TRBC2 Protein, Human (HEK293, His)

TRBC2 is the constant region of the T cell receptor (TR) beta chain (PubMed:24600447). Alpha-beta T cell receptors are antigen-specific receptors essential for immune responses and are expressed on the surface of T lymphocytes. They recognize peptide-major histocompatibility (pMH) complexes displayed by antigen-presenting cells (APCs), a prerequisite for efficient T cell adaptive immunity against pathogens (PubMed:25493333). Binding of alpha-beta TR to pMH triggers TR-CD3 clustering on the cell surface and intracellular activation of LCK, which phosphorylates ITAM motifs in CD3G, CD3D, CD3E, and CD247, enabling ZAP70 recruitment. ZAP70 then phosphorylates LAT, forming the LAT signalosome that recruits multiple signaling molecules, branching into three major pathways: calcium signaling, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and nuclear factor NF-kappa-B (NF-κB). These pathways mobilize transcription factors critical for gene expression, T cell growth, and differentiation (PubMed:23524462). The T cell receptor repertoire is generated in the thymus via V-(D)-J rearrangement and shaped by intrathymic selection to produce a peripheral T cell pool with self-MHC restriction and non-autoaggressive properties. Post-thymic interactions between alpha-beta TR and pMH further refine TR structural and functional avidity (PubMed:15040585).