Antiallergic activity of tylogenin, a novel steroidal compound from Tylophora sylvatica

  • Int J Immunopharmacol. 1994 Aug;16(8):641-50. doi: 10.1016/0192-0561(94)90137-6.
J N Gnabre  1 ,  M J Halonen ,  D G Martin ,  J L Pinnas
Affiliations
  • 1. Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218.
PMID: 7527379 DOI: 10.1016/0192-0561(94)90137-6
Abstract

Tylogenin, a steroidal aglycone generated by acid hydrolysis from two seasonal glycosides occurring in Tylophora sylvatica, inhibits IgE-induced basophil mediator release for allergic reactions. In the rabbit basophil-dependent serotonin release (BDSR) assay system, the inhibitory activity of tylogenin (geom mean IC50 = 39 microM) was significantly (P < 0.05) greater than that of its parent glycosides, tylophoroside (geom mean IC50 263 microM) and acetyltylophoroside (geom mean IC50 331 microM), and that of dexamethasone (geom mean IC50 = 912 microM). The activity of tylogenin was found to increase with the incubation time. In the human leukocyte-dependent histamine release (LDHR) test model, the glycosides had only a minimal activity. In contrast, tylogenin, with a geom mean IC50 = 49 microM, exerted a significantly (P < 0.05) greater potency than dexamethasone (IC50 = 257 microM). These results suggest that tylogenin could represent a new class of antiallergic agents.

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