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Pathways Recommended: Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
Results for "

mitochondrial enzyme

" in MedChemExpress (MCE) Product Catalog:

72

Inhibitors & Agonists

2

Screening Libraries

3

Fluorescent Dyes

3

Biochemical Assay Reagents

1

Peptides

22

Natural
Products

4

Recombinant Proteins

7

Isotope-Labeled Compounds

1

Antibodies

1

Click Chemistry

3

Oligonucleotides

1

GMP Molecules

Targets Recommended:
Cat. No. Product Name Target Research Areas Chemical Structure
  • HY-N0171A
    Beta-Sitosterol (purity>98%)
    15+ Cited Publications

    β-Sitosterol (purity>98%); 22,23-Dihydrostigmasterol (purity>98%)

    		 Bacterial Apoptosis Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) MDM-2/p53 Caspase PARP MMP Bcl-2 Family HIF/HIF Prolyl-Hydroxylase TNF Receptor Interleukin Related NF-κB mTOR Lactate Dehydrogenase CDK Glutathione Peroxidase SOD Infection Cardiovascular Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
    Beta-Sitosterol (purity>98%) is orally active. Beta-Sitosterol exhibits multiple activities, including anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antioxidant, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, antioxidant enzyme, and analgesic. Beta-Sitosterol inhibits inflammation and impaired adipogenesis in bovine mammary epithelial cells by reducing levels of ROS, TNF-α, IL-1β, and NF-κB p65 and restoring the activity of the HIF-1α/mTOR signaling pathway. Beta-Sitosterol induces apoptosis in cancer cells through ROS-mediated mitochondrial dysregulation and p53 activation. Beta-Sitosterol exerts its anticancer effects in cancer cells by activating caspase-3, caspase-8, and caspase-9, mediating PARP inactivation, MMP loss, altered Bcl-2-Bax ratio, and cytochrome c release. Beta-Sitosterol modulates macrophage polarization and reduces rheumatoid inflammation in mice. Beta-Sitosterol inhibits tumor growth in multiple mouse cancer models. Beta-Sitosterol can be used in the research of arthritis, lung cancer, breast cancer and other cancers, diabetes, etc .
    Beta-Sitosterol (purity>98%)
  • HY-125857
    Cytochrome C
    1 Publications Verification

    		 Biochemical Assay Reagents Apoptosis Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Metabolic Disease
    Cytochrome C is a multi-functional enzyme involving in life and death decisions of the cell. Cytochrome C is essential in mitochondrial electron transport and intrinsic type II apoptosis .
    Cytochrome C
  • HY-18733
    Lipoic acid
    5+ Cited Publications

    (R)-(+)-α-Lipoic acid; R-(+)-Thioctic acid

    		 Endogenous Metabolite Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Mitochondrial Metabolism Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
    Lipoic acid ((R)-(+)-α-Lipoic acid) is an antioxidant, which is an essential cofactor of mitochondrial enzyme complexes. (R)-(+)-α-Lipoic acid is more effective than racemic Lipoic acid.
    Lipoic acid
  • HY-N0492
    α-Lipoic Acid
    10+ Cited Publications

    Thioctic acid; (±)-α-Lipoic acid; DL-α-Lipoic acid

    		 NF-κB HIV Mitochondrial Metabolism Endogenous Metabolite Apoptosis Infection Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
    α-Lipoic Acid (Thioctic acid) is an antioxidant, which is an essential cofactor of mitochondrial enzyme complexes. α-Lipoic Acid inhibits NF-κB-dependent HIV-1 LTR activation . α-Lipoic Acid induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated apoptosis in hepatoma cells . α-Lipoic Acid can be used with CPUL1 (HY-151802) to construct the self-assembled nanoaggregate CPUL1-LA NA, which has improved antitumor efficacy than CPUL1 .
    α-Lipoic Acid
  • HY-D0714
    Tetrazolium Red
    5+ Cited Publications

    2,3,5-Triphenyltetrazolium chloride; TPTZ; TTC

    		 Biochemical Assay Reagents Cardiovascular Disease
    Tetrazolium Red (2,3,5-Triphenyltetrazolium chloride; TTC) is a not brain-penetrant, colorless, water-soluble dye that is reduced by mitochondrial enzymes to a deep red, water-insoluble compound (formazan) mainly in the mitochondria of living cells. Tetrazolium Red is used to observe the activity of dehydrogenase, and it turns colorless to red when exposed to hydrogen. Tetrazolium Red distinguishes between surviving and infarcted brain tissue after stroke. Tetrazolium Red has been used to stain heart tissue to measure the extent of acute lesions and also used to stain brain tissue to detect the size of the infarcted area. The absorption wavelength of Tetrazolium Red is 570 nm .
    Tetrazolium Red
  • HY-N0171
    Beta-Sitosterol (purity>80%)
    20+ Cited Publications

    		 Apoptosis Endogenous Metabolite Cardiovascular Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
    Beta-Sitosterol (purity≥80%) is orally active. Beta-Sitosterol exhibits multiple activities, including anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antioxidant, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, antioxidant enzyme, and analgesic. Beta-Sitosterol inhibits inflammation and impaired adipogenesis in bovine mammary epithelial cells by reducing levels of ROS, TNF-α, IL-1β, and NF-κB p65 and restoring the activity of the HIF-1α/mTOR signaling pathway. Beta-Sitosterol induces apoptosis in cancer cells through ROS-mediated mitochondrial dysregulation and p53 activation. Beta-Sitosterol exerts its anticancer effects in cancer cells by activating caspase-3, caspase-8, and caspase-9, mediating PARP inactivation, MMP loss, altered Bcl-2-Bax ratio, and cytochrome c release. Beta-Sitosterol modulates macrophage polarization and reduces rheumatoid inflammation in mice. Beta-Sitosterol inhibits tumor growth in multiple mouse cancer models. Beta-Sitosterol can be used in the research of arthritis, lung cancer, breast cancer and other cancers, diabetes, etc .
    Beta-Sitosterol (purity>80%)
  • HY-N0157
    Orotic acid
    3 Publications Verification

    6-Carboxyuracil; Vitamin B13

    		 Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog Endogenous Metabolite Metabolic Disease
    Orotic acid (6-Carboxyuracil), a precursor in biosynthesis of pyrimidine nucleotides and RNA, is released from the mitochondrial dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) for conversion to UMP by the cytoplasmic UMP synthase enzyme. Orotic acid is a marker for measurement in routine newborn screening for urea cycle disorders. Orotic acid can induce hepatic steatosis and hepatomegaly in rats .
    Orotic acid
  • HY-136976
    WST-1
    3 Publications Verification

    		 Fluorescent Dye Cancer
    WST-1 is a kind of water-soluble tetrazolium salt. WST induces the intracellular mitochondrial dehydrogenase to conduct NADH-dependent enzyme digestion reaction, releasing the water-soluble methyl benzene product. WST-1 can be used for the detection of cell proliferation and cytotoxicity, via the determination of the light absorption value at 450 nm .
    WST-1
  • HY-B1218
    Sulfaphenazole
    10+ Cited Publications

    		 Cytochrome P450 Antibiotic Bacterial Necroptosis Apoptosis Infection Cardiovascular Disease
    Sulfaphenazole is a selective inhibitor of human cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2C9 enzyme. Sulfaphenazole is a cytoprotective agent against light-induced death of photoreceptors. Sulfaphenazole inhibits light-induced necrosis and mitochondrial stress-initiated apoptosis. Sulfaphenazole is an off patent sulfonamide antibiotic and demonstrates bactericidal activity through enhanced M1 macrophage activity. Sulfaphenazole can significantly reduce infarct size and restore post-ischemic coronary flow following ischemia and reperfusion .
    Sulfaphenazole
  • HY-N0492A
    α-Lipoic Acid sodium
    10+ Cited Publications

    Thioctic acid sodium; (±)-α-Lipoic acid sodium; DL-α-Lipoic acid sodium

    		 NF-κB HIV Mitochondrial Metabolism Endogenous Metabolite Apoptosis Infection Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
    α-Lipoic Acid (Thioctic acid) sodium is an antioxidant, which is an essential cofactor of mitochondrial enzyme complexes. α-Lipoic Acid sodium inhibits NF-κB-dependent HIV-1 LTR activation . α-Lipoic Acid sodium induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated apoptosis in hepatoma cells . α-Lipoic Acid sodium can be used with CPUL1 (HY-151802) to construct the self-assembled nanoaggregate CPUL1-LA NA, which has improved antitumor efficacy than CPUL1 .
    α-Lipoic Acid sodium
  • HY-W012382
    N-Acetyl-L-tyrosine

    		Endogenous Metabolite Metabolic Disease Cancer
    N-Acetyl-L-tyrosine is an orally active endogenous mitochondrial stress response regulator that can permeate the cell membrane by passive diffusion. N-Acetyl-L-tyrosine induces low-level reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation by transiently perturbing mitochondrial membrane potential, triggering reverse signaling to activate FoxO and Keap1 pathways. As a result, N-Acetyl-L-tyrosine enhances the expression of antioxidant enzyme genes, exerting anti-stress and cytoprotective effects. N-Acetyl-L-tyrosine can improve heat stress tolerance, inhibit tumor growth, and regulate energy metabolism. N-Acetyl-L-tyrosine can be used in the research of aging, metabolic diseases (such as diabetes), and cancer .
    N-Acetyl-L-tyrosine
  • HY-B0481
    Miglitol
    2 Publications Verification

    BAY1099; BAY-m1099

    		 Glycosidase AMPK Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Metabolic Disease
    Miglitol (BAY-m1099) is an orally active antidiabetic compound that inhibits the breakdown of glycoconjugates into glucose. Miglitol inhibits glycoside hydrolase enzymes called α-glucosidases. Miglitol inhibits oxidative stress-induced apoptosis and mitochondrial ROS over-production in endothelial cells by enhancement of AMP-activated protein kinase. Dietary supplementation with Miglitol from pre-onset stage in OLETF rats delays the onset and development of diabetes and preserves the insulin secretory function of pancreatic islets .
    Miglitol
  • HY-P2994
    3-Hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase

    3-HBDH

    		 Endogenous Metabolite Metabolic Disease
    3-Hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (3-HBDH), a mitochondrial enzyme, is a key enzyme in the ketone body metabolism pathway. 3-Hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase is the last enzyme for ketone synthesis in the liver and the first enzyme for ketone breakdown in extracellular tissues. The absence of 3-Hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase leads to the inhibition of fatty acid oxidation in the liver during fasting in mice, resulting in lipid accumulation and the development of fatty liver .
    3-Hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase
  • HY-163771
    Pyruvate Carboxylase-IN-5

    		Pyruvate Carboxylase (PC) Metabolic Disease
    Pyruvate Carboxylase-IN-5 (compound 6m) is a pyruvate carboxylase inhibitor with high selectivity and permeability. Pyruvate carboxylase is a mitochondrial enzyme that catalyzes the carboxylation of pyruvate to oxaloacetate, a process that plays an important role in maintaining steady-state levels of Krebs cycle intermediates, which are precursors for the synthesis of biomacromolecules such as amino acids, fatty acids, and glucose .
    Pyruvate Carboxylase-IN-5
  • HY-N0171R
    Beta-Sitosterol (Standard)
    5+ Cited Publications

    β-Sitosterol (Standard); 22,23-Dihydrostigmasterol (Standard))

    		 Reference Standards Apoptosis Endogenous Metabolite Cardiovascular Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
    Beta-Sitosterol (Standard) is the analytical standard of Beta-Sitosterol. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Beta-Sitosterol (purity≥80%) is orally active. Beta-Sitosterol exhibits multiple activities, including anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antioxidant, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, antioxidant enzyme, and analgesic. Beta-Sitosterol inhibits inflammation and impaired adipogenesis in bovine mammary epithelial cells by reducing levels of ROS, TNF-α, IL-1β, and NF-κB p65 and restoring the activity of the HIF-1α/mTOR signaling pathway. Beta-Sitosterol induces apoptosis in cancer cells through ROS-mediated mitochondrial dysregulation and p53 activation. Beta-Sitosterol exerts its anticancer effects in cancer cells by activating caspase-3, caspase-8, and caspase-9, mediating PARP inactivation, MMP loss, altered Bcl-2-Bax ratio, and cytochrome c release. Beta-Sitosterol modulates macrophage polarization and reduces rheumatoid inflammation in mice. Beta-Sitosterol inhibits tumor growth in multiple mouse cancer models. Beta-Sitosterol can be used in the research of arthritis, lung cancer, breast cancer and other cancers, diabetes, etc.
    Beta-Sitosterol (Standard)
  • HY-112860
    Asp-AMS

    		Aminoacyl-tRNA Synthetase Mitochondrial Metabolism Metabolic Disease
    Asp-AMS, an analogue of aspartyl-adenylate, is an aspartyl-tRNA synthetase inhibitor and also a strong competitive inhibitor of the mitochondrial enzyme.
    Asp-AMS
  • HY-P2914
    Carnitine acetyltransferase

    		Biochemical Assay Reagents Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology
    Carnitine acetyltransferase is a mitochondrial matrix enzyme that catalyzes the interconversion of Acetyl-CoA and Acetylcarnitine (HY-126358). Carnitine acetyltransferase functions as a positive regulator of total body glucose tolerance and muscle activity of pyruvate dehydrogenase. Carnitine acetyltransferase is responsible for mitochondrial acetyl-CoA balance and regulation of fatty acid oxidation by utilizing short- and medium- chain fatty acids and their corresponding acylcarnitines as substrates. Carnitine acetyltransferase plays a crucial role in regulating glucose homeostasis. Carnitine acetyltransferase can be utilized in the research of aging, obesity, and diabetes .
    Carnitine acetyltransferase
  • HY-142035
    N-Propargylglycine
    1 Publications Verification

    		 Mitochondrial Metabolism Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
    N-Propargylglycine is a brain-penetrant and orally active PRODH inhibitor. N-Propargylglycine covalently modifies enzyme-bound FAD and active site lysine, causing enzyme structural distortion, protein decay, and irreversible inhibition of proline and 4-hydroxyproline catabolism. N-Propargylglycine induces UPRmt, upregulates mitochondrial chaperones and YME1L1, enhances mitochondrial proteostasis, blocks astrocytic L-proline consumption, and abolishes L-proline’s ATP-maintaining and viability-protective effects. N-Propargylglycine stimulates neural processes, increases brain proline, hydroxyproline, and sarcosine levels, partially normalizes Huntington’s disease whole brain transcriptomes. N-Propargylglycine reduces hyperoxaluria, prevents calcium oxalate stone formation, reduces kidney tubular damage, and restores weight and survival in Grhpr knockout mice. N-Propargylglycine can be used for the research of breast cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, Huntington’s disease, and primary hyperoxaluria type 2 .
    N-Propargylglycine
  • HY-N0492S
    α-Lipoic Acid-d5

    Thioctic acid-d5; (±)-α-Lipoic acid-d5; DL-α-Lipoic acid-d5

    		 Isotope-Labeled Compounds NF-κB HIV Mitochondrial Metabolism Endogenous Metabolite Apoptosis Infection Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
    α-Lipoic Acid-d5 is the deuterium labeled α-Lipoic Acid. α-Lipoic Acid is an antioxidant, which is an essential cofactor of mitochondrial enzyme complexes. α-Lipoic Acid inhibits NF-κB-dependent HIV-1 LTR activation . α-Lipoic Acid induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated apoptosis in hepatoma cells .
    α-Lipoic Acid-d5
  • HY-P2911
    Glutamate dehydrogenase (NAD(P))

    GLDH

    		 Mitochondrial Metabolism Others
    Glutamate dehydrogenase NAD(P) (GLDH) can be found in hepatocytes, renal tissue, brain, muscle, and intestinal cells. Glutamate dehydrogenase NAD(P) is often used in biochemical studies. Glutamate dehydrogenase is a mitochondrial enzyme, it catalyzes the reversible oxidative deamination of glutamate to α-ketoglutarate (α-KG) as part of the urea cycle .
    Glutamate dehydrogenase (NAD(P))
  • HY-P2776
    Hexokinase, microorganism

    		Endogenous Metabolite Metabolic Disease
    Hexokinase (ScHEX1) (EC 2.7.1.1) is a glycolytic enzyme hexokinase that is inhibited by n-acetylglucosamine. Inhibition of Hexokinase (ScHEX1) by n-acetylglucosamine leads to its separation from the mitochondrial outer membrane, resulting in activation of NLRP3 inflammasome .
    Hexokinase, microorganism
  • HY-170404
    KF-52

    		Phosphatase Metabolic Disease
    KF-52 is a phosphofructokinase-1 (PFK1) inhibitor with an IC50 value of 2.1 μM. KF-52 significantly increases the ratio of oxygen consumption rate (OCR) to extracellular acidification rate (ECAR). KF-52 is applicable to research related to mitochondrial dysfunction .
    KF-52
  • HY-130687A
    Psicose

    DL-Psicose

    		 PI3K mTOR Akt IGF-1R TGF-beta/Smad Mitochondrial Metabolism Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease
    Psicose (DL-Psicose) is an orally effective sugar substitute. Psicose activates the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway to promote muscle synthesis. Psicose upregulates IGF-1 and downregulates Myostatin. Psicose normalizes mitochondrial dysfunction by increasing G6P activity. Psicose enhances the activity of antioxidant enzymes and reduces oxidative stress markers. Psicose increases muscle mass, grip strength and muscle weight in aged mice and diet-induced obese mice. Psicose improves obesity and type 2 diabetes. Psicose can be used in the research of age-related sarcopenia .
    Psicose
  • HY-149127
    Rosolutamide

    ASC-JM17; ALZ-003

    		 Keap1-Nrf2 Androgen Receptor HSP Mitophagy Ferroptosis Apoptosis Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Autophagy Metabolic Disease
    Rosolutamide (ASC-JM17) is an orally active Nrf1/Nrf2 activator. Rosolutamide activates Hsf1 pathways, upregulates proteasome subunits and antioxidant enzymes, induces proteasome complex structural rearrangement, and enhances ubiquitin-proteasome system-mediated degradation. Rosolutamide reduces mutant androgen receptor and ataxin-3 aggregates, restores mitochondrial function, attenuates reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, induces apoptosis and ferroptosis, and inhibits cancer cell growth. Rosolutamide can be used for the research of spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy, Huntington’s disease, and temozolomide-resistant glioblastoma .
    Rosolutamide
  • HY-P2989
    Pyruvate carboxylase

    		Endogenous Metabolite Metabolic Disease Cancer
    Pyruvate carboxylase is a key mitochondrial anaplerotic enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of pyruvate to oxaloacetate. Pyruvate carboxylase not only maintains tricarboxylic acid cycle activity and redox homeostasis, but also drives hepatic gluconeogenesis and fatty acid synthesis. The activity of Pyruvate carboxylase is upregulated in insulin-resistant states, exacerbating hepatic glucose production. Pyruvate carboxylase also shows significantly enhanced expression in early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Pyruvate carboxylase promotes tumor proliferation by supporting nucleotide and lipid synthesis, and its functional deficiency cannot be compensated by glutaminolysis. Pyruvate carboxylase can be used in the research of prediabetes type 2 and NSCLC .
    Pyruvate carboxylase
  • HY-174400
    SGLT2-IN-2

    		SGLT SOD Na+/H+ Exchanger (NHE) Autophagy Cardiovascular Disease
    SGLT2-IN-2 (Compound E9) is an inhibitor of SGLT2. SGLT2-IN-2 significantly enhances the inhibition of SGLT2, NHE1, and SOD enzyme activity. SGLT2-IN-2 has protective effect on the glucose-free DMEM-induced injured cardiomyocytes. SGLT2-IN-2 significantly improves cardiac function in TAC-induced HF mice and inhibits cardiomyocyte hypertrophy as well as collagen deposition. SGLT2-IN-2 can ameliorate myocardial tissue damage and enhance mitochondrial autophagy in injured cardiomyocytes, thereby increasing survival rates in HF mice .
    SGLT2-IN-2
  • HY-B0263S1
    Thiabendazole-13C6

    2-(4-Thiazolyl)benzimidazole-13C6

    		 Isotope-Labeled Compounds Mitochondrial Metabolism Parasite Infection
    Thiabendazole- 13C6 is the 13C6 labeled Thiabendazole. Thiabendazole inhibites the mitochondrial helminth-specific enzyme, fumarate reductase, with anthelminthic property.
    Thiabendazole-13C6
  • HY-B0445B
    α-NAD

    α-Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide

    		 Mitochondrial Metabolism Endogenous Metabolite Metabolic Disease
    α-NAD (α-Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide) serves as a substrate for reninase, functions as an analog of β-NAD, affects the kinetics of NAD-dependent enzymes, and also plays a critical role as a cofactor in mitochondrial redox reactions .
    α-NAD
  • HY-111623
    USP30 inhibitor 11

    		Deubiquitinase Cancer
    USP30 inhibitor 11 is a selective and potent ubiquitin specific peptidase 30 (USP30) inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.01 μΜ, the example 83 extracted from patent WO2017009650A1. USP30 inhibitor 11 is used for the study of cancer and conditions involving mitochondrial dysfunction .
    USP30 inhibitor 11
  • HY-N1282
    Seneciphylline

    		Glutathione S-transferase Cytochrome P450 Cancer
    Seneciphylline is an orally effective hepatotoxic inducer. Seneciphylline is metabolized by CYP450 enzymes into active intermediates, which covalently bind to intracellular biomacromolecules such as proteins and DNA to form adducts, which in turn trigger a series of toxic reactions, such as inducing cell apoptosis and damaging mitochondrial function. Seneciphylline can be used in hepatotoxicity research[1][2].
    Seneciphylline
  • HY-N0157R
    Orotic acid (Standard)

    6-Carboxyuracil (Standard); Vitamin B13 (Standard)

    		 Reference Standards Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog Endogenous Metabolite Metabolic Disease
    Orotic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of Orotic acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Orotic acid (6-Carboxyuracil), a precursor in biosynthesis of pyrimidine nucleotides and RNA, is released from the mitochondrial dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) for conversion to UMP by the cytoplasmic UMP synthase enzyme. Orotic acid is a marker for measurement in routine newborn screening for urea cycle disorders. Orotic acid can induce hepatic steatosis and hepatomegaly in rats .
    Orotic acid (Standard)
  • HY-156202
    Geranylgeranoic acid

    		Histone Demethylase PD-1/PD-L1 Apoptosis Cancer
    Geranylgeranoic acid (Compound 5) is inhibits lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) with an IC50 value of 46.97 µM. Geranylgeranoic acid induces apoptosis via loss of the mitochondrial membrane potential and activation of interleukin-1β-converting enzyme (ICE) and cysteine protease precursor 32 (CPP32) in Huh7 and PLC/PRF/5 human hepatoma cells and MLE-10 transformed mouse hepatocytes. Geranylgeranoic acid an isoprenoid with anticancer activity, which is found in S. chinensis .
    Geranylgeranoic acid
  • HY-P2961
    Glutathione S-transferase

    		Glutathione S-transferase Cancer
    Glutathione S-transferase is a phase II metabolic enzyme consisting of three superfamilies: cytosolic, mitochondrial, and microsomal. Glutathione S-transferase possesses various catalytic activities such as catalytic detoxification and thiol transfer, as well as chaperone function. GSTP1, a subtype of Glutathione S-transferase, is highly expressed in malignant tissues and serves as a tumor marker .
    Glutathione S-transferase
  • HY-B1093
    Fenchlorphos
    1 Publications Verification

    		 Environmental Pollutants Parasite Cholinesterase (ChE) Infection
    Fenchlorphos, an organophosphate, is an insecticide. Fenchlorphos is an inhibitor of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Fenchlorphos is able to cause mitochondrial dysfunction .
    Fenchlorphos
  • HY-18733R
    Lipoic acid (Standard)
    5+ Cited Publications

    (R)-(+)-α-Lipoic acid(Standard); R-(+)-Thioctic acid (Standard)

    		 Reference Standards Mitochondrial Metabolism Endogenous Metabolite Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
    Lipoic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of Lipoic acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Lipoic acid ((R)-(+)-α-Lipoic acid) is an antioxidant, which is an essential cofactor of mitochondrial enzyme complexes. (R)-(+)-α-Lipoic acid is more effective than racemic Lipoic acid.
    Lipoic acid (Standard)
  • HY-E70121
    Succinyl-CoA synthetase

    		Endogenous Metabolite Mitochondrial Metabolism Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology
    Succinyl-CoA synthetase is a mitochondrial matrix enzyme and catalyst. Succinyl-CoA synthetase supports TCA, ketone and heme metabolism and is activated by mitochondrial phosphate. Succinyl-CoA synthetase distributes broadly across mammalian tissues with distinct substrate-related biochemical features. Succinyl-CoA synthetase gains structural stability after phosphorylation and relies on SUCLG1-encoded subunit for activity. Succinyl-CoA synthetase malfunction links to metabolic and neurological disorders. Succinyl-CoA synthetase serves as a research tool for mitochondrial hepatoencephalomyopathy .
    Succinyl-CoA synthetase
  • HY-W012382S
    N-Acetyl-L-tyrosine-d3

    		Isotope-Labeled Compounds Endogenous Metabolite Metabolic Disease Cancer
    N-Acetyl-L-tyrosine-d3 is the deuterated form of N-Acetyl-L-tyrosine (HY-W012382). N-Acetyl-L-tyrosine is an orally active endogenous mitochondrial stress response regulator that can permeate the cell membrane by passive diffusion. N-Acetyl-L-tyrosine induces low-level reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation by transiently perturbing mitochondrial membrane potential, triggering reverse signaling to activate FoxO and Keap1 pathways. As a result, N-Acetyl-L-tyrosine enhances the expression of antioxidant enzyme genes, exerting anti-stress and cytoprotective effects. N-Acetyl-L-tyrosine can improve heat stress tolerance, inhibit tumor growth, and regulate energy metabolism. N-Acetyl-L-tyrosine can be used in the research of aging, metabolic diseases (such as diabetes), and cancer .
    N-Acetyl-L-tyrosine-d3
  • HY-P11358
    IRW

    		Angiotensin-converting Enzyme (ACE) Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase Mitochondrial Metabolism Inflammation/Immunology
    IRW is an orally active tripeptide produced from egg white with angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory properties. IRW can prevent high-fat diet (HFD)-induced Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) by modulating hepatic lipid metabolism and increasing mitochondrial content. IRW decreases hepatic triglyceride content and lipid droplet size. IRW increases the hepatic mitochondrial complexes and citrate synthase activity, phosphorylation of 5’-AMP-activated protein kinase and microsomal triglyceride transfer protein abundance. IRW increases phosphorylated acetyl CoA carboxylase and mitochondrial complexes, IRW can be used for the research of inflammation .
    IRW
  • HY-N0157A
    Orotic acid zinc
    3 Publications Verification

    6-Carboxyuracil zinc; Vitamin B13 zinc

    		 Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog Endogenous Metabolite Metabolic Disease
    Orotic acid (zinc), a precursor in biosynthesis of pyrimidine nucleotides and RNA, is released from the mitochondrial dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) for conversion to UMP by the cytoplasmic UMP synthase enzyme. Orotic acid (zinc) is a marker for measurement in routine newborn screening for urea cycle disorders. Orotic acid (zinc) can induce hepatic steatosis and hepatomegaly in rats .
    Orotic acid zinc
  • HY-175673
    LCB-2151

    		Carnitine Palmitoyltransferase (CPT) Apoptosis Oxidative Phosphorylation Mitochondrial Metabolism Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Cancer
    LCB-2151 (Compound 2), a nucleoside analogue, is an anticancer agent. LCB-2151 disrupts the two primary sources of ATP production (glycolysis and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation), reducing the bioenergetic capacity of KRAS-mutated pancreatic cancer cells and inducing ROS formation. LCB-2151 effectively inhibits key enzymes (such as CACT and CPT2) in glycolysis, the TCA cycle and fatty acid β-oxidation. LCB-2151 has significant cytotoxicity and induces cells apoptosis. LCB-2151 can be used for radiation therapy of cancers research .
    LCB-2151
  • HY-N0492R
    α-Lipoic Acid (Standard)
    10+ Cited Publications

    Thioctic acid (Standard); (±)-α-Lipoic acid (Standard); DL-α-Lipoic acid (Standard)

    		 Reference Standards NF-κB HIV Mitochondrial Metabolism Endogenous Metabolite Apoptosis Infection Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
    α-Lipoic Acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of α-Lipoic Acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. α-Lipoic Acid (Thioctic acid) is an antioxidant, which is an essential cofactor of mitochondrial enzyme complexes. α-Lipoic Acid inhibits NF-κB-dependent HIV-1 LTR activation . α-Lipoic Acid induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated apoptosis in hepatoma cells . α-Lipoic Acid can be used with CPUL1 (HY-151802) to construct the self-assembled nanoaggregate CPUL1-LA NA, which has improved antitumor efficacy than CPUL1 .
    α-Lipoic Acid (Standard)
  • HY-W055845
    4-Methylbenzamide oxime

    		Biochemical Assay Reagents Others
    4-Methylbenzamide oxime is a model of benzamide oxime and can be used as a substrate for mitochondrial amidoxime reducing component (mARC) catalytic enzyme reduction .
    4-Methylbenzamide oxime
  • HY-B0124S
    Zonisamide-d4

    		Isotope-Labeled Compounds Carbonic Anhydrase Calcium Channel Sodium Channel Neurological Disease
    Zonisamide-d4 is the deuterium labeled Zonisamide. Zonisamide (AD 810) is an inhibitor of zinc enzyme carbonic anhydrase (CA), with Kis of 35.2 nM and 20.6 nM for human mitochondrial isozyme hCA II and hCA V, respectively. Zonisamide has antiepileptic activity. Zonisamide can be used for the rsearch for epilepsy, seizures and Parkinson's disease .
    Zonisamide-d4
  • HY-N0157S1
    Orotic acid-13C,15N2 monohydrate

    6-Carboxyuracil-13C,15N2 monohydrate; Vitamin B13-13C,15N2 monohydrate

    		 Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog Endogenous Metabolite Metabolic Disease
    Orotic acid- 13C, 15N2 (monohydrate) is the 13C and 15N labeled Orotic acid . Orotic acid (6-Carboxyuracil), a precursor in biosynthesis of pyrimidine nucleotides and RNA, is released from the mitochondrial dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) for conversion to UMP by the cytoplasmic UMP synthase enzyme. Orotic acid is a marker for measurement in routine newborn screening for urea cycle disorders. Orotic acid can induce hepatic steatosis and hepatomegaly in rats .
    Orotic acid-13C,15N2 monohydrate
  • HY-W012382R
    N-Acetyl-L-tyrosine (Standard)

    		Reference Standards Endogenous Metabolite Metabolic Disease Cancer
    N-Acetyl-L-tyrosine (Standard) is the analytical standard of N-Acetyl-L-tyrosine (HY-W012382). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. N-Acetyl-L-tyrosine is an orally active endogenous mitochondrial stress response regulator that can permeate the cell membrane by passive diffusion. N-Acetyl-L-tyrosine induces low-level reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation by transiently perturbing mitochondrial membrane potential, triggering reverse signaling to activate FoxO and Keap1 pathways. As a result, N-Acetyl-L-tyrosine enhances the expression of antioxidant enzyme genes, exerting anti-stress and cytoprotective effects. N-Acetyl-L-tyrosine can improve heat stress tolerance, inhibit tumor growth, and regulate energy metabolism. N-Acetyl-L-tyrosine can be used in the research of aging, metabolic diseases (such as diabetes), and cancer .
    N-Acetyl-L-tyrosine (Standard)
  • HY-122949
    Momordicine I
    2 Publications Verification

    		 Apoptosis Autophagy DGK Mitochondrial Metabolism NO Synthase PI3K Akt Interleukin Related Src AMPK mTOR NF-κB c-Met/HGFR STAT Keap1-Nrf2 Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Oxidative Phosphorylation Endogenous Metabolite Cardiovascular Disease Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
    Momordicine I is a cucurbitane-type triterpenoids. Momordicine I suppresses glioma growth by promoting apoptosis and impairing mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. Momordicine I inhibits glycolysis, lipid metabolism, induces autophagy in HNC cells to suppress head and neck cancer growth. Momordicine I alleviates isoproterenol-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy through suppression of PLA2G6 and DGK-ζ. Momordicine I exerts its cardiovascular benefits by upregulating nitric oxide, inhibiting the activity of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), activating the PI3K/Akt pathway, reducing oxidative stress and inflammation. Momordicine I inhibits AKT1, IL-6, and SRC, suggesting its potential application in type 2 diabetes .
    Momordicine I
  • HY-177023
    Ap5dT

    		Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog Cancer
    Ap5dT is a cytosolic thymidine kinase and mitochondrial enzyme inhibitor with Kis of 0.12 μM and 0.50 μM, respectively. Ap5dT can be used for the study of acute myelocytic leukemia .
    Ap5dT
  • HY-120914
    TrxR1-IN-B19

    GO-Y015

    		 TrxR Apoptosis Cancer
    TrxR1-IN-B19 (GO-Y015) (Compound B19) is a Curcumin (HY-N0005) derivative and colvalent TrxR1 inhibitor. TrxR1-IN-B19 inhibits TrxR1 enzyme activity to elevate oxidative stress, and then induce ROS-mediated ER Stress and mitochondrial dysfunction, subsequently resulting in cell cycle arrest and apoptosis .
    TrxR1-IN-B19
  • HY-145751
    7α-Hydroxy-DHEA

    7α-Hydroxydehydroepiandrosterone; 3β,7α-Dihydroxy-Δ5-androsten-17-one

    		 Cytochrome P450 Mitochondrial Metabolism Metabolic Disease Cancer
    7α-Hydroxy-DHEA (7α-Hydroxydehydroepiandrosterone) is a 7α-hydroxylated metabolite of DHEA (HY-14650), catalyzed by intracellular steroid 7α-hydroxylases such as P450 2A1. 7α-Hydroxy-DHEA exhibits biological activity comparable to DHEA but does not convert into compounds with androgenic or estrogenic activity. It induces the activity of thermogenic enzymes such as mitochondrial sn-glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and cytosolic malic enzyme, enhancing heat production and reducing food utilization efficiency. As a more efficient and safer metabolite compared to DHEA, 7α-Hydroxy-DHEA holds potential for studies in the fields of obesity, metabolic diseases, and adrenal carcinoma .
    7α-Hydroxy-DHEA
  • HY-B1218R
    Sulfaphenazole (Standard)

    		Reference Standards Cytochrome P450 Antibiotic Bacterial Necroptosis Apoptosis Infection Cardiovascular Disease
    Sulfaphenazole (Standard) is the analytical standard of Sulfaphenazole. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Sulfaphenazole is a selective inhibitor of human cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2C9 enzyme. Sulfaphenazole is a cytoprotective agent against light-induced death of photoreceptors. Sulfaphenazole inhibits light-induced necrosis and mitochondrial stress-initiated apoptosis. Sulfaphenazole is an off patent sulfonamide antibiotic and demonstrates bactericidal activity through enhanced M1 macrophage activity. Sulfaphenazole can significantly reduce infarct size and restore post-ischemic coronary flow following ischemia and reperfusion .
    Sulfaphenazole (Standard)

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