant and neuroprotective activities. 3-O-Methyldopa hydrate can be used in the research of nervous system diseases such as depression and Parkinson's disease .

HY-103309S

ML218-d9

ML218-d₉ is the deuterium labeled ML218. ML218 is a potent, selective and orally active T-type Ca2+ channels (Cav3.1, Cav3.2, Cav3.3) inhibitor with IC₅₀s of 310 nM and 270 nM for Cav3.2 and Cav3.3, respectively. ML218 inhibits the burst activity in subthalamic nucleus (STN) neurons. ML218 has no significant inhibition of L- or N-type calcium channels, KATP or hERG potassium channels. ML218 can penetrate the blood-brain barrier .

HY-N6746S1

Citrinin-13C13

Citrinin- ¹³C₁₃ (NSC 186- ¹³C₁₃) is the ¹³C labeled Citrinin (HY-N6746). Citrinin (NSC 186) is a mycotoxin that causes food contamination and has different toxic effects. Citrinin is an effective oral anticancer agent. Citrinin has various regulatory effects on mouse immune system, including regulating the number of immune cells, inducing apoptosis and autophagy of immune cells, altering toll-like receptor expression and cytokine production. Citrinin can induce oxidative stress and lead to early apoptosis of oocytes. Low doses of Citrinin have neuroprotective effects against glutamate-induced excitotoxicity in rat cortical neurons. In addition, Citrinin also has antibacterial activity .

HY-B0696S

Tiagabine-d6

Tiagabine-d₆ (NO050328-d₆) is deuterium labeled Tiagabine. Tiagabine (NO050328; NO328; TGB) is an orally active, highly selective, and reversible GAT-1 inhibitor and anticonvulsant that crosses the blood-brain barrier. By blocking the reuptake of GABA in neurons and glial cells, tiagabine increases extracellular GABA levels to enhance inhibitory signal transduction, thereby exerting multiple activities such as anticonvulsant, neuroprotective, and antioxidant effects. Tiagabine exhibits linear pharmacokinetic properties. Although it is metabolized by CYP3A and has a high protein binding rate, it carries a low risk of cognitive impairment. Tiagabine is widely used in research on related diseases including epilepsy (including refractory partial seizures), alcohol withdrawal symptoms, and Huntington's disease .

HY-B0696AS

Tiagabine-d4 hydrochloride

Tiagabine-d₄ hydrochloride is deuterated labeled Tiagabine hydrochloride (HY-B0696A). Tiagabine hydrochloride (NO050328; NO328; TGB) is an orally active, highly selective, and reversible GAT-1 inhibitor and anticonvulsant that crosses the blood-brain barrier. By blocking the reuptake of GABA in neurons and glial cells, tiagabine increases extracellular GABA levels to enhance inhibitory signal transduction, thereby exerting multiple activities such as anticonvulsant, neuroprotective, and antioxidant effects. Tiagabine hydrochloride exhibits linear pharmacokinetic properties. Although it is metabolized by CYP3A and has a high protein binding rate, it carries a low risk of cognitive impairment. Tiagabine hydrochloride is widely used in research on related diseases including epilepsy (including refractory partial seizures), alcohol withdrawal symptoms, and Huntington's disease .

HY-W765177

Acetyl-L-carnitine hydrochloride-13C3

Acetyl-L-carnitine hydrochloride- ¹³C₃ (O-Acetyl-L-carnitine hydrochloride- ¹³C₃) is the ¹³C-labeled Acetyl-L-carnitine hydrochloride (HY-B0762). Acetyl-L-carnitine (O-Acetyl-L-carnitine; ALCAR) hydrochloride is an orally active mitochondrial energy metabolism regulator and neuroprotectant that can penetrate the blood-brain barrier. Acetyl-L-carnitine hydrochloride selectively enters cells and the brain through the organic cation transporter OCTN2. Acetyl-L-carnitine hydrochloride can participate in fatty acid β-oxidation, promote acetylcholine synthesis, regulate mitochondrial function and inhibit oxidative stress as an acetyl donor. Acetyl-L-carnitine hydrochloride exerts its activity by enhancing energy metabolism, protecting neurons and improving synaptic plasticity. Acetyl-L-carnitine hydrochloride is mainly used in the study of neurodegenerative diseases and metabolic disorder-related diseases such as neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain damage, Alzheimer's disease, and depression .

HY-100658S

Didesmethyl cariprazine-d8

Didesmethyl cariprazine-d₈ is the deuterium labeled Didesmethyl cariprazine (HY-100658). Didesmethyl cariprazine is an orally active, BBB-permeable metabolite of Cariprazine (HY-14763). Didesmethyl cariprazine is a partial agonist at the D2 and D3 receptors, full agonist at the 5-HT1A receptor, and antagonist at the human 5-HT2B receptor (K_i: 1.41 nM (human D2L), 0.056 nM (human D3), 1.7 nM (human 5-HT1A), 0.52 nM (human 5-HT2B)). Didesmethyl cariprazine dose-dependently inhibits the spontaneous activity of rat midbrain dopaminergic neurons.

HY-158252S

Tiagabine-d5 hydrochloride

Tiagabine-d₅ (hydrochloride) is deuterium labeled Tiagabine (hydrochloride). Tiagabine hydrochloride (NO050328; NO328; TGB) is an orally active, highly selective, and reversible GAT-1 inhibitor and anticonvulsant that crosses the blood-brain barrier. By blocking the reuptake of GABA in neurons and glial cells, tiagabine increases extracellular GABA levels to enhance inhibitory signal transduction, thereby exerting multiple activities such as anticonvulsant, neuroprotective, and antioxidant effects. Tiagabine hydrochloride exhibits linear pharmacokinetic properties. Although it is metabolized by CYP3A and has a high protein binding rate, it carries a low risk of cognitive impairment. Tiagabine hydrochloride is widely used in research on related diseases including epilepsy (including refractory partial seizures), alcohol withdrawal symptoms, and Huntington's disease .

HY-B0696S1

Tiagabine-d4

Tiagabine-d₄ (NO050328-d₄) is deuterium labeled Tiagabine. Tiagabine (NO050328; NO328; TGB) is an orally active, highly selective, and reversible GAT-1 inhibitor and anticonvulsant that crosses the blood-brain barrier. By blocking the reuptake of GABA in neurons and glial cells, tiagabine increases extracellular GABA levels to enhance inhibitory signal transduction, thereby exerting multiple activities such as anticonvulsant, neuroprotective, and antioxidant effects. Tiagabine exhibits linear pharmacokinetic properties. Although it is metabolized by CYP3A and has a high protein binding rate, it carries a low risk of cognitive impairment. Tiagabine is widely used in research on related diseases including epilepsy (including refractory partial seizures), alcohol withdrawal symptoms, and Huntington's disease .

HY-W709349S

Flupirtine-d6 hydrochloride

Flupirtine-d₆ (D 9998-d₆) hydrochloride is the deuterium labeled Flupirtine hydrochloride (HY-W709349). Flupirtine hydrochloride is an orally active, blood-brain barrier-crossing non-opioid analgesic and neuroprotective agent. Flupirtine hydrochloride is a neuronal potassium channel opener (Kv7 activator), a NMDA receptor antagonist and a GABA receptor activator. Flupirtine hydrochloride stabilizes blood-brain-barrier integrity, reduces oxidative stress and brain leukocyte infiltration, enhances angioneurogenesis, suppresses calcium influx, stabilizes neuronal resting membrane potential, and counteracts focal cerebral ischemia. Flupirtine hydrochloride exhibits analgesic, muscle relaxant properties, protects neurons from excitotoxic, ischemic, or cytokine-mediated death. Flupirtine hydrochloride functions as a non-opioid analgesic without antipyretic or antiphlogistic properties, shows no relevant affinity to opiate receptor. Flupirtine hydrochloride can be used for the research of focal cerebral ischemia, pain, Alzheimer’s disease, or multiple sclerosis .

Cat. No.	Product Name	Target	Research Areas	Chemical Structure

HY-12273G

DMH-1	Organoid TGF-β Receptor Microtubule/Tubulin	Cardiovascular Disease Neurological Disease
DMH-1 (GMP) is GMP grade DMH-1 (HY-12273). DMH-1 (GMP) is a selective BMP inhibitor. DMH-1 (GMP) upregulates the expression of SOX1. DMH-1 (GMP) increases cardiomyocyte progenitor cells and promotes the differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells into cardiomyocytes. DMH-1 (GMP) induces the differentiation of hiPSC-derived neural progenitor cells into β3-tubulin-positive neurons .

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