2. Immunology/Inflammation NF-κB Apoptosis
  3. Toll-like Receptor (TLR) NF-κB Interleukin Related TNF Receptor
  4. N-Palmitoyl-D-glucosamine

N-Palmitoyl-D-glucosamine is an orally active TLR4 antagonist. N-Palmitoyl-D-glucosamine stably binds MD-2 with, preventing LPS-induced NF-κB signaling, decreases pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6), increases anti-inflammatory IL-10 and IL-1rα, and normalizes miR-20a-5p, miR-106a-5p, and miR-27a-3p levels. N-Palmitoyl-D-glucosamine decreases allodynia and prevents myelino-axonal degeneration of peripheral nerves. N-Palmitoyl-D-glucosamine can be used for the researches of keratitis and peripheral neuropathy.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

N-Palmitoyl-D-glucosamine

N-Palmitoyl-D-glucosamine Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 54627-18-8

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N-Palmitoyl-D-glucosamine Related Antibodies

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Description

N-Palmitoyl-D-glucosamine is an orally active TLR4 antagonist. N-Palmitoyl-D-glucosamine stably binds MD-2 with, preventing LPS-induced NF-κB signaling, decreases pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6), increases anti-inflammatory IL-10 and IL-1rα, and normalizes miR-20a-5p, miR-106a-5p, and miR-27a-3p levels. N-Palmitoyl-D-glucosamine decreases allodynia and prevents myelino-axonal degeneration of peripheral nerves. N-Palmitoyl-D-glucosamine can be used for the researches of keratitis and peripheral neuropathy[1].

IC50 & Target[1]

IL-1β

 

IL-6

 

IL-10

 

IL-1rα

 

In Vitro

N-Palmitoyl-D-glucosamine stably binds MD-2 protein with a 1:3 stoichiometry, forming stable interactions with specific residues lining the protein's hydrophobic pocket[1].
N-Palmitoyl-D-glucosamine (10-20 µg/mL; 10 min pre-incubation, 5 h LPS stimulation) prevents LPS (HY-D1056)-induced NF-κB activation in NF-κB-transfected RAW264.7 cells[1].
N-Palmitoyl-D-glucosamine (10 µM) does not activate or inhibit human TRPA1 channels in stably transfected HEK293 cells[1].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

N-Palmitoyl-D-glucosamine Related Antibodies
In Vivo

N-Palmitoyl-D-glucosamine (5 mg/kg; p.o.; single dose 30 minutes before LPS injection or daily for 3 consecutive days starting 30 minutes after LPS injection) reduces keratitis clinical scores, normalizes LPS (HY-D1056)-altered miRNA levels, lowers pro-inflammatory cytokine levels, and increases anti-inflammatory cytokine levels in CD1 mice with LPS-induced keratitis[1].
N-Palmitoyl-D-glucosamine (20 mg/kg; i.p.; single dose 15 minutes before LPS) prevents LPS-induced thermal pain hypersensitivity in CD1 mice, as measured by tail-flick latency[1].
N-Palmitoyl-D-glucosamine (2.5-10 mg/kg; p.o.; single dose 30 minutes before formalin injection, then daily for 1 week) at 5 and 10 mg/kg reduces acute formalin-induced nociceptive behavior and persistent mechanical allodynia in CD1 mice, while a 2.5 mg/kg dose is ineffective[1].
N-Palmitoyl-D-glucosamine (20 mg/kg; p.o.; daily for 5 days before Oxaliplatin initiation, then daily for the duration of the protocol) prevents Oxaliplatin (HY-17371)-induced mechanical, cold allodynia and myelino-axonal degeneration of sciatic ner in CD1 mice with chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy[1].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model: Keratitis CD1 (male, 25 g, LPS-induced keratitis)[1]
Dosage: 5 mg/kg
Administration: p.o.; single dose 30 minutes before LPS injection; daily for 3 consecutive days starting 30 minutes after LPS injection
Result: Reduced LPS-induced keratitis clinical score.
Reduced LPS-induced ki67 levels and VEGF levels.
Normalized LPS-reduced miR-20a-5p and miR-106a-5p levels, reduced LPS-increased miR-27a-3p.
Lowered pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6, and increased anti-inflammatory IL-10 and IL-1rα.
Animal Model: Mechanical allodynia CD1 mice (male, 25 g, formalin-induced nociception and persistent mechanical allodynia)[1]
Dosage: 2.5 mg/kg; 5 mg/kg; 10 mg/kg
Administration: p.o.; single dose 30 minutes before formalin injection, then daily for 1 week
Result: Reduced formalin-induced nocifensive behavior.
Increased mechanical withdrawal threshold.
Showed no significant effect on acute nocifensive behavior or persistent mechanical allodynia at 2.5 mg/kg.
Molecular Weight

417.58

Formula

C22H43NO6
CAS No.
SMILES

OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](C=O)NC(CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)=O
Structure Classification
Initial Source

Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage

Please store the product under the recommended conditions in the Certificate of Analysis.
Purity & Documentation
References
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N-Palmitoyl-D-glucosamine Related Classifications

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Help & FAQs
  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

Keywords:

N-Palmitoyl-D-glucosamine54627-18-8Toll-like Receptor (TLR)NF-κBInterleukin RelatedTNF ReceptorNuclear factor-κBNuclear factor-kappaBILTumor Necrosis Factor ReceptorTNFRimmune cellsCD1 miceperipheral neuropathyTLR4NF-kBHEK293 cellsMD-2keratitisLPSRAW264.7 cellsInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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