nucleic acids

Exosomes are small membrane vesicles of endocytic origin that are secreted by most cells in culture. Exosomes contain nucleic acids, proteins, lipids, amino acids, and metabolites, etc. Their diverse constituents can reflect their cell of origin. Exosomes are associated with immune responses, viral pathogenicity, pregnancy, cardiovascular diseases, central nervous system-related diseases, and cancer progression. Proteins, metabolites, and nucleic acids delivered by exosomes into recipient cells effectively alter their biological response. Such exosome-mediated responses can be disease promoting or restraining.

The biology of exosomes in disease is still emerging, and the number of studies addressing their utility in the diagnosis and treatment of various pathologies has increased substantially. MCE supplies a unique collection of 53 compounds with the activity of inhibiting or stimulating exsomes secretion/biosynthesis. MCE Exosomes Compound Library is a useful tool for exsomes research.

Human metabolism is an integral part of cellular function that reflects individual differences in health, disease, diet, and lifestyle. Many health conditions such as obesity, diabetes, hypertension, heart disease, and cancer are associated with abnormal metabolic states. In the pathological state of the human body, metabolic pathways are significantly altered, resulting in aberrant levels of intermediates or end-products that can be viewed as potential diagnostic biomarkers or even therapeutic targets. Therefore, detection, identification and quantification of human metabolites are very important for drug metabolism research in drug development.

MCE offers a unique collection of 6,717 human metabolites, including endogenous metabolites and exogenous metabolites, covering multiple structure types, such as lipids, amino acids, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, organic acids, biogenic amines, vitamins,. MCE Human Metabolites Library is a helpful tool for studying the relationship between diseases and metabolism.

Ionizable lipids are a class of specialized, functional lipid molecules with pH-sensitive charge characteristics. They are primarily divided into two major categories: ionizable cationic lipids and ionizable anionic lipids, though the term typically specifies ionizable cationic lipids within the biomedical field. Structurally, these lipids consist of an ionizable hydrophilic headgroup, a biodegradable linker, and hydrophobic tails. Their primary application is serving as the key delivery vehicle in lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) to encapsulate negatively charged nucleic acid macromolecules, such as mRNA vaccines, siRNA therapeutics, and CRISPR gene-editing components. In a physiological, neutral environment, they remain electrically neutral to minimize systemic toxicity and prolong circulation time. Upon entering the acidic microenvironment of cellular endosomes, however, they undergo protonation to become positively charged, thereby inducing membrane fusion and enabling the highly efficient intracellular release of the nucleic acid cargo. Consequently, they serve as the technological cornerstone for bringing nucleic acid therapies into clinical application.

To accelerate the translational process of cutting-edge nucleic acid drugs, MCE has meticulously constructed an ionizable lipid compound library containing 95 high-performance molecules, aiming to provide researchers and pharmaceutical professionals with a high-throughput, multi-dimensional lipid screening platform.

Liposomes are spherical or multilayered spherical vesicles formed by the self-assembly of diacyl chain phospholipids (lipid bilayers) in aqueous solutions, which can be made from natural or synthetic phospholipids and exhibit good biocompatibility and low toxicity. They can serve as delivery carriers for various bioactive substances (such as drugs, proteins, nucleic acids, etc.) and are widely used in biomedical and chemical research. The main advantages of liposomes include 1) Protective effect: Their bilayer structure can protect encapsulated molecules from enzymatic degradation, oxidation, and other influences, extending stability and activity; 2) Active targeting: Surface modifications enable active targeting, enhancing the concentration of drugs or molecules in specific tissues or cells; 3) Customizability: The composition and structure of liposomes can be adjusted according to needs, such as altering phospholipid types or adding targeting ligands. These properties make liposomes highly valuable in developing novel drug delivery systems, serving as nucleic acid carriers for gene transfection, studying cellular uptake mechanisms and drug release kinetics, as well as developing functional food additives to improve the bioavailability of nutritional components.

MCE contains 191 liposome compounds, which is a good tool for lipidomic-related studies.

Nucleoside and nucleotide analogues are synthetic, chemically modified compounds that have been developed to mimic their physiological counterparts in order to exploit cellular metabolism and subsequently be incorporated into DNA and RNA to inhibit cellular division and viral replication. In addition to their incorporation into nucleic acids, nucleoside and nucleotide analogues can interact with and inhibit essential enzymes such as human and viral polymerases (that is, DNA-dependent DNA polymerases, RNA-dependent DNA polymerases or RNA-dependent RNA polymerases), kinases, ribonucleotide reductase, DNA methyltransferases, purine and pyrimidine nucleoside phosphorylase and thymidylate synthase. These actions of nucleoside and nucleotide analogues have potential therapeutic benefits — for example, in the inhibition of cancer cell growth, the inhibition of viral replication as well as other indications.

MCE offers a unique collection of 572 nucleotide compounds including nucleotide, nucleoside and their structural analogues. MCE Nucleotide Compound Library is a useful tool to discover anti-cancer and antiviral drugs for high throughput screening (HTS) and high content screening (HCS).

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small membrane binding structures that are released from cells into the surrounding environment and play a crucial role in mediating and regulating intercellular communication related to physiological and pathological processes. EVs are lipid membrane vesicles composed of proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. EVs can be divided into several types based on their source, such as extracellular vesicles, microcapsules, and apoptotic vesicles. The size range of exosomes is 30-150nm, which are endocrine in multi vesicular endosomes (MVEs); microvesicles (50-1000nm) are secreted directly through extracellular interactions, thereby releasing plasma membrane vesicles. In contrast, apoptotic bodies are usually larger, ranging in size from 1 to 5 μ m. This is generated during programmed cell death. EV plays a crucial role in transmitting information between cells and influencing the behavior and function of receptor cells.

MCE designs a unique collection of 643 small molecules related to extracellular vesicles (EVs). It is a good tool to be used for research on metabolize, cancer and other diseases.

MCE Hydroxyl Magnetic beads (200 nm, 10 mg/mL) can rapidly isolate nucleic acids from biological samples, which is conducive to the automation and high throughput extraction of nucleic acids.

MCE Red Nucleic Acid Gel Stain (10,000×) is a nucleic acid stain that can be used as a safer alternative to the traditional ethidium bromide (EB) stain for detecting nucleic acids in agarose gels or polyacrylamide gels.

MCE Affinity Chromatography (AC) Columns are designed for purification of recombinant proteins with different tags, enzymes, antibodies, antigens and nucleic acids.

MCE PolyFast Transfection Reagent consists of cationic polymers and can introduce nucleic acids (DNA or RNA) into eukaryotic cells efficiently, including some hard-to-transfect cells.

MCE Streptavidin Magnetic Beads provide a fast and convenient method for numerous applications, including purification of proteins and nucleic acids, protein interaction studies, immunoprecipitation, immunoassays, pull-down and cell isolation. The 1 mL is defined as the base specification. All larger sizes correspond to incremental volumes of this base.