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rat bile

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By Targets:	Apical Sodium-Dependent Bile Acid Transporter (2) 5-HT Receptor (1) Akt (2) Antibiotic (1) AP-1 (1) Apoptosis (2) Bacterial (1) Biochemical Assay Reagents (2) Cytochrome P450 (1) DNA/RNA Synthesis (2) Drug Derivative (2) Drug Intermediate (1) Endogenous Metabolite (2) ERK (1) Fungal (1) Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase (IDO) (2) Isotope-Labeled Compounds (1) JNK (1) LDLR (2) Mitochondrial Metabolism (2) NF-κB (3) p38 MAPK (3) PI3K (2) Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) (2) ROCK (2) β-glucuronidase (1)
By Research Areas:	Cancer (4) Cardiovascular Disease (3) Infection (1) Inflammation/Immunology (4) Metabolic Disease (9) Neurological Disease (4)
Click Chemistry:	Azide (1)

Inhibitors & Agonists

Biochemical Assay Reagents

Natural
Products

Isotope-Labeled Compounds

Click Chemistry

Targets Recommended: Apical Sodium-Dependent Bile Acid Transporter G protein-coupled Bile Acid Receptor 1

Cat. No.	Product Name	Target	Research Areas	Chemical Structure

HY-125934

Allocholic acid	Endogenous Metabolite	Cancer
Allocholic acid is a typically fetal bile acid found in vertebrates and reappears during liver regeneration and carcinogenesis, besides it is also a conjugate acid of allocholate and an isomer of cholic acid. Allocholic acid is a potent and specific stimulant of the adult olfactory system, it has a role as a marine metabolite, a rat metabolite and a human metabolite .

HY-N6857

Armepavine	AP-1 NF-κB p38 MAPK ERK JNK	Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
Armepavine, found in Nelumbo nucifera, is an orally active NF-κB inhibitor. Armepavine attenuates expression of p-p65, α-SMA, p-JNK1/2, p-ERK1/2, p-p38α stimulated by TNF-α and LPS. Armepavine suppresses NF-κB nuclear translocation, IκBα phosphorylation, and collagen deposition. Armepavine can be used for the research of hepatic fibrosis and leukemia .

HY-N0430

Coptisine Coptisin	Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase (IDO) NF-κB p38 MAPK PI3K Akt Apoptosis Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Mitochondrial Metabolism DNA/RNA Synthesis ROCK LDLR	Cardiovascular Disease Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
Coptisine is an orally active and brain-penetrant alkaloid found in Coptis chinensis. Coptisine is a reversible, uncompetitive IDO inhibitor with a K_i of 5.8 μM and an IC₅₀ of 6.3 μM. Coptisine suppresses neuroinflammation, reduces Aβ plaque burden and shows neuroprotective activity. Coptisine shows anti-inflammation activity by blocking NF-κB, MAPK, and PI3K/Akt activation. Coptisine inhibits cancer cells proliferation, induces DNA damage, G2/M phase cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, ROS production and mitochondrial dysfunction. Coptisine inhibits Rho/ROCK pathway activation, reduces arrhythmia, limits cardiac injury marker release, reduces infarct size, and preserves cardiac function in rat myocardial ischemia/reperfusion models. Coptisine downregulates HMGCR and upregulates LDLR and CYP7A1 to modulate cholesterol metabolism, reduces abnormal serum lipid levels, and promotes fecal bile acid excretion. Coptisine can be used for the research of cancer, hypercholesterolemia, Alzheimer’s disease, inflammatory disorders and cardiovascular disease .

HY-N0430A

Coptisine Sulfate 5 Publications Verification	Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase (IDO) NF-κB p38 MAPK PI3K Akt Apoptosis Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Mitochondrial Metabolism DNA/RNA Synthesis ROCK LDLR	Cardiovascular Disease Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
Coptisine Sulfate is an orally active and brain-penetrant alkaloid found in Coptis chinensis. Coptisine Sulfate is a reversible, uncompetitive IDO inhibitor with a K_i of 5.8 μM and an IC₅₀ of 6.3 μM. Coptisine Sulfate suppresses neuroinflammation, reduces Aβ plaque burden and shows neuroprotective activity. Coptisine Sulfate shows anti-inflammation activity by blocking NF-κB, MAPK, and PI3K/Akt activation. Coptisine Sulfate inhibits cancer cells proliferation, induces DNA damage, G2/M phase cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, ROS production and mitochondrial dysfunction. Coptisine Sulfate inhibits Rho/ROCK pathway activation, reduces arrhythmia, limits cardiac injury marker release, reduces infarct size, and preserves cardiac function in rat myocardial ischemia/reperfusion models. Coptisine Sulfate downregulates HMGCR and upregulates LDLR and CYP7A1 to modulate cholesterol metabolism, reduces abnormal serum lipid levels, and promotes fecal bile acid excretion. Coptisine Sulfate be used for the research of cancer, hypercholesterolemia, Alzheimer’s disease, inflammatory disorders and cardiovascular disease .

HY-B2091

Azidocillin	Antibiotic Bacterial	Infection
Azidocillin, a semi-synthetic Penicillin, is an orally active β-lactam antibiotic. Azidocillin bears an azide functionality and retains on-target activity within bacteria. Azidocillin can be used to research osteitis caused by dental surgery, otitis media, enterococcal septicemia and other bacterial infectious diseases . Azidocillin is a click chemistry reagent, it contains an Azide group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition reaction (CuAAc) with molecules containing Alkyne groups. It can also undergo strain-promoted alkyne-azide cycloaddition (SPAAC) reactions with molecules containing DBCO or BCN groups.

HY-W127730

Pyridoxine 3,4-dipalmitate	Drug Derivative	Others
Pyridoxine 3,4-dipalmitate is a Pyridoxine (HY-B1328) derivative. Pyridoxine exerts its antioxidant effects .

HY-B2119

Sodium tauroglycocholate Tauroglycocholic acid sodium salt	Biochemical Assay Reagents	Metabolic Disease
Sodium tauroglycocholate (Tauroglycocholic acid sodium salt) is a multifunctional surfactant and penetration enhancer that can serve as a cholegraphic contrast agent. In organic solvents, Sodium tauroglycocholate embeds and stabilizes invertase by forming reverse micelles, and prolongs its active lifespan. In terms of transdermal absorption, Sodium tauroglycocholate effectively regulates the flux of aminophylline through snake slough by binding to keratin filaments, disrupting keratinocytes and altering lipid components of the stratum corneum. It exhibits rapid penetration characteristics without lag time at a concentration of 100 μg/mL. Sodium tauroglycocholate does not interfere with the hepatic uptake of Gd-EOB-DTPA by the bile acid transport system in rat hepatocytes .

HY-148795

Ritivixibat	Apical Sodium-Dependent Bile Acid Transporter	Metabolic Disease
Ritivixibat is an apical sodium-dependent bile acid transporter (ASBT/IBAT) inhibitor. Ritivixibat blocks ASBT/IBAT function, thereby reducing bile acid reabsorption, regulating bile acid homeostasis and alleviating liver injury. Ritivixibat protects cholangiocytes from damage caused by cytotoxic bile acids. Ritivixibat is applicable to research related to primary sclerosing cholangitis .

HY-17011

Croconazole	Fungal	Metabolic Disease
Croconazole is an antifungal agent containing imidazole rings. Croconazole has a unique structural feature of aryl vinyl at the imidazole ring N-1. Croconazole can be used for the identification and quantitative study of major metabolites in rat urine and bile .

HY-120396

LY 293284	5-HT Receptor	Neurological Disease
LY 293284 is a potent and selective 5-HT1A receptor agonist. LY 293284 results in a significant drop in core temperature and consumes more food in cholestasis rat induced by bile duct resection .

HY-W008125S

Acetobromo-a-D-glucuronic acid-13C6 methyl ester Methyl acetobromo-α-D-glucuronate-¹³C₆ methyl ester	Isotope-Labeled Compounds Biochemical Assay Reagents Drug Intermediate	Cardiovascular Disease
Acetobromo-a-D-glucuronic acid- ¹³C₆ methyl ester (Methyl acetobromo-α-D-glucuronate- ¹³C₆ methyl ester) is ¹³C labeled Acetobromo-α-D-glucuronic acid methyl ester, 98% (HY-W008125). Acetobromo-α-D-glucuronic acid methyl ester, 98% is an intermediate. Acetobromo-α-D-glucuronic acid methyl ester, 98% can be used to synthesize HMR1098-S-Glucuronide Methyl Ester. HMR1098 is a novel K_ATP blocker that is metabolized to S-glucuronide in rat and dog bile. Acetobromo-α-D-glucuronic acid methyl ester, 98% can be used in the research of sudden cardiac death .

HY-119449

Florantyrone Zanchol	Others	Inflammation/Immunology
Florantyrone (Zanchol) is a bile-promoting agent. Florantyrone increases the volume of bile rather than the content of bile acids. Zanchol can stimulate the synthesis of cholesterol in the liver, significantly raising the plasma cholesterol level, increasing the weight of the liver, but has no significant effect on the synthesis of cholesterol in the intestine. Florantyrone can be used in research on biliary motility disorders .

HY-153875

Saccharolactone	β-glucuronidase Cytochrome P450	Metabolic Disease
Saccharolactone is a potent orally active β-glucuronidase inhibitor. Saccharolactone markedly lowers biliary endogenous β-glucuronidase activity in the rat bile. Saccharolactone can stabilize glucuronide metabolites in vitro. Saccharolactone is also a strong inhibitor of CYP1A2, 2D6, 3A4 and 2C8 isoforms (IC₅₀ < 4 mM) .

HY-182255

ED-594	Endogenous Metabolite	Others
ED-594 is the glucuronide form of NB-506. ED-594 is one of the major metabolites of NB-506 in rat bile, mouse liver microsomes, rat liver microsomes and human liver microsomes .

HY-N18490

5α-Cyprinol sulfate	Drug Derivative	Metabolic Disease
5α-Cyprinol sulfate is an orally active bile salt and heterospecific pheromone. 5α-Cyprinol sulfate promotes lipid digestion in fish. 5α-Cyprinol sulfate inhibits taurocholic acid uptake mediated by apical bile salt transporters in rat ileum. 5α-Cyprinol sulfate can be used in studies of fish toxic acute renal failure .

HY-130301

Gallensre S 0960	Apical Sodium-Dependent Bile Acid Transporter	Metabolic Disease
Gallensre (S 0960) is an *apical sodium-dependent bile* acid transporter inhibitor (IC₅₀** = 5.8 μmol/L). Gallensre inhibits bile salt reabsorption in a rat model. Gallensre can be used to study metabolic diseases such as bile acid cycling .

Pyridoxine 3,4-dipalmitate	Biochemical Assay Reagents
Pyridoxine 3,4-dipalmitate is a Pyridoxine (HY-B1328) derivative. Pyridoxine exerts its antioxidant effects .

Cat. No.	Product Name	Category	Target	Chemical Structure

HY-125934

Allocholic acid	Microorganisms Animals Classification of Application Fields Disease Research Fields Steroids Source Classification Cancer	Endogenous Metabolite
Allocholic acid is a typically fetal bile acid found in vertebrates and reappears during liver regeneration and carcinogenesis, besides it is also a conjugate acid of allocholate and an isomer of cholic acid. Allocholic acid is a potent and specific stimulant of the adult olfactory system, it has a role as a marine metabolite, a rat metabolite and a human metabolite .

HY-N6857

Armepavine	Structural Classification Classification of Application Fields Plants Nymphaeaceae Alkaloids Monophenols other families Phenols Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. Isoquinoline Alkaloids Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields Source Classification	AP-1 NF-κB p38 MAPK ERK JNK
Armepavine, found in Nelumbo nucifera, is an orally active NF-κB inhibitor. Armepavine attenuates expression of p-p65, α-SMA, p-JNK1/2, p-ERK1/2, p-p38α stimulated by TNF-α and LPS. Armepavine suppresses NF-κB nuclear translocation, IκBα phosphorylation, and collagen deposition. Armepavine can be used for the research of hepatic fibrosis and leukemia .

HY-N0430

Coptisine Coptisin	Alkaloids Structural Classification Classification of Application Fields Coptis chinensis Franch. Ranunculaceae Metabolic Disease Quinoline Alkaloids Plants Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase (IDO) NF-κB p38 MAPK PI3K Akt Apoptosis Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Mitochondrial Metabolism DNA/RNA Synthesis ROCK LDLR
Coptisine is an orally active and brain-penetrant alkaloid found in Coptis chinensis. Coptisine is a reversible, uncompetitive IDO inhibitor with a K_i of 5.8 μM and an IC₅₀ of 6.3 μM. Coptisine suppresses neuroinflammation, reduces Aβ plaque burden and shows neuroprotective activity. Coptisine shows anti-inflammation activity by blocking NF-κB, MAPK, and PI3K/Akt activation. Coptisine inhibits cancer cells proliferation, induces DNA damage, G2/M phase cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, ROS production and mitochondrial dysfunction. Coptisine inhibits Rho/ROCK pathway activation, reduces arrhythmia, limits cardiac injury marker release, reduces infarct size, and preserves cardiac function in rat myocardial ischemia/reperfusion models. Coptisine downregulates HMGCR and upregulates LDLR and CYP7A1 to modulate cholesterol metabolism, reduces abnormal serum lipid levels, and promotes fecal bile acid excretion. Coptisine can be used for the research of cancer, hypercholesterolemia, Alzheimer’s disease, inflammatory disorders and cardiovascular disease .

HY-N0430A

Coptisine Sulfate 5 Publications Verification	Alkaloids Structural Classification Chelidonium majus Classification of Application Fields Metabolic Disease Quinoline Alkaloids Plants Disease Research Fields Papaveraceae Source Classification	Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase (IDO) NF-κB p38 MAPK PI3K Akt Apoptosis Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Mitochondrial Metabolism DNA/RNA Synthesis ROCK LDLR
Coptisine Sulfate is an orally active and brain-penetrant alkaloid found in Coptis chinensis. Coptisine Sulfate is a reversible, uncompetitive IDO inhibitor with a K_i of 5.8 μM and an IC₅₀ of 6.3 μM. Coptisine Sulfate suppresses neuroinflammation, reduces Aβ plaque burden and shows neuroprotective activity. Coptisine Sulfate shows anti-inflammation activity by blocking NF-κB, MAPK, and PI3K/Akt activation. Coptisine Sulfate inhibits cancer cells proliferation, induces DNA damage, G2/M phase cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, ROS production and mitochondrial dysfunction. Coptisine Sulfate inhibits Rho/ROCK pathway activation, reduces arrhythmia, limits cardiac injury marker release, reduces infarct size, and preserves cardiac function in rat myocardial ischemia/reperfusion models. Coptisine Sulfate downregulates HMGCR and upregulates LDLR and CYP7A1 to modulate cholesterol metabolism, reduces abnormal serum lipid levels, and promotes fecal bile acid excretion. Coptisine Sulfate be used for the research of cancer, hypercholesterolemia, Alzheimer’s disease, inflammatory disorders and cardiovascular disease .

HY-N18490

5α-Cyprinol sulfate	Structural Classification Animals Steroids Source Classification	Drug Derivative
5α-Cyprinol sulfate is an orally active bile salt and heterospecific pheromone. 5α-Cyprinol sulfate promotes lipid digestion in fish. 5α-Cyprinol sulfate inhibits taurocholic acid uptake mediated by apical bile salt transporters in rat ileum. 5α-Cyprinol sulfate can be used in studies of fish toxic acute renal failure .

Cat. No.	Product Name	Chemical Structure

HY-W008125S

Acetobromo-a-D-glucuronic acid-13C6 methyl ester
Acetobromo-a-D-glucuronic acid- ¹³C₆ methyl ester (Methyl acetobromo-α-D-glucuronate- ¹³C₆ methyl ester) is ¹³C labeled Acetobromo-α-D-glucuronic acid methyl ester, 98% (HY-W008125). Acetobromo-α-D-glucuronic acid methyl ester, 98% is an intermediate. Acetobromo-α-D-glucuronic acid methyl ester, 98% can be used to synthesize HMR1098-S-Glucuronide Methyl Ester. HMR1098 is a novel K_ATP blocker that is metabolized to S-glucuronide in rat and dog bile. Acetobromo-α-D-glucuronic acid methyl ester, 98% can be used in the research of sudden cardiac death .

Acetobromo-a-D-glucuronic acid-13C6 methyl ester

Acetobromo-a-D-glucuronic acid- ¹³C₆ methyl ester (Methyl acetobromo-α-D-glucuronate- ¹³C₆ methyl ester) is ¹³C labeled Acetobromo-α-D-glucuronic acid methyl ester, 98% (HY-W008125). Acetobromo-α-D-glucuronic acid methyl ester, 98% is an intermediate. Acetobromo-α-D-glucuronic acid methyl ester, 98% can be used to synthesize HMR1098-S-Glucuronide Methyl Ester. HMR1098 is a novel K_ATP blocker that is metabolized to S-glucuronide in rat and dog bile. Acetobromo-α-D-glucuronic acid methyl ester, 98% can be used in the research of sudden cardiac death .

Cat. No.	Product Name		Classification

HY-B2091

Azidocillin		Azide
Azidocillin, a semi-synthetic Penicillin, is an orally active β-lactam antibiotic. Azidocillin bears an azide functionality and retains on-target activity within bacteria. Azidocillin can be used to research osteitis caused by dental surgery, otitis media, enterococcal septicemia and other bacterial infectious diseases . Azidocillin is a click chemistry reagent, it contains an Azide group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition reaction (CuAAc) with molecules containing Alkyne groups. It can also undergo strain-promoted alkyne-azide cycloaddition (SPAAC) reactions with molecules containing DBCO or BCN groups.

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rat bile

Inhibitors & Agonists

Biochemical Assay Reagents

NaturalProducts

Isotope-Labeled Compounds

Click Chemistry

Natural
Products