Ras-related protein Ral-B

Definition

Multifunctional GTPase involved in a variety of cellular processes including gene expression, cell migration, cell proliferation, oncogenic transformation and membrane trafficking. Accomplishes its multiple functions by interacting with distinct downstream effectors. Acts as a GTP sensor for GTP-dependent exocytosis of dense core vesicles (By similarity). Required both to stabilize the assembly of the exocyst complex and to localize functional exocyst complexes to the leading edge of migrating cells (By similarity). Required for suppression of apoptosis. In late stages of cytokinesis, upon completion of the bridge formation between dividing cells, mediates exocyst recruitment to the midbody to drive abscission. Involved in ligand-dependent receptor mediated endocytosis of the EGF and insulin receptors.

References:

[1]. S Nakashima, et al. Small G protein Ral and its downstream molecules regulate endocytosis of EGF and insulin receptors. EMBO J. 1999 Jul 1;18(13):3629-42. [Content Brief]

[2]. Ilaria Cascone, et al. Distinct roles of RalA and RalB in the progression of cytokinesis are supported by distinct RalGEFs. EMBO J. 2008 Sep 17;27(18):2375-87. [Content Brief]

[3]. Samuel C Falsetti, et al. Geranylgeranyltransferase I inhibitors target RalB to inhibit anchorage-dependent growth and induce apoptosis and RalA to inhibit anchorage-independent growth. Mol Cell Biol. 2007 Nov;27(22):8003-14. [Content Brief]

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