Pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum

Pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum (PAIVS) is a severe cardiac malformation characterized by variable right ventricular development and imperforate pulmonary valve. PAIVS has a wide spectrum of clinical presentation ranging from cyanosis to shock due to closure of ductus arteriosus. The treatment follows initial stabilization with prostaglandin and establishment of antegrade flow. Because of the morphologic heterogeneity, repair or palliation strategies vary widely, ranging from single ventricle palliation to complete biventricular repair. Overall, regardless of anatomical subtype, survival is poor, reported to be as low as 50% at 5 years.