IO-108 

IO-108 is a humanized IgG4 monoclonal antibody and a competitive inhibitor of LILRB2, with a K_D value of 1.97 nM. IO-108 competitively blocks the binding of LILRB2 to its ligands including HLA-G, MHC-I, ANGPTL2 and SEMA4A, reprograms tumor-associated myeloid cells, drives the conversion of suppressive myeloid cells into a pro-inflammatory phenotype, and restores the cytotoxic activity of T cells and NK cells. IO-108 inhibits tumor growth in LILRB2 transgenic mouse models. IO-108 can be used for the research of solid tumors^[1][2].

Human IgG4 kappa

Human IgG4 (S228P) kappa, Isotype Control

Human

IO-108 selectively binds to LILRB2⁺ reporter cells, shows no cross-reactivity with other tested LILR family members or LAIR1, and binds to LILRB2 with high affinity^[1].
IO-108 (0.0001-100 nM) blocks the binding of HLA-G to LILRB2 on the surface of HEK293 cells in a dose-dependent manner, while potently inhibiting the activation of LILRB2 reporter cells induced by plate-immobilized ANGPTL2 and SEMA4A^[1].
IO-108 (100 nM; 3 days) enhances the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, GM-CSF) and reduces the level of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs)^[1].
IO-108 (100 nM; 3 days) enhances the production of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines (IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, CXCL8) in anti-CD3-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs)^[1].
IO-108 (100 nM) enhances TNF-α production in monocyte-derived macrophages stimulated with 2’3’-cGAMP^[1].
IO-108 (100 nM; 2 days) reduces the expression of tolerogenic CD209 and enhances the production of proinflammatory TNF-α in LPS-stimulated immature monocyte-derived dendritic cells^[1].
IO-108 (100 nM; 6 days) enhances the pro-inflammatory effect of anti-PD-1 antibody in a co-culture system of monocyte-derived macrophages and CD4⁺ T cells, and increases the production level of IFN-γ^[1].
IO-108 (100 nM; 6 days) promotes the differentiation of classical monocytes into CD86⁺ pro-inflammatory dendritic cells when co-cultured with GM-CSF and IL-4^[1].
IO-108 (100 nM; 2 days) modulates the phenotype of immature monocyte-derived dendritic cells, reduces the expression of the tolerogenic CD209, and increases the expression level of the proinflammatory CD86^[1].
IO-108 reverses the PMN-MDSC-mediated suppression of autologous CD8⁺ T cell proliferation in a cancer-derived cell co-culture system^[1].
IO-108 antagonizes the tolerogenic polarization of CD33+ PBMCs induced by SK-MEL-5 melanoma cells, reduces the expression of anti-inflammatory markers, and restores the expression of pro-inflammatory markers^[1].
IO-108 specifically binds to LILRB2 on the surface of human primary myeloid cells and patient-derived tumor-infiltrating myeloid cells, blocks the interactions between LILRB2 and its ligands HLA-G, SEMA4A, and ANGPTL2, enhances the inflammatory response of primary human macrophages to natural agonists, induces primary human monocyte-derived dendritic cells to develop a pro-inflammatory phenotype, and promotes T cell activation in an in vitro co-culture system with patient-derived myeloid cells^[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

IO-108 (10 mg/kg; multiple occasions) produces an average 41% tumor growth inhibition in syngeneic LLC tumors in LILRB2 transgenic mice, associated with enhanced innate and adaptive immune activation^[1].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

10288  [NCBI]

Q8N423

LILRB2/ILT4

ELISA, FACS, Functional assay

Unconjugated

The product can be reconstituted/diluted with sterile PBS or saline.

Please refer to the lot-specific COA for specific buffer information.

Please store the product under the recommended conditions in the Certificate of Analysis.

• [1]. Ma JT, et al. Abstract 601: IO-108, A fully human therapeutic antibody blocking the myeloid checkpoint LILRB2/ILT4, promotes innate and adaptive anti-cancer immunity in preclinical studies. Cancer Res. 2022 Jun;82(12 Suppl):601.

  [2]. Taylor MH, et al. Phase I dose escalation study of IO-108, an anti-LILRB2 antibody, in patients with advanced solid tumors. J Immunother Cancer. 2024;12(11):e010006. Published 2024 Nov 20.