PVR/CD155 Protein, Human (HEK293)

PVR/CD155 Protein assumes a pivotal role in orchestrating natural killer (NK) cell adhesion and initiating NK cell effector functions by binding to two distinct NK cell receptors, CD96 and CD226. These receptor interactions converge at the cell-cell contact site, culminating in the formation of a mature immunological synapse between the NK cell and the target cell. This event triggers adhesion, secretion of lytic granules, interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), and activation of cytotoxicity in activated NK cells. PVR/CD155 may additionally facilitate NK cell-target cell modular exchange and PVR transfer to the NK cell, particularly crucial in tumor cells expressing high levels of PVR. In such instances, the transfer mechanism may induce fratricide NK cell activation, providing a mechanism for tumors to evade the immune response. Furthermore, PVR/CD155 is implicated in mediating tumor cell invasion and migration. In the context of microbial infection, the protein acts as a receptor for poliovirus and potentially plays a role in the axonal transport of the virus. This function involves targeting virion-PVR-containing endocytic vesicles to the microtubular network through interaction with DYNLT1, thereby facilitating axonal retrograde transport of the virus.