PGD2 Synthase/PTGDS Protein, Rat (HEK293, His)

The PGD2 Synthase, also known as PTGDS protein, is a key enzymatic player in diverse physiological processes. It catalyzes the conversion of PGH2 to PGD2, a prostaglandin essential for smooth muscle contraction/relaxation and a potent inhibitor of platelet aggregation. Beyond its vascular functions, PTGDS is intricately involved in various central nervous system (CNS) activities, including sedation, NREM sleep, and PGE2-induced allodynia, and may exert an anti-apoptotic role in oligodendrocytes. The protein exhibits a broad substrate-binding capacity, interacting with small non-substrate lipophilic molecules like biliverdin, bilirubin, retinal, retinoic acid, and thyroid hormone, potentially acting as a scavenger for harmful hydrophobic molecules and functioning as a secretory retinoid and thyroid hormone transporter. PTGDS is implicated in the development and maintenance of blood barriers, including the blood-brain, blood-retina, blood-aqueous humor, and blood-testis barriers, highlighting its significance in barrier function. Moreover, it plays pivotal roles in both the maturation and maintenance of the central nervous system and the male reproductive system. Additionally, PTGDS participates in PLA2G3-dependent mast cell maturation, where PLA2G3, secreted by immature mast cells, acts upstream to PTGDS to synthesize PGD2. This, in turn, promotes mast cell maturation and degranulation via PTGDR, indicating its involvement in immune responses and cellular maturation.