HCC-1/CCL14 Protein, Human

HCC-1/CCL14 Protein, Human is a CC chemokine with weak activity against human monocytes, promotes monocyte, eosinophil and T-lymphocyte chemotaxis, and mediates allergic airway inflammation and cancer. HCC-1/CCL14 Protein, Human is a recombinant human HCC-1/CCL14(T22-N93) expressed by E. coli^[1][2].

CCL14, also known as HCC-1, is a human plasma chemokine originally collected and purified from the hemofiltrate of patients with chronic renal failure. CCL14 belongs to the small cytokine family of CC chemokines, a cluster of chemokines located on human chromosome 17 that can be expressed in a variety of tissues, including spleen, bone marrow, liver, muscle, and intestine. CCL14 has weak activity against human monocytes and no activity against T lymphocytes, neutrophils, and eosinophils. CCL14 is weakly active against human monocytes and inactive against T lymphocytes, neutrophils, and eosinophils.CCL14 acts as a protein precursor that requires protein hydrolysis to obtain receptor affinity and is processed to yield a mature active protein containing 74 amino acids. The processed HCC-1(9-74) is a chemokine that attracts monocytes, eosinophils and T cells and binds to CCR1, CCR3 and CCR5 chemokine receptors^[2]. Post-translational modifications of CCL14 chemokines, such as N-terminal truncation and glycosylation, also result in differential signaling compared to unmodified ones. For example, both full-length CCL14(1-74) and truncated isoform CCL14(9-74) bind to atypical chemokine receptor 2 (ACKR2), but only truncated CCL14(9-74) shows a propensity for β-restin and induces receptor internalization of ACKR2 compared to CCL14(1-74). Meanwhile, CCL14(1-74) was a weak agonist of chemokine receptor CCR1, but its activity was significantly enhanced after proteolytic cleavage to CCL14(9-74)^[1]. CCL14 has been shown to inhibit HCC cell proliferation by inhibiting cell cycle progression and promoting apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells.CCL14 inhibits HCC tumor growth in nude mice in vivo.CCL14 is also involved in the pathogenesis and progression of various diseases, including allergic airway inflammation and some cancers^[2].

CCL14 (10 nM, 22 h) can increase trophoblast adhesion to fibronectin by 3-fold and increase expression of extracellular matrix and adhesion molecules such as collagen COL5A1, matrix metalloproteinase MMP12 in human choriocarcinoma-primary trophoblast hybrid AC1M-88 cell line^[3].

1.Fully biologically active when compared to standard. The biological activity deter- mined by a chemotaxis bloassay using human mono- cytes is in a concentration of 5.0-20 ng/mL.
2.Measured by its ability to chemoattract THP-1 human acute monocytic leukemia cells. The ED₅₀ this effect is 4.297 ng/mL, corresponding to a specific activity is 2.33×10⁵ U/mg.

• 
  Measured by its ability to chemoattract THP-1 human acute monocytic leukemia cells. The ED₅₀ for this effect is 4.297 ng/mL, corresponding to a specific activity is 2.33×10⁵ U/mg.

Human

E. coli

Tag Free

Q16627 (T22-N93)

6358  [NCBI]

TESSSRGPYHPSECCFTYTTYKIPRQRIMDYYETNSQCSKPGIVFITKRGHSVCTNPSDKWVQDYIKDMKEN

8-11 kDa

• 
  Greater than 95% as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE.

Lyophilized powder.

Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution of 20 mM PB, 150 mM NaCl, pH 7.4 or 20 mM PB, 100 mM NaCl, pH 7.4.

<1 EU/μg, determined by LAL method.

It is not recommended to reconstitute to a concentration less than 100 μg/mL in ddH₂O. For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% BSA, 5% HSA, 10% FBS or 5% Trehalose).

Stored at -20°C for 2 years. After reconstitution, it is stable at 4°C for 1 week or -20°C for longer (with carrier protein). It is recommended to freeze aliquots at -20°C or -80°C for extended storage.

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

• [1]. Siyao Wang, et al. Glycosylation Regulates N-Terminal Proteolysis and Activity of the Chemokine CCL14. ACS Chem Biol. 2021 Jun 18;16(6):973-981.  [Content Brief]

  [2]. Mengxuan Zhu, et al. CCL14 serves as a novel prognostic factor and tumor suppressor of HCC by modulating cell cycle and promoting apoptosis. Cell Death Dis. 2019 Oct 22;10(11):796.  [Content Brief]

  [3]. Natalie J Hannan, et al. CX3CL1 and CCL14 regulate extracellular matrix and adhesion molecules in the trophoblast: potential roles in human embryo implantation. Biol Reprod. 2008 Jul;79(1):58-65.  [Content Brief]