Homeobox protein NANOG

Definition:

Transcription regulator involved in inner cell mass and embryonic stem (ES) cells proliferation and self-renewal. Imposes pluripotency on ES cells and prevents their differentiation towards extraembryonic endoderm and trophectoderm lineages. Blocks bone morphogenetic protein-induced mesoderm differentiation of ES cells by physically interacting with SMAD1 and interfering with the recruitment of coactivators to the active SMAD transcriptional complexes. Acts as a transcriptional activator or repressor. Binds optimally to the DNA consensus sequence 5'-TAAT[GT][GT]-3' or 5'-[CG][GA][CG]C[GC]ATTAN[GC]-3'. Binds to the POU5F1/OCT4 promoter. Able to autorepress its expression in differentiating (ES) cells: binds to its own promoter following interaction with ZNF281/ZFP281, leading to recruitment of the NuRD complex and subsequent repression of expression. When overexpressed, promotes cells to enter into S phase and proliferation.

References:

[1]. Jong-Hyun Oh, et al. Identification of a putative transactivation domain in human Nanog. Exp Mol Med. 2005 Jun 30;37(3):250-4. [Content Brief]

[2]. Louise Hyslop, et al. Downregulation of NANOG induces differentiation of human embryonic stem cells to extraembryonic lineages. Stem Cells. 2005 Sep;23(8):1035-43. [Content Brief]

[3]. Jung Sun Kim, et al. Identification and functional characterization of an alternative splice variant within the fourth exon of human nanog. Exp Mol Med. 2005 Dec 31;37(6):601-7. [Content Brief]

[4]. Yohei Hayashi, et al. Structure-based discovery of NANOG variant with enhanced properties to promote self-renewal and reprogramming of pluripotent stem cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2015 Apr 14;112(15):4666-71. [Content Brief]

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