Eyes absent homolog 2

Definition:

Functions both as protein phosphatase and as transcriptional coactivator for SIX1, and probably also for SIX2, SIX4 and SIX5. Tyrosine phosphatase that dephosphorylates 'Tyr-142' of histone H2AX (H2AXY142ph) and promotes efficient DNA repair via the recruitment of DNA repair complexes containing MDC1. 'Tyr-142' phosphorylation of histone H2AX plays a central role in DNA repair and acts as a mark that distinguishes between apoptotic and repair responses to genotoxic stress. Its function as histone phosphatase may contribute to its function in transcription regulation during organogenesis. Plays an important role in hypaxial muscle development together with SIX1 and DACH2; in this it is functionally redundant with EYA1.

References:

[1]. Françoise Fougerousse, et al. Six and Eya expression during human somitogenesis and MyoD gene family activation. J Muscle Res Cell Motil. 2002;23(3):255-64. [Content Brief]

[2]. Aaron N Patrick, et al. Structure-function analyses of the human SIX1-EYA2 complex reveal insights into metastasis and BOR syndrome. Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2013 Apr;20(4):447-53. [Content Brief]

[3]. Navasona Krishnan, et al. Dephosphorylation of the C-terminal tyrosyl residue of the DNA damage-related histone H2A.X is mediated by the protein phosphatase eyes absent. J Biol Chem. 2009 Jun 12;284(24):16066-16070. [Content Brief]

[4]. S M Farabaugh, et al. Eya2 is required to mediate the pro-metastatic functions of Six1 via the induction of TGF-β signaling, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and cancer stem cell properties. Oncogene. 2012 Feb 2;31(5):552-62. [Content Brief]

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