Guanosine 5'-O-2-thiodiphosphate trisodium  (Synonyms: GDPβS trisodium)

Guanosine 5'-O-(2-thiodiphosphate) trisodium (GDPβS trisodium) is a non-hydrolyzable derivative of GDP. Guanosine 5'-O-(2-thiodiphosphate) trisodium acts as an inhibitor of adenylyl cyclase (AC) with a K_i value of 600 nM. In the absence of glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (GPT) in cerebral cortex membranes of rodent models, Guanosine 5'-O-(2-thiodiphosphate) trisodium partially activates AC with an EC₅₀ of 400 nM. Guanosine 5'-O-(2-thiodiphosphate) trisodium prevents norepinephrine-induced nitric oxide release in ventricular myocytes^[1][2][3].

Guanosine 5'-O-(2-thiodiphosphate) (1 µM) blocks norepinephrine-induced nitric oxide release in adult rat ventricular myocytes^[1].
Guanosine 5'-O-(2-thiodiphosphate) acts as a partial agonist for adenylate cyclase activation in synaptic membranes of the rat cerebral cortex, with an EC₅₀ of 4×10^-7 M and a maximum activation level equivalent to 60% of that of the GTP triphosphate analog^[2].
Guanosine 5'-O-(2-thiodiphosphate) (1 μM) enhances adenylate cyclase activation mediated by low-dose GTPγS (HY-137677), while inhibiting activation induced by high-dose GTPγS in synaptic membranes from rat cerebral cortex^[2].
Guanosine 5'-O-(2-thiodiphosphate) promotes partial nucleotide exchange from G_i/o to G_s (EC₅₀ = 2×10^-5 M) and partially reverses the inhibitory effect of adenylate cyclase (EC₅₀ = 5×10^-6 M). Its potency and efficacy in rat cerebral cortical synaptic membranes are both lower than those of GppNHp^[2].
Guanosine 5'-O-(2-thiodiphosphate) competitively inhibits GTP-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity in cholera toxin-pretreated rat pancreatic plasma membranes, with a K_i range of 0.3-0.6 μM^[3].
Guanosine 5'-O-(2-thiodiphosphate) inhibits cholecystokinin-8 (CCK-8)-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity in native rat pancreatic plasma membranes; in the presence of 0.3 μM GTP, its I₅₀ is 2.2 μM and K_i is 0.5 μM^[3].
Guanosine 5'-O-(2-thiodiphosphate) inhibits secretin+GTP-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity in native rat pancreatic plasma membranes, with an IC₅₀ of 8 μM and a K_i of 3.2 μM^[3].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

525.21

C₁₀H₁₂N₅Na₃O₁₀P₂S

Liquid

Colorless to light yellow

NC1=NC(C2=C(N1)N(C=N2)[C@@H]3O[C@H](COP(OP(O[Na])(S[Na])=O)(O[Na])=O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]3O)=O

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Solution, -20°C, 2 years

• [1]. Kanai AJ, et al. Beta-adrenergic regulation of constitutive nitric oxide synthase in cardiac myocytes. Am J Physiol. 1997;273(4):C1371-C1377.  [Content Brief]

  [2]. Rasenick MM, et al. Guanosine-5'-O-thiodiphosphate functions as a partial agonist for the receptor-independent stimulation of neural adenylate cyclase. Brain Res. 1989;488(1-2):105-113.  [Content Brief]

  [3]. Svoboda M, et al. Guanosine 5'-O-(2-thiodiphosphate) as a competitive inhibitor of GTP in hormone or cholera toxin-stimulated pancreatic adenylate cyclase. FEBS Lett. 1980 Jan 14;109(2):275-9.  [Content Brief]