Bellis perennis L.

Notrilobolide is a sesquiterpene lactone. Notrilobolide induces a potent histamine release from peritoneal rat mast cells.

(7R,8R)-Threo-7,9,9′-trihydroxy-3,3′-dimethoxy-8-O-4′-neolignan-4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (compound 13) is a lignin glycoside that can be isolated from the fruits of Arctium lappa (burdock, Asteraceae).

Neohelmanthicin A (compound 3A) is a phenylpropanoid compound with antitumor activity. The IC₅₀s of Neohelmanthicin A for inhibiting leukemia cell line EL4, breast cancer cell line S180 and breast cancer cell line MCF7 are 0.13 μM, 7 μM and 23 μM respectively.

Neohelmanthicin C is a phenylpropionic acid compound.

Virgaureasaponin 1 (Bellissaponin BS2) is a saponin that can be isolated from Bellis perennis. Virgaureasaponin 1 is cytotoxic against tumor cells (IC₅₀: 4.6 μM for HL-60 cells).

Neohelmanthicin B is a phenylpropanoid that can be isolated from Thapsia garganica. Neohelmanthicin B exhibits cytotoxicity against EL4, S180 and MCF7 cell lines with IC₅₀s of 10, 5 and12 μM, respectively.

Thapsigargicin (Thapsigargicine) is a activator of mast cells and leukocytes. Thapsigargicin induces histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells and human basophil leukocytes. Thapsigargicin increases the cytoplasmic free calcium level in intact human blood platelets.