TRGC1 Protein, Human (HEK293, His)

TRGC1 is a constant region of the γ-chain of the T-cell receptor (TCR) and is involved in antigen recognition. The γδ TCR recognizes a variety of endogenous and exogenous non-peptide antigens, which are typically expressed at the epithelial boundary between the host and the external environment, including endogenous lipids presented by the MH-like protein CD1D and phosphate antigens presented by the butyryl lactone-like molecule BTN3A1. Following antigen recognition, the TCR induces a rapid, innate-like immune response involved in pathogen clearance and tissue repair. After the γδ TCR complex binds to the antigen, LCK and FYN kinases phosphorylate the immunoreceptor tyrosine activation motif (ITAM) on the CD3 chain, thereby recruiting, phosphorylating, and activating ZAP70, which in turn promotes the phosphorylation of the scaffold proteins LCP2 and LAT. This leads to the formation of a supramolecular signaling complex that recruits the phospholipase PLCG1, which in turn mobilizes calcium ions and activates ERK, ultimately resulting in T-cell proliferation and differentiation into effector cells.